• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.415-420
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• 2009

이 논문은 표면파의 비선형특성을 이용하여 재료 표면의 열화손상을 평가한 사례 연구의 결과를 보고한다. 이 연구에서는 3점 굽힘 피로시험에 의해 표면에 피로열화를 가한 알루미늄 T6 시편을 대상으로 표면파의 음향 비선형 파라미터를 측정하기 위한 실험장치를 구성하였으며, 피로시험 전후에서 측정된 비선형파라미터의 크기를 비교하였다. 특히 3점 굽힘 피로시험에 의한 표면피로손상은 시편의 중앙부 표면에 집중 될 것이 예상되므로 이 주변에서의 비선형 파라미터의 변화를 세밀히 관찰하였다. 실험결과 피로손상이 거의 없는 시편의 가장자리에서는 비선형 파라미터가 피로시험 전후에서 큰 변화가 없었지만, 표면 피로열화가 집중된 중앙부에서는 뚜렷하게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.820-830
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• 2016

Pipe wall thinning by flow-accelerated corrosion and various types of erosion is a significant and costly damage phenomenon in secondary piping systems of nuclear power plants (NPPs). Most NPPs have management programs to ensure pipe integrity due to wall thinning that includes periodic measurements for pipe wall thicknesses using nondestructive evaluation techniques. Numerous measurements using ultrasonic tests (UTs; one of the nondestructive evaluation technologies) have been performed during scheduled outages in NPPs. Using the thickness measurement data, wall thinning rates of each component are determined conservatively according to several evaluation methods developed by the United States Electric Power Research Institute. However, little is known about the conservativeness or reliability of the evaluation methods because of a lack of understanding of the measurement error. In this study, quantitative models for UT thickness measurement deviations of nuclear pipes and fittings were developed as the first step for establishing an optimized thinning evaluation procedure considering measurement error. In order to understand the characteristics of UT thickness measurement errors of nuclear pipes and fittings, round robin test results, which were obtained by previous researchers under laboratory conditions, were analyzed. Then, based on a large dataset of actual plant data from four NPPs, a quantitative model for UT thickness measurement deviation is proposed for plant conditions.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.283-292
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• 2009

Laser-based ultrasonic sensing requires the probe with fixed fecal length, but this requirement is not essential in laser-based ultrasonic generation. Based on this fact, we designed a pulsed laser-based ultrasonic wave propagation imaging (UWPI) system with a tilting mirror system for rapid scanning of target, and an in-line band-pass filtering capable of ultrasoaic mode selection. 1D-temporal averaging, 2D-spatial averaging, and 3D-data structure building algorithms were developed far clearer results allowing fur higher damage detectability. The imaging results on a flat stainless steel plate were presented in movie and snapshot formats which showed the propagation of ultrasound visible as a concentric wavefield emerging from the location of an ultrasonic sensor. A hole in the plate with a diameter of 1 mm was indicated by the scattering wavefields. The results showed that this robust UWPI system is independent of focal length and reference data requirements.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2005

The effects of fiber orientation on acoustic emission(AE) characteristics have been studied for various composite laminates. Reflection and transmission optical microscopy were used to investigate the damage zone of specimens. AE signals were classified through short time Fourier transform(STFT) as different types: AE signals with a high intensity and high frequency band were due to fiber fracture, while weak AE signals with a low frequency band were due to matrix cracking and/or interfacial cracking. Characteristic feature in the rate of hit-events having high amplitudes showed a procedure of fiber breakages, which expressed the characteristic fracture processes of notched fiber-reinforced plastics with different fiber orientations. As a consequence, the behavior of fracture in the continuous composite laminates could be monitored through nondestructive evaluation(NDE) using the AE technique.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2009

토모그래피는 다중 빔을 이용하여 단면을 영상화하는 기법으로서 주로 의료진단 분야에서 인체의 단면 영상획득을 위해 응용되어지는 기법이다. 비파괴검사 분야에서도 단순한 시간영역 신호의 제시에서 탈피하여 검사자에게 영상을 제공함으로써 진단의 효율성을 높이고자 하는 추세이므로 이 기법은 많은 의미를 갖는다. 최근, 유도초음파를 이용한 평판 구조물의 진단 기법이 많은 주목을 받고 있어, 본 논문에서는 컴퓨터 기반 유도초음파 해석 기법과 토모그래피 영상화 기법을 기반으로 2차원 평판에 존재하는 결함 위치를 영상화하는 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 경계요소법을 이용하여 판 구조물에 존재하는 결함이 유도초음파의 전파 양상에 미치는 영향을 해석하고 그 결과를 토모그래피 영상화 기법에 적용하여 평판의 결함 위치를 판별하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 토모그래피를 위해 사용되는 센서의 개수가 결함 검출 성능에 많은 영향을 미침을 확인할 수 있다.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.261-268
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• 2001

열-음향방출(thermo-AE) 기법을 이용하여 두께 3mm, $[+45_6/-45_6]_s$ 복합재료 적층판의 열응력 유기 손상에 대한 비파괴평가의 유효성을 연구하였다. 반복적인 열부하 사이클에 의해서 thermo-AE 사상수가 감소하는 경향이 뚜렷하게 나타나서 열부하에 따른 카이저효과가 관찰되었다. 열부하사이클중의 thermo-AE거동을 분석하여 복합재료의 응력자유온도를 결정할 수 있었다. 초음파 C스캔, 광학현미경, 주사형 전자현미경을 통해 섬유파단과 모재파손이 관찰되었으며, 이들 파손 인자는 thermo-AE 신호의 단시간 퓨리에 변환처리에 의해 생성된 3종류의 서로 다른 시간-주파수 특성과 대응하였나 이 특성을 이용하여 복합재료의 냉각열처리 및 반복 열부하사이클시의 손상발생과정 및 내부 마찰거동 내역을 추적할 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology Speciallssue:Selected Papers
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2001

In this paper, an integrated damage identification system (IDIS) is proposed to locate and size damage in real structures. The application of the IDIS to real structures includes the measurement of modal responses, the construction of damage-detection models, and the implementation of measurements and models into the damage-detection process. Firstly, the theory of the damage identification method is outlined. Secondly, the schematic and each component of the IDIS are described. Finally, the practicality of the IDIS is verified from experiments on two different bridge-models, a model plate-grider and a model truss.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2008

Recent developments in contactless, air-coupled sensing of seismic and ultrasonic waves in concrete structures are presented. Contactless sensing allows for rapid, efficient and consistent data collection over a large volume of material. Two inspection applications are discussed: air-coupled impact-echo scanning of concrete structures using seismically generated waves, and air-coupled imaging of internal damages in concrete using ultrasonic tomography. The first application aims to locate and characterize shallow delamination defects within concrete bridge decks. Impact-echo method is applied to scan defected concrete slabs using air coupled sensors. Next, efforts to apply air-coupled ultrasonic tomography to concrete damage imaging are discussed. Preliminary results are presented for air-coupled ultrasonic tomography applied to solid elements to locate internal defects. The results demonstrate that, with continued development, air-coupled ultrasonic tomography may provide improved evaluation of unseen material defects within structures.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.548-557
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• 2010

An ultrasonic resonance scattering spectroscopy technique is developed and applied for reconstructing elastic constants of a transversely isotropic cylindrical component. Immersion ultrasonic measurements are performed on tube samples made from a boron/aluminum composite material to obtain resonance frequencies and dispersion curves of different guided wave modes propagating in the tube. Theoretical analysis on the acoustic resonance scattering from a transversely isotropic cylindrical tube is also performed, from which complete backscattering and resonance scattering spectra and theoretical dispersion curves are calculated. A sensitive change of the dispersion curves to the elastic properties of the composite tube is observed for both normal and oblique incidences; this is exploited for a systematic evaluation of damage and elastic constants of the composite tube samples. The elastic constants of two boron/aluminum composite tube samples manufactured under different conditions are reconstructed through an optimization procedure in which the residual between the experimental and theoretical phase velocities (dispersion curves) is minimized.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.423-427
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• 2004

In this work, we propose a new ultrasonic damage inspection method in plate structures. The proposed method employs an OPMT (Orientation-adjustable Patch-type Magnetostrictive Transducer) in order to make the ultrasonic waves focused on the specific target point. For experiments, virtual grid points were set up at every 50 mm in an aluminum plate and two OPMTs were used for inspection. If there exists a crack in a plate, the reflected Lamb wave from the crack is measured in addition to the direct waves from the transmitting transducer to the receiving transducer.