• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.2599-2613
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• 2015

Multi-index hashing (MIH) is the state-of-the-art method for indexing binary codes, as it di-vides long codes into substrings and builds multiple hash tables. However, MIH is based on the dataset codes uniform distribution assumption, and will lose efficiency in dealing with non-uniformly distributed codes. Besides, there are lots of results sharing the same Hamming distance to a query, which makes the distance measure ambiguous. In this paper, we propose a data-oriented multi-index hashing method (DOMIH). We first compute the covariance ma-trix of bits and learn adaptive projection vector for each binary substring. Instead of using substrings as direct indices into hash tables, we project them with corresponding projection vectors to generate new indices. With adaptive projection, the indices in each hash table are near uniformly distributed. Then with covariance matrix, we propose a ranking method for the binary codes. By assigning different bit-level weights to different bits, the returned bina-ry codes are ranked at a finer-grained binary code level. Experiments conducted on reference large scale datasets show that compared to MIH the time performance of DOMIH can be improved by 36.9%-87.4%, and the search accuracy can be improved by 22.2%. To pinpoint the potential of DOMIH, we further use near-duplicate image retrieval as examples to show the applications and the good performance of our method.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.264-270
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• 2016

This study examined how the police officers use their annual leaves. While Korean police officers have burdens of heavy workload exceeding their regular office hours, they are passive to get leaves to keep in shape from long hours of work, to maintain the appropriate level of work productivity, and to secure time for leisure and cultural activities. It appeared that most of the police officers surveyed haven't used their annual leaves for less than half of the days designated by law. It also appeared tat female officers used more leaves than male officers, and married officers than single ones. Considering the characteristics of work environment, it showed that officers doing shift work had less days of leaves than officers in non-shift work. The reasons why the police take leaves passively lie on various factors that heavy workload, work-oriented life, work-oriented police organizational culture preceding family and so forth. Therefore, it needed to supplement the personnels to meet the needs of overwhelming workload of the police and to allocate the work properly in advance. In addition, it needed to raise the awareness of the police managers and proliferation of organizational culture to place emphasis on balance between work and family.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.607-615
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• 2014

Outdoor education emphasizes diverse experiences from the internal growth which is expected from the learners, to the ecological and environmental experiences. It is also the needs of this time and reflected in the education system of Korea. However the goal of outdoor education is not well defined and philosophical efforts to clarify it is also not enough. In this respect, we tried to define the goal and investigated professionalism of outdoor education. Specifically, we investigated the professionalism of teachers and instructors of physical education. The goal was investigated in two areas 1) holistic experience and problem solving skill and 2) aiming self-reflective practitioner. The idea was that educators must not aim simple educational efficiencies but have to become self-reflective practitioners through everyday life. The conclusions of this study are firstly, a safety manual is required to avoid possible injuries and to give first aid in an unfortunate occasion, secondly, an education program is required to train outdoor professionals and lastly, outdoor education should not remain in the boundary of formal education but should be included in non-formal education.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.35-69
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• 2014

This study was conducted to explore initial motherhood experience of non-married mothers who decided to raise their babies. We applied Rennie's hermeneutic grounded theory for this study in which 7 non-married mothers participated. 9 hermeneutic categories which are 'decision to give birth', 'feeling of hitting bottom', 'ambivalence toward a life in stomach', 'realization of motherhood', 'motherhood anxiety', 'the bridle of social tag', 'hope of motherhood', 'encounter with new self' and 'visage of weary life' were constructed based on 145 meaning units, 34 subordinate categories. The core category that integrates motherhood experiences of participants was postulated as living with two conflicting visages of motherhood which are a cure and a poison at the same time. Motherhood experience processes were emerged in five stages which are decision to give birth, psychological frustration, realization of motherhood, confusion, and hope and discouragement of motherhood. Three types of motherhood experience were analyzed in the study which are adaptative, conflictive, and resistant. Based on the result of the study, the motherhood experience of non-married mother who decided to raise their babies are the process of emergence of new identity called mother. The non-married mothers formed their motherhood identities as they internalize socioculturally granted motherhood ideology. Moreover, the gap between socially oriented motherhood and realistic role of motherhood led to confusion. Based on this study, we suggest intervention plans to the field of social welfare practice that will support initial motherhood of non-married mothers who decided to keep their babies.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.207-228
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• 2023

After COVID-19, organizations have widely adopted platforms such as zoom or developed their proprietary online real-time systems for remote work, with recent forays into incorporating the metaverse for meetings and publicity. While ongoing studies investigate the impact of avatar customization, expansive virtual environments, and past virtual experiences on participant satisfaction within virtual reality or metaverse settings, the utilization of the metaverse as a dedicated workspace is still an evolving area. There exists a notable gap in research concerning the factors influencing the performance of the metaverse as a workspace, particularly in non-immersive work-type metaverses. Unlike studies focusing on immersive virtual reality or metaverses emphasizing immersion and presence, the majority of contemporary work-oriented metaverses tend to be non-immersive. As such, understanding the factors that contribute to the success of these existing non-immersive metaverses becomes crucial. Hence, this paper aims to empirically analyze the factors impacting personal outcomes in the non-immersive metaverse workspace and derive implications from the results. To achieve this, the study adopts the Embodied Social Presence (ESP) model as a theoretical foundation, modifying and proposing a research model tailored to the non-immersive metaverse workspace. The findings validate that the impact of presence on task engagement and task involvement exhibits a moderating effect based on the metaverse platform used. Following interviews with participants engaged in non-immersive metaverse workplaces (specifically Gather Town and Ifland), a survey was conducted to gather comprehensive insights.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.371-399
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• 2006

The theoretical background and capabilities of the developed program, SAR-CWF, for stochastic analysis of 3D reinforced-concrete shear wall-frame structures subject to seismic excitations is presented. Incremental stiffness and strength properties of system members are modeled by extended Roufaiel-Meyer hysteretic relation for bending while shear deformations for walls by Origin-Oriented hysteretic model. For the critical height of shear-walls, division to sub-elements is performed. Different yield capacities with respect to positive and negative bending, finite extensions of plastic hinges and P-${\delta}$ effects are considered while strength deterioration is controlled by accumulated hysteretic energy. Simulated strong motions are obtained from a Gaussian white-noise filtered through Kanai-Tajimi filter. Dynamic equations of motion for the system are formed according to constitutive and compatibility relations and then inserted into equivalent It$\hat{o}$-Stratonovich stochastic differential equations. A system reduction scheme based on the series expansion of eigen-modes of the undamaged structure is implemented. Time histories of seismic response statistics are obtained by utilizing the computer programs developed for different types of structures.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.199-202
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• 2003

The relationship between the morphology of nanostructured TiO$_2$ films and the photo-injected electron transport has been investigated using intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS). For this purpose, three different TiO$_2$ films with 5 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ thickness are prepared: The rutile TiO$_2$ film with 500 nm-sized cluster-like spherical bundles composed of the individual needles (Tl), the rutile TiO$_2$ film made up of non-oriented, homogeneously distributed rod-shaped particles having a dimension of approximately 20${\times}$80 nm (T2), and the anatase TiO$_2$ film with 20 nm-sized spherically shaped particles (T3). Cross sectional scanning electron micrographs show that all of the TiO$_2$films have a quite different particle packing density: poorly packed Tl film, loosely packed T2 film and densely packed T3 film. The electron transport is found to be significantly influenced by film morphology. The effective electron diffusion coefficient D$_{eff}$ derived from the IMPS time constant is an order of magnitude lower for T2 than for T3, but the D$_{eff}$ for the Tl sample is much lower than T2. These differences in the rate of electron transport are ascribed to differences in the extent of interparticle connectivity associated with the particle packing density.ity.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.13-21
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• 2008

The e-Government in Korea has made such good results as improvement of official work productivity and citizen service quality. However, e-Government in Korea involves many problems and subjects to must solve, especially, at the side of citizen services. Every public organization as supplier provides each service of themselves to the civilians. Citizens feel inconvenience yet, because they must visit and are supplied various civil services to one public affair from several public institutions. When we consider the paradigm shift of the e-Government service, the status and problems of the e-Government in Korea required more better service model to the citizen. To realize the citizen oriented service, the integration and linkage of the system infrastructure and applications among governmental organizations are required. In this changed situation, when new one/non-stop service model of the digital government is developed and launched, the e-Government can supply better service to the citizens. In this study, the model that we suggest is among the new service models of the e-Government, named the Integrated Civil Service Model. The e-Government involving the Integrated Civil Service Model can make more outcome, such as better civil life convenience, cost-effective results by processing time and cost reduction for public affairs of citizens.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.184-194
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between life style that a consumer is pursuing and purchasing frequency among the purchasing behaviors in internet shopping mall. As a result, the factors of life style with respect to purchasing attitude of the consumer were categorized into 'price advising type', 'price-quality identifying recognition type', 'brand-oriented type', 'shopping time-effort non-investment type', and 'price-quality comparing type'. It showed that there was a close relationship between the life style and the purchasing frequency in internet shopping mall and that there was a significant influence between the life style and the purchasing frequency. The result of this study indicated that the relationship between the life style and purchasing frequency in internet shopping mall was actualized by measuring the purchasing inclination of the consumer under various situations of psychologically descriptive characteristics and desire and simulation. Therefore, this fact suggests that it is very important to measure the accurate purchasing attitude of its consumer when setting up the marketing strategy of internet shopping mall.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.195-209
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• 2013

A data warehouse is not an operational database, only a database for decision support. It is defied as "a subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant and non-volatile collection of data". It is an indispensable element of successful information processing technology. This study is designed to suggest a better way to use database for efficient Port Authority's management. It is expected to play a significant role in introducing a data warehouse dedicated to port industry. Data warehouses are to serve as an opportunity to be fully exploited as a strategic technology for ports. Seven subject areas supporting ideas of researchers constitute this study.