• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.984-992
• /
• 2020

Objectives: This survey research was conducted to evaluate real-time non-face-to-face education in clinical Korean medicine conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This study was conducted with all 3rd and 4th grade students of the Department of Korean Medicine, Gachon University. The Korean Internal Medicine (Pulmonary) lecture course was held from April 1st to July 1st, 2020 for one semester. The lectures were conducted through real-time non-face-to-face education using the Cisco Webex program, and the lectures were mainly conducted by sharing a PowerPoint summarizing textbook. The questionnaire consisted of 3 parts and a total of 18 questions. The survey was conducted anonymously to ensure the confidentiality of all responses. Results: The overall score for real-time non-face-to-face education was 74.69±18.15 points. The efficiency of real-time non-face-to-face education was 2.12±0.78 points, and opinions on the expansion of future use were 2.08±0.91 points and were generally positive. The ratio of non-face-to-face education and face-to-face education in future clinical Korean medicine theory lectures was about 63:27, with a higher proportion of non-face-to-face education. Conclusions: Promoting clinical Korean medicine as a non-face-to-face education has generally been positively evaluated in terms of efficiency and overall, and its use should be expanded in the future. In particular, it will be necessary to use non-face-to-face education in the theory classes of clinical Korean medicine. However, technical problems involving internet, video, equipment, and communication tools will need to be improved in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.165-178
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to understand the consumer non-ethical behavior and the interaction with salespersons and their relationships. For this purpose, adults in Chunlabuk-do were surveyed and 675 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS statistical program. The results of the analysis were as follows: 1. Three dimensions of the consumer non-ethical behaviors were the unconscience, the illegality, and the deception. Two dimensions of the interaction with salespersons were the passive and the assertive interactions. 2. There were two clusters respectively; ethical and non-ethical groups for the consumer non-ethical behavior/ passive and assertive groups for the interaction with salespersons. 3. Generally, the more educated and the older persons were, the less they tended to be ethical and the more passively they tended to interact with the salespersons. 4. There were significant differences between the clusters of consumer non-ethical behavior and those of interaction. The non-assertive interaction group were found more in the non-ethical group and the assertive interaction group more in the ethical groups.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.30 no.2 s.245
• /
• pp.171-178
• /
• 2006

Experimental and theoretical study of the non-planar response motions of a circular cantilever beam subject to base harmonic excitation has been presented in this paper work. Theoretical research is conducted using two non-linear coupled integral-differential equations of motion. These equations contain cubic linearities due do curvature term and inertial term. A combination of the Galerkin procedure and the method of multiple scales are used to construct a first-order uniform expansion for the case of one-to-one resonance. The results show that the non-linear geometric terms are very important for the low-frequency modes of the first and second mode. The non-linear inertia terms are also important for the high-frequency modes. We present the quantitative and qualitative results for non-planar motions of the dynamic behavior.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.467-474
• /
• 2004

A numerical method and algorithms is proposed to perform optimization of non-linear response structures. An analytical and numerical method based finite element method is also proposed for the transformation of non-linear response into linear response. Loads transformed from this method are defined as the equivalent linear loads. With the loads and the transformed response, linear static optimization is performed for nonlinear response structure with geometric and/or material non-linearity. The results of the optimization are compared with them of typical non-linear response optimization using finite difference method. The proposed method is very efficient and derives good solution.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.54-59
• /
• 2013

NonHDL cholesterol values have been suggested as a risk marker for cardiovascular disease. NonHDL cholesterol values were calculated, using a very simple measurement [nonHDL cholesterol=serum total cholesterol-HDL cholesterol]. This formula is very useful as a screening tool for identifying dyslipoproteinemias, risk assessment, and assessing the results of hypolipidemic therapy. The data from the 2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Analysis was done for 1,992 subjects with lipid panels (Cholesterol, HDL, LDLdirect and Triglycerides) results. We studied the relationship between nonHDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. As a result, nonHDL cholesterol values were plotted against the LDL direct and calculated values. The linear regression equation for nonHDL cholesterol and direct LDL cholesterol was $nonHDLchol=23.60+1.03{\times}LDLdirect$ (p<0.0001, $r^2=0.80$) in all subjects. The subjects were classified into triglyceride values. When triglycerides are below 400 mg/dL, the linear fit to LDL direct is found to be $[nonHDLchol=17.34+1.07{\times}LDLdirect]$ (p<0.0001, $r^2=0.88$) and to the Friedewald LDL calculation is $[nonHDLchol=23.10+1.02{\times}LDLcalc]$ (p<0.0001, $r^2=0.82$). For triglycerides above 400 mg/dL, the linear fit equation is $[nonHDLchol=87.57+0.92{\times}LDLdirect]$ (p<0.0001, $r^2=0.50$) and to the LDL calculated, it is $[nonHDLchol=142.70+0.50{\times}LDLcalc]$ (p<0.0001, $r^2=0.32$). This study provides examples of the utility of nonHDL cholesterol concentrations in clinical medicine.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.619-632
• /
• 2017

We define a new connection on semi-Riemannian manifold, which is called a non-metric ${\phi}$-symmetric connection. Semi-symmetric non-metric connection and quarter-symmetric non-metric connection are two impotent examples of this connection. The purpose of this paper is to study the geometry of lightlike hypersurfaces of an indefinite Kaehler manifold with a non-metric ${\phi}$-symmetric connection.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
• /
• 2002.04b
• /
• pp.152-152
• /
• 2002

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2021

Objectives: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the agreement between traditional face-to-face Korean medicine (KM) pattern identification and non-face-to-face KM pattern identification using the data from related questionnaires, tongue image, and pulse features in patients with cancer. Methods: From January to June 2020, 16 participants with a cancer diagnosis were recruited at the one Korean medicine hospital. Three experienced Korean medicine doctors independently diagnosed the participants whether they belong to the cold pattern or not, heat pattern or not, deficiency pattern or not, and excess pattern or not. Another researcher collected KM pattern related data using questionnaires including Cold-Heat Pattern Identification (CHPI), tongue image analysis system, and pulse analyzer. Collected KM pattern related data without participants' identifier was provided for the three Korean medicine doctors in random order, and non-face-to-face KM pattern identification was carried out. The kappa value between face-to-face and non-face-to-face pattern identification was calculated. Results: From the face-to-face pattern identification, there were 13/3 cold/non-cold pattern, 4/12 heat/non-heat pattern, 14/2 deficiency/non-deficiency pattern, and 0/16 excess/non-excess pattern participants. In cold/non-cold pattern, kappa value was 0.455 (sensitivity: 0.85, specificity: 0.67, accuracy: 0.81). In heat/non-heat pattern, the kappa value was 0.429 (sensitivity: 0.75, specificity: 0.72, accuracy: 0.75). The kappa value of deficiency/non-deficiency and excess/non-excess pattern was not calculated because of the few participants of non-deficiency, and excess pattern. Conclusions: The agreement between traditional face-to-face pattern identification and non-face-to-face pattern identification seems to be moderate. The non-face-to-face pattern identification using questionnaires, tongue, and pulse features may feasible for the large clinical study.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 1993

Folate and iron nutrition was studied in a total of 122 pregnant, lactaging, and non-pregant, non-lactating Korean women, Serum folate levels were determined microbiologically using Lactobacillus casei(ATCC 7469), and serum iron levels was analyzed colormetrically. The average folate values of pregnant and lactating women were 5.42ng/ml and 4.14ng/ml, which were significantly lower than that of the non-pregnant, non-lactating women(7.06ng/ml). More than 1/3 of the total subjects were found to have serum folate levels lower than 3ng/ml, at which folate nutrition status can be considered inadequate. Serum iron values of pregnant(96.9ug/dl)and lactating women(93.9ug/dl) were not significantly different from that of the non-pregnant, non-lactating women (97.1ug/dl). There were however, more iron-deficient subjects in the pregnant gorup(17%) and the lactating group(19%) than in the non-pregnant, non-lactating group (8%). A statistically significant positive correlation was shown between the levels of serum folate and iron in lactating women(r=.9694, p<0.05). The results of our study document that folate deficiency is a nutritional problem as prevalent as iron deficiency in Korean women, especially during pregnancy and lactation. For these women a routine folate and iron supplementation might be necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.96-100
• /
• 1997

Tensile properties of carbon fiber reinforce composite laminates with non-woven carbon mat are evaluated in this paper. Composite laminates are made by inserting non-wovon carbon mat between layers, The specimens were cut and polished according to ASTM standard . Longitudinal and Transverse Young's modulus are obtained by tensile test. Young's moduli without non-woven carbon mat are compared with those with non-woven carbon mat. Longitudinal and Transverse tensile strength are also investigated. Experimental results show that the transverse Young's modulus of composite materials with non-woven carbon mat is about 10% higher than that of composite materials without non-woven carbon mat. Longitudinal tensile strength of composite materials with non-woven carbon mat is about 24% higher than that of composite materials without non-woven carbon mat. Transverse tensile strength and torughness also increase by inserting non-woven carbon mat between layers.