• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.2075-2092
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• 2017

Person re-identification is to match pedestrians observed from non-overlapping camera views. It has important applications in video surveillance such as person retrieval, person tracking, and activity analysis. However, it is a very challenging problem due to illumination, pose and viewpoint variations between non-overlapping camera views. In this work, we propose a viewpoint invariant method for matching pedestrian images using orientation of pedestrian. First, the proposed method divides a pedestrian image into patches and assigns angle to a patch using the orientation of the pedestrian under the assumption that a person body has the cylindrical shape. The difference between angles are then used to compute the similarity between patches. We applied the proposed method to real-time global multi-object tracking across multiple disjoint cameras with non-overlapping field of views. Re-identification algorithm makes global trajectories by connecting local trajectories obtained by different local trackers. The effectiveness of the viewpoint invariant method for person re-identification was validated on the VIPeR dataset. In addition, we demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach for the inter-camera multiple object tracking on the MCT dataset with ground truth data for local tracking.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.3686-3694
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• 1996

A numerical investigation of natural convection flow along irregular vertical surfaces is reported. A transformation method is applied to the problem of natural convection under the assumption of a large Grashof number. A vertical wavy surface is used as an example to demonstrate the advantages of the transformation method, and to show the heat transfer mechanism near such surfaces. Surface non-uniformities on the boundary layer flow induced by a constant was temperature, semi-infinite surface are investigated. Also the effects of Prandtl number, flow index, and surface amplitude in Non-Newtonian fluids are discussed. When possible, the comparison of the numerical results shows a good agreement. The amplitude is proportional to the amplitude of a wavy surface. The results demonstrate that the local heat flux along a wavy surface is smaller than that of a flat surface. The frequency of the wavy surface is half that of the local heat transfer rate. The amplitude of the local Nusselt number gradually decreases downstream where the natural convection boundary layer grows thick.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.1771-1777
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• 2012

The impact of anatomic resection (AR) as compared to non-anatomic resection (NAR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as a factor for preventing intra-hepatic and local recurrence after the initial surgical procedure remains controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis of nonrandomized trials comparing anatomic resection with non-anatomic resection for HCC published from 1990 to 2010 in PubMed and Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Science Citation Index were therefore performed. Intra-hepatic recurrence, including early and late, and local recurrence were considered as primary outcomes. As secondary outcomes, 5 year survival and 5 year disease-free survival were considered. Pooled effects were calculated utilizing either fixed effects or random effects models. Eleven non-randomized studies including 1,576 patients were identified and analyzed, with 810 patients in the AR group and 766 in the NAR group. Patients in the AR group were characterized by lower prevalence of cirrhosis, more favorable hepatic function, and larger tumor size and higher prevalence of macrovascular invasion compared with patients in the NAR group. Anatomic resection significantly reduced the risks of local recurrence and achieved a better 5 years disease-free survival. Also, anatomic resection was marginally effective for decreasing the early intra-hepatic recurrence. However, it was not advantageous in preventing late intra-hepatic recurrence compared with non-anatomic resection. No differences were found between AR and NAR with respect to postoperative morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization. Anatomic resection can be recommended as superior to non-anatomic resection in terms of reducing the risks of local recurrence, early intra-hepatic recurrence and achieving a better 5 year disease-free survival in HCC patients.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.371-389
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• 2014

이 연구는 '자치구가 아닌 구', 즉 일반구의 선거구획정에서 발생한 그리고 발생할 문제를 분석하는 것이다. 행정구역으로서 일반구는 분명 지방자치단체에 해당되지 않지만, 정부수립 이후 최근까지 여러 공직선거의 선거구획정에 있어 중요한 공간단위로 간주되어 왔다. 하지만 2012년 개정된 '공직선거법'은 투표가치에 대한 평등원칙을 보장하겠다는 이유로 자치구 시 군과는 다르게 일반구에서만 그 일부 지역을 분할 편입시키는 것을 가능하게 했고, 실제 몇몇 일반구에 적용되었다. 동법을 기초로 진행된 제19대 총선을 사례로, 이 연구는 첫째 분할 편입된 일반구 선거구는 기초자치단체 선거구와 비교했을 때 개별 도시 스케일에서는 투표등가치성이 일부 보완되었지만 전국 스케일에서는 오히려 상당히 훼손되었고, 둘째 동일한 일반구 중에서도 분할 편입은 차별적으로 적용 진행되었으며, 이러한 동법 개정과 적용의 차별은 지방행정체제 개편을 고려하면 다음 선거에서는 더욱더 심각한 투표등가치성 훼손을 발생시키게 될 것임을 지적한다. 마지막으로 최근 일반구의 선거구획정을 비롯한 현행 선거구획정 제도와 과정들이 우리정치의 개혁 대상으로 인식되면서 다양한 대안들이 제시되고 있지만, 이 연구는 투표평등권 지역대표성 게리맨더링의 방지 등 서로 충돌하는 여러 선거구획정 원칙과 가치 중에서 우선될 것을 선택하는 논의가 먼저 이루어져야 하고, 그것이 일반구 선거구획정에서 발생하는 문제를 푸는 실마리가 될 것이라고 주장한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.760-766
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• 2008

This paper proposes an efficient location technique to find an indoor location under the IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks. The proposed method is based on the range measurements obtained from a simple radio frequency propagation model. Thus, unlike the radio frequency fingerprint correlation method, it does not suffer from the computational burden during the real-time location service period and can quickly reply the location requests of many users at the same time. To increase the location accuracy in spite of the frequent non-line-of-sight error occurrences, the proposed method calibrates the distortion of the non-line-of-sight error by a simple measurement surveying procedure that does not require the surveyor's manual interaction. Experimental results show the capability of the proposed method.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2015년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.205-207
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 먼저 주성분 분석 (Principal components analysis, PCA) 을 활용한 Non-local means (NLM) 을 소개하고, 주성분 분석을 하기 위해 필수적인 공분산 행렬 계산을 효율적으로 하는 방법을 제안한다. NLM 에서의 Neighborhood patch 의 크기를 $S{\times}S=S^2$, 이미지 전체의 픽셀 수를 ${\mathcal{Q}}$ 일 때 공분한 행렬을 계산 하기 위해서는 $S^2{\times}{\mathcal{Q}}$ 크기를 가지는 행렬간의 곱 연산이 필요하다. 결론적으로 본 논문에서는 이 행렬의 크기를 줄임으로써 PSNR (Peak signal-to-noise ratio) 의 손실 없이 NLM 의 복잡도를 줄일 수 있음을 보여준다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제65권3호
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• pp.335-342
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• 2018

The transverse free vibration of chiral double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNTs) embedded in elastic medium is modeled by the non-local elasticity theory and Euler Bernoulli beam model. The governing equations are derived and the solutions of frequency are obtained. According to this study, the vibrational mode number, the small-scale coefficient, the Winkler parameter and chirality of double-walled carbon nanotube on the frequency ratio (xN) of the (DWCNTs) are studied and discussed. The new features of the vibration behavior of (DWCNTs) embedded in an elastic medium and the present solutions can be used for the static and dynamic analyses of double-walled carbon nanotubes.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.811-833
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• 2009

In the present article bending, buckling and vibration analyses of tapered beams using Eringen non-local elasticity theory are being carried out. The associated governing differential equations are solved employing Rayleigh-Ritz method. Both Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko beam theories are considered in the analyses. Present results are in good agreement with those reported in literature. Beam material is considered to be made up of functionally graded materials (fgms). Non-local analyses for tapered beam with simply supported - simply supported, clamped - simply supported and clamped - free boundary conditions are carried out and discussed. Further, effect of length to height ratio on maximum deflections, vibration frequencies and critical buckling loads are studied.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.515-545
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• 2015

The paper presents results of FE simulations of the strain-rate sensitive concrete behaviour under dynamic loading at the macroscopic level. To take the loading velocity effect into account, viscosity, stress modifications and inertial effects were included into a rate-independent elasto-plastic formulation. In addition, a decrease of the material stiffness was considered for a very high loading velocity to simulate fragmentation. In order to ensure the mesh-independence and to properly reproduce strain localization in the entire range of loading velocities, a constitutive formulation was enhanced by a characteristic length of micro-structure using a non-local theory. Numerical results were compared with corresponding laboratory tests and available analytical formulae.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1108-1118
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• 2019

Non-local means (NLM) algorithm is an effective and successful denoising method, but it is computationally heavy. To deal with this obstacle, we propose a novel NLM algorithm with fuzzy metric (FM-NLM) for image denoising in this paper. A new feature metric of visual features with fuzzy metric is utilized to measure the similarity between image pixels in the presence of Gaussian noise. Similarity measures of luminance and structure information are calculated using a fuzzy metric. A smooth kernel is constructed with the proposed fuzzy metric instead of the Gaussian weighted L2 norm kernel. The fuzzy metric and smooth kernel computationally simplify the NLM algorithm and avoid the filter parameters. Meanwhile, the proposed FM-NLM using visual structure preferably preserves the original undistorted image structures. The performance of the improved method is visually and quantitatively comparable with or better than that of the current state-of-the-art NLM-based denoising algorithms.