• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2015

Urea has been the most useful N-source, due to lower cost per unit of N. But nitrogen use efficiency of urea may be reduced because of losses from agricultural system by volatilization of ammonia to atmosphere. This study was conducted to evaluate the nitrogen efficiency and growth of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) by mixed treatment with nitrogen and zeolite. They were treated with N $161kg\;ha^{-1}$, N $230kg\;ha^{-1}$, nitrogenzeolite mixture (NZM) $161kg\;ha^{-1}$, NZM $230kg\;ha^{-1}$ and N $0kg\;ha^{-1}$, respectively. In the soil chemical properties after experiment, soil pH decreased but available $P_2O_5$, EC and total nitrogen increased in nitrogen-zeolite mixture treatment. $NO_3-N$ content in the soil showed the highest level in NZM $230kg\;ha^{-1}$. NZM $161kg\;ha^{-1}$ treatment increased growth and yield of hot pepper compared to urea alone. Nitrogen utilization efficiency of hot pepper plant was 47.15% at the treatment of NZM $161kg\;ha^{-1}$, while 36.74% at N $230kg\;ha^{-1}$. These results showed that application of mixture of nitrogen and zeolite had positive influence to improve the efficiency of nitrogen utilization and increase of red pepper yield.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.384-392
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• 2000

토양중 질산태 질소 함량이 $14{\sim}225mg\;kg^{-1}$의 범위를 갖는 시설재배지 9개 토양에서 배추를 공시작물로 하여 무비구, 3요소 표준시비량의 50%구, 100%구 및 150%구의 4개 시비수준에서 포트재배로 수량반응, 비료효과 및 시비효율 등을 검토하였다. 무비구 배추 건물중과 토양의 질산태 질소 함량은 유의성 있는 정의 상관을 나타냈고 시비구와 무비구의 건물중, 질소흡수량 및 질산태 질소흡수량의 차이로 평가한 비료효과 및 시비효율과는 유의성 있는 부의 상관을 보였다. 질산태 질소함량에 따른 시비수준별 건물중 반응의 관계로부터 표준시비량이 적용되는 질산태 질소의 하한기준은 $50mg\;kg^{-1}$ 미만으로 추정되었고, 질산태질소 함량과 비료효과 및 시비효율과의 회귀관계로부터 평가된 무비 재배를 위한 질산태 질소 함량은 $200mg\;kg^{-1}$ 이상으로 추정되었다. 따라서 시설재배지 토양중 질산태 질소 함량 $50mg\;kg^{-1}$에서 $200mg\;kg^{-1}$ 범위는 질소 표준시비량에 대한 비율로서 추천식은 $Y=-0.6667{\chi}+133.33$ 이었다 (Y:질소 표준시비량에 대한 %, ${\chi}$: 시험전 토양의 $NO_3-Nmg\;kg^{-1}$).

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2005

This study was conducted to establish the elaborate nitrogen fertilization method to enhance N use efficiency in direct-seeded rice on flooded paddy. The nitrogen uptake by rice plants was insignificant until 25 days after seeding, and increased gradually thereafter. During this early growth stage, rice plants absorbed only the $4\%$ of basal applied N, while the $45\%$ of N fertilizer remained in the paddy soil. The absorption of basal N by rice plants was almost completed at 46 days after application. Nitrogen top-dressed at 5-leaf stage was well matched to crop nutrient demand, so it could be absorbed so actively in 8days after application. As a result, we could cut down the amount of N fertilizer to $36\%$ of the basal N level without significant difference in yield. Plant recoveries of fertilizer $^{15}N$ applied with different application timings were $7.8\%$ for basal, $9.4\%$ for 5-leaf stage, $17.1\%$ for tillering stage, and $23.4\%$ for panicle initiation stage, respectively. When urea was applied with nitrogen fertilization practice based on basal incorporation (BN), plant recovery of $^{15}N$ at harvest was $31.0\%$, which was originated from $13.7\%$ for grain, and $21.3\%$ of the fertilizer $^{15}N$ remained in the soil, and the rest could be uncounted. Plant recovery of fertilizer $^{15}N$ applied with nitrogen fertilization practice based on topdressing at 5-leaf stage (TN), where N rate was reduced by $18\%$ compared with BN, was $35.1\%$ (grain $15.6\%$), and $19.9\%$ of the fertilizer $^{15}N$ remained in the soil, and the rest could be uncounted. TN showed a higher $^{15}N$ recovery than BN because it was to apply N fertilizer at a time to well meet the demand of rice plant direct-seeded on flooded paddy. We concluded that TN would be the nitrogen fertilization method to enhance N use efficiency in direct-seeded rice on flooded paddy.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2014

본 연구는 규산질 비료와 질소 비료 혼용이 한국잔디의 생육과 질소비료 효율에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 수행하였다. 한국잔디의 초장, 지상부, 포복경과 지하부의 생체중과 건물중, 지상부 개체수, 포복경 길이는 규산질 비료 400 kg/10a와 질소비료 24 kg/10a을 혼합시비 하였을 때 질소비료의 24 kg/10a 단용처리구보다 증가하였고, 규산질 비료와 질소비료 18 kg/10a은 질소비료의 24 kg/10a 단용 처리구와 유의성이 없었다. 규산질 비료와 질소비료를 혼합하여 시비했을 경우 질소비료 약 25-30% 절감효과가 있는 것으로 판단되었으며, 토양 내 유효 규산과 유기물의 함량은 규산질 비료 시비를 하지 않은 것보다 시비를 하였을 때 더 높게 나타나 규산질 비료가 한국잔디의 생장과 밀도를 높였으며 토양의 화학적 특성에 중요한 요소로 작용하였다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

요소는 가장 보편적인 질소비료 중 하나인데 빠른 가수분해와 환경으로의 질소 손실로 인해 작물에 질소 이용효율이 낮다. 따라서 요소 비료에서 질소 방출을 제어하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 토양의 요소가수분해효소를 억제하여 요소에서 과도한 질소 용출을 방지하기 위해 목초액을 처리하였다. 목초액의 유효성분은 목초액을 처리하지 않은 토양에 비해 암모늄태 질소의 추출량을 79.7% 감소시켜 토양에서 요소의 암모니아화를 억제한 것으로 나타났다. 목초액이 요소의 시비 효율에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 요소와 목초액을 처리한 토양에서 배추(Brassica campestris var. Pekinensis)를 각각 포트와 포장에서 재배하였다. 목초액을 요소와 같이 처리했을 때 관행적으로 사용하는 요소량의 반을 사용하였으며 관행과 비교하여 유사한 배추 생체중을 보였다. 배추의 질소 함량은 목초액 처리구에서 낮아 배추가 질소를 효율적으로 사용한 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 요소를 목초액의 유효성분과 같이 처리하면 시비량과 시비 횟수를 감소시킬 수 있다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2009

혼합유기질비료 시용 후 벼 재배시 무기태질소 함 량, 질소이용율, 수량 등을 조사하여 질소 화학비료 대체 가능성을 검토코자, 화학비료 3요소구, 혼합유기질비료 0, 100, 150% 시용구 등 5처리를 두어 2006년도에 시험을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 혼합유기질비료 100% 시용구 토양 중 $NH_4-N$ 함량은 대조구에 비해 많았으며 표면수에서도 같은 경향이었다. 시험후 토양 중 Av. $P_2O_5$ 함량은 대조구에 비해 혼합유기질비료 100% 시용구에서 많았으나 Ex. K 함량은 적었다. 수도체 중 질소이용율은 혼합유기질비료 100% 시용구가 대조구에 비해 높아 질소 화학비료 대체 가능성이 있었다. 이앙 후 30일, 60일에서 경수는 혼합유기질비료 100% 시용구가 대조구 보다 많았다. 혼합유기질비료 중 질소 함량과 단백질 함량과는 정의 상관, 식미치와는 고도의 부의 상관, 완전립 비율과는 부의 상관이 있었다. 혼합유기질 비료 100% 시용구의 쌀 수량은 대조구 $4,892kg\;ha^{-1}$에 비해 4% 증가하였다. 벼 재배시 대조구의 쌀 수량과 대등한 혼합유기질비료의 시용량은 [질소 토양검정시비량 ${\div}$ 혼합유기질비료질소함량 $(g\;kg^{-1})/1,000{\times}0.93)/1,000$]으로 산출되었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1999년도 춘계 학술대회지
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• pp.84-85
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• 1999

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2007년도 6th OSONG INTERNATIONAL BIO-SYMPOSIUM
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• pp.205.1-205.1
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• 2007

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2009

The aims of this study is to examine the effects of the changes in HRT(Hydraulic Retention Time) and media charge in a water-mill, among other operation factors, on the nitrogen and phosphorus removal in order to use up-flow anaerobic reactors, anoxic reactors and water-mill aerobic reactors for sewage treatment. The extension of HRT improved the nitrogen removal efficiency, however the removal pattern was constant regardless of HRT. The removal of phosphorus was constant (80%-90%) regardless of the change in HRT. The removal rate with change in influx load varied such that at the OLR (Organic Load Rate) of 1-3 kg/d, the T-N removal efficiency was 80.7%-88.9% and the T-P removal efficiency was 82.9%-89.3% while at the NLR (Nitrogen Loading Rate) of 0.108-0.156 kg/d the removal efficiencies were 80.7-88.9% (T-N) and 82.9-89.3% (T-P). The analyses of the nitrogen and phosphorous removal characteristics with the C/N and C/P ratio showed that the mean T-N removal rate was 88% at the C/N ratio of 1.2-2.6, and that the mean T-P removal rate was 86% at the C/P ratio of 7.2-14.1. Also, the analysis of nitrogen and phosphorous removal characteristics were analyzed in relation to media charge. The comparison between with and without media charge in the water-mill showed that while the nitrogen removal efficiencies were 86-94% and 85-89% respectively, the difference of phosphorous removal efficiencies were between the two conditions was not significant, thus it suggested that the media charge has less effect on the removal efficiency of phosphorous compared to that of nitrogen.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.1096-1103
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• 1999

A study was conducted to clarify the impact of recombinant porcine somatotropin (pST) on the efficiency of absorbed nitrogen use for protein deposition in growing pigs. Three levels of dietary crude protein (9.0, 11.5, 14.0% CP) were used. Each had either a sub-optimum or near optimum lysine: CP concentration (Low-lysine, 3.8 g/100 g CP and High-lysine, 5.5 g/100g CP) in order to achieve different metabolic efficiencies for nitrogen deposition (ca. 45 vs. 60%). Twelve crossbred female pigs $(59{\pm}4kg\;BW)$ were placed in metabolism cages and fitted with bladder catheters. Each pig received an excipient injection daily for the first 10-d, a pST (5 mg/d) injection for the second 10-d, and then excipient for the last 10-d. Pigs were randomly assigned to one of six dietary treatments (2 pigs/diet) and fed 4 times per d at $92g/kg\;BW^{0.75}$ $(3{\times}maintenance)$. Means for the excipient period were compared to means for the pST period. Urinary nitrogen (N) output declined in pST-treated pigs (p<0.01) irrespective of dietary protein content or lysine level. Nitrogen retention increased by an average of 11% (p<0.01) with pST treatment (726 vs. $803mg\;N/kg^{0.75}\;BW/d$). Forty-eight percent of the absorbed N was retained with Low-lysine diets, but this increased to 53% with pST injection (+11%, p<0.01). Pigs fed High-lysine diets retained 62% of absorbed N which increased to 69% with pST (+11% p<0.01). the addition of lysine improved N use by 27% (High vs. Low, p<0.01), but the effect of lysine and pST was additive (+40%). Therefore, pST improves N retention and the efficiency of apparently absorbed N use in growing pigs (>60kg). It does so with diets having the potential for either low or high efficiencies of N use (48% and 62%). More work is needed to determine if the partial efficiency of N use improves in direct proportion to pST dose since the improvement in protein deposition is a function of pST dose.