• 제목/요약/키워드: nine pattern

검색결과 419건 처리시간 0.026초

3상 매트릭스 컨버터의 고효율 변조방법 설계 및 시뮬레이션 (Design and Simulation of High Efficiency PWM Modulation Method for Three-phase Matrix Converter)

  • 임현주;차한주
    • 전력전자학회논문지
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.337-344
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    • 2012
  • A matrix converter is used for converting AC/AC power directly. In order to generate sinusoidal input/output waveform in matrix converter, it uses nine bidirectional switches and PWM modulation. This paper presents an analytical averaged loss model of matrix converter with DDPWM(direct duty ratio PWM) and proposes a new switching method for reducing switching losses. A Mathematical loss models with average magnitude of voltage/current are classed as conduction and switching loss. The proposed switching pattern is improved with existing DDPWM. To prove improved efficiency with proposed DDPWM, this paper compares losses between suggested switching pattern and conventional switching pattern using mathematical and simulation method. Each loss types are influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, switching frequency, output current and modulation method.

팔각 패턴을 이용한 고속 움직임 추정 알고리즘 (Fast Motion Estimation Algorithm Using Octagon Pattern)

  • 박동민;곽통일;황보현;윤종호;최명렬
    • 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전자공학회 2008년도 하계종합학술대회
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    • pp.783-784
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    • 2008
  • Block-matching motion estimation plays an important role in video coding. In this paper, we propose fast motion estimation algorithm using octagon pattern for low complexity. Proposed algorithm carries out minimum SAD point among nine regions divided by octagon pattern and center point. Experimental results show that proposed algorithm has better performance than conventional method through quantitative analysis.

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Closure Duration and Pitch as Phonetic Cues to Korean Stop Identity in AP Medial Position: Production Test

  • Kang, Hyun-Sook;Dilley, Laura
    • 음성과학
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.7-19
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    • 2007
  • The present study investigated some phonetic attributes which distinguish two Korean stop types $^-aspirated$ and $lax^-$ in a prosodic position which has previously received little attention, namely medial in an accentual phrase. The intonational pattern across syllables which are initial in an accentual phrase (Jun, 1993) is said to depend on the type of stop (aspirated or lax), while that of syllables which are medial in an accentual phrase are not. In Experiment 1, nine native Korean speakers read sentences with a controlled prosodic pattern in which aspirated or lax stops occurred in accentual phrase-medial position. Acoustic analysis revealed significant differences between aspirated and lax stops in closure duration, voice-onset time, and fundamental frequency (F0) values for post-stop vowels. The results indicate that a wider range of acoustic cues distinguish aspirated and lax Korean stops than previously demonstrated. Phonetic and phonological models of consonant-tone interactions for Korean will need to be revised to account for these results.

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설악산국립공원의 탐방 패턴 (Visiting Pattern in Soraksan National Park)

  • 오구균;임윤희
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.480-485
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    • 1998
  • 설악산국립공원의 탐방객 수는 1990년부터 1997년까지 연평균 3%의 증가율을 보이고 있고 전체 탐방객 중 79%가 접근성이 용이하고 편의시설이 잘 갖추어진 외설악지구로 탐방하고 있었다. 외설악지구의 설악동매표소를 통과한 탐방객 중 정상을 향한 등반비율은 6~17%수준이었고 그 나머지는 가까운 거리의 울산바위나 비선대, 마등령 방향으로 등반하고 하산하는 것으로 나타났다. 오색매표소에서 대청봉으로의 등반객 수는 여름철보다 가을철에 더 많았다. 설악산국립공원에서의 탐방객의 통행패턴은 지역별, 계절별, 요일별로 차이가 있었다.

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Q, R, S 피크 변화에 따른 개인별 ECG 신호의 패턴 분석 (Pattern Analysis of Personalized ECG Signal by Q, R, S Peak Variability)

  • 조익성;권혁숭;김주만;김선종;김병철
    • 한국정보통신학회논문지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.192-200
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    • 2015
  • 부정맥 분류를 위한 기존 연구들은 특정 ECG 데이터에 종속적으로 개발되었기 때문에 다른 환경에 적용할 경우 그 성능에 변화가 많아 임상 적용에 한계가 있다. 즉, 생체 신호의 특성상 개인 간의 차이가 있음에도 불구하고, 일반적인 ECG 신호의 판단규칙에 따라 진단을 수행하기 때문이다. 또한 이러한 대부분의 방법들은 P, Q, R, S, T 지점의 정확한 측정을 필요로 하며, 데이터의 가공 및 연산이 복잡하다. 따라서 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해서는 개인별 특성을 가진 ECG 데이터를 분석하여 최소한의 특징점을 추출함으로써 그에 따른 패턴을 분류하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이상 심전도와 같은 다양한 신호를 고려하여 Q, R, S 피크 변화에 따른 개인별 ECG 신호의 패턴 분석기법을 제안한다. 이를 위해 전처리를 통해 잡음이 제거된 심전도 신호에서 R파를 검출하고 Q, R, S의 진폭과 위상변화에 따른 8개의 특징점을 추출하였다. 이후 각 특징점의 피크 변화와 형태에 따른 ECG 신호를 분석하고 부정맥 유형에 따른 9가지 패턴을 정의하였다. 제안한 방법의 우수성을 입증하기 위해 43개의 MIT-BIH 레코드를 대상으로 Normal, PVC, PAC, LBBB, RBBB, Paced Beat의 각 패턴을 분석하였다. 실험결과 9가지 패턴에 대한 검출율은 93.72%로 우수하게 나타났다.

인체와 의복과의 공간적 감각에 따른 실루엣 변화에 관한 연구 - 남성복 상의원형을 대상으로 - (Simulation on Silhouette Variations According to Vacant Space Quantity between Body and Clothing -Focused on Men's Upper Body-)

  • 최미성
    • 한국의류산업학회지
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.225-230
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    • 2005
  • This research was undertaken to compare basic bodice prototypes for Internet shopping customer, and to select a profitable fit vacant space quantity between clothing and body. A total one hundred of eighteen outfits (4 types of pattern ${\times}$ 9 subjects ${\times}$5 body areas) were constructed with basic bodice drafting method of Japan Bunka Women's University according to nine male body types. Fifty-two experts analysis of the different prototypes as five body area and evaluate the most appropriate ease amount and stabilization of the simulation images on the computer. The experiments with automated methods using simulation image are based on AZ program of TORAY, Japan. Data was analyzed using percentiles, frequency and $X^2$. Taken together, the present result of vacant space quantity and stability evaluation through images shows that there is a significant difference in the size variation of the chest circumference, shoulder slope and waist circumference. In case of ease amount, chest area, shoulder slope, waist area and armhole except neckline area were shown more appropriate on the basic bodice pattern without size change. In case of stabilization, the chest area, shoulder slope and armhole except waist area and neckline area was shown the best on the basic bodice pattern without size change. However the waist area was shown on the basic bodice pattern plus 2 cm, neckline was shown more appropriate on the basic bodice pattern plus 1cm.

APCC 다중 모형 자료 기반 계절 내 월 기온 및 강수 변동 예측성 (Prediction Skill of Intraseasonal Monthly Temperature and Precipitation Variations for APCC Multi-Models)

  • 송찬영;안중배
    • 대기
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.405-420
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    • 2020
  • In this study, we investigate the predictability of intraseasonal monthly temperature and precipitation variations using hindcast datasets from eight global circulation models participating in the operational multi-model ensemble (MME) seasonal prediction system of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Climate Center for the 1983~2010 period. These intraseasonal monthly variations are defined by categorical deterministic analysis. The monthly temperature and precipitation are categorized into above normal (AN), near normal (NN), and below normal (BN) based on the σ-value ± 0.43 after standardization. The nine patterns of intraseasonal monthly variation are defined by considering the changing pattern of the monthly categories for the three consecutive months. A deterministic and a probabilistic analysis are used to define intraseasonal monthly variation for the multi-model consisting of numerous ensemble members. The results show that a pattern (pattern 7), which has the same monthly categories in three consecutive months, is the most frequently occurring pattern in observation regardless of the seasons and variables. Meanwhile, the patterns (e.g., patterns 8 and 9) that have consistently increasing or decreasing trends in three consecutive months, such as BN-NN-AN or AN-NN-BN, occur rarely in observation. The MME and eight individual models generally capture pattern 7 well but rarely capture patterns 8 and 9.

서해안 무창포와 마염리의 조간대 해조 군집구조의 분석 (Structure Analysis of Intertidal Algal Communities in Muchangpo and Maryangri, Western Coast of Korea)

  • 유종수
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.225-236
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    • 1990
  • Intertidal algal communities of Muchangpo and Maryangri in western coast of Korea were investigated qualitatively and quantitatively. Seasonal assessments of species composition, biomass, dominant species in biomass and vertical distributional pattern were conducted from July 1986 to April 1988. Ninety-nine species of marine algae (13 Cyanophyta, 12 Chlorophyta, 24 Phaeophyta and 50 Rhodophyta) were observed, of which 90 (13 Cyanophyta, 11 Chlorophyta, 23 Phaeophyta and 43 Rhodophyta) were from Muchangpo and 83 (10 Cyanophyta, 11 Chlorophyta, 21 Phaeophyta and 41 Rhodophyta) were from Maryangri, respectively. Ordination by detrended correspondence analysis based on the floristic data from nine localities indicated that, on the whole, marine algal distribution in western coast of Korea might be divided into two regions, i.e. the north and the south, being separated at the Taean Peninsula, the mid-western coast. Seasonal fluctuations of mean biomass were 44.55-201.19g-dry wt/$m^2$ at Muchangpo and 19.59-134.76g-dry wt/$m^2$ at Maryangri. Important species determined by the specific proportion of biomass were Sargassum thunbergii, Pelvetia siliquosa and Corallina pilulifera at Muchangpo, and Sargassum thunbergii and Corallina pilulifera at Maryangri.

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Shear behaviour of RC T-beams strengthened with U-wrapped GFRP sheet

  • Panda, K.C.;Bhattacharyya, S.K.;Barai, S.V.
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.149-166
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    • 2012
  • This paper presents an experimental investigation on the performance of 2.5 m long reinforced concrete (RC) T-beams strengthened in shear using epoxy bonded glass fibre fabric. Eighteen (18) full scale, simply supported RC T-beams are tested. Nine beams are used as control beam specimens with three different stirrups spacing without glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheet and rest nine beams are strengthened in shear with one, two, and three layers of GFRP sheet in the form of U-jacket around the web of T-beams for each type of stirrup spacing. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness, the cracking pattern and modes of failure of the GFRP strengthened RC T-beams. The test result indicates that for RC T-beams strengthened in shear with U-jacketed GFRP sheets, increase the load carrying capacity by 10-46%.

Development of dietary pattern evaluation tool for adults and correlation with Dietary Quality Index

  • Lee, Yeo Do;Kim, Kyung Won;Choi, Kyung-Suk;Kim, Misung;Cho, Yeo Jin;Sohn, Cheongmin
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.305-312
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    • 2016
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: As the prevalence of chronic diseases has risen, the need for straightforward diagnostic tools for monitoring nutrition status to improve nutrition counseling and disease prevention has likewise increased. This study developed an easily usable dietary behavior pattern diagnosis checklist and investigated its correlation with dietary quality index. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A draft dietary pattern evaluation tool was generated by analyzing previous studies. The draft questionnaire comprised 61 questions for assessing dietary habits. A survey was administered to 320 adults (19 to 64 years old) using the dietary pattern evaluation tool and 24-hour-recall method between March and May of 2014 in Jeonbuk province and the metropolitan area. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to identify dietary behavior patterns. Nutritional analysis was conducted using CAN-Pro 4.0, and the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) was calculated to assess dietary quality. The correlation between dietary pattern scores and DQI-I scores was also analyzed. RESULTS: The factor analysis resulted in a total of 34 questions mapped to four main dietary behavior patterns: "high fat and calorie" pattern (12 questions), "overeating/binge" pattern (nine questions), "dietary impulse" pattern (eight questions), and "unbalanced food intake" pattern (five questions). The four dietary behavior patterns were negatively correlated with DQI-I adequacy and total scores (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The dietary pattern evaluation tool developed in this study can be used to diagnose a client's dietary behavior problems and is available as a nutrition counseling tool in the field.