Nutrition Research and Practice

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Development of dietary pattern evaluation tool for adults and correlation with Dietary Quality Index

  • Lee, Yeo Do (Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Kim, Kyung Won (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women's University) ;
  • Choi, Kyung-Suk (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daejin University) ;
  • Kim, Misung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Cho, Yeo Jin (Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Sohn, Cheongmin (Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University)
  • Received : 2015.07.03
  • Accepted : 2015.02.25
  • Published : 2016.06.01
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Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: As the prevalence of chronic diseases has risen, the need for straightforward diagnostic tools for monitoring nutrition status to improve nutrition counseling and disease prevention has likewise increased. This study developed an easily usable dietary behavior pattern diagnosis checklist and investigated its correlation with dietary quality index. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A draft dietary pattern evaluation tool was generated by analyzing previous studies. The draft questionnaire comprised 61 questions for assessing dietary habits. A survey was administered to 320 adults (19 to 64 years old) using the dietary pattern evaluation tool and 24-hour-recall method between March and May of 2014 in Jeonbuk province and the metropolitan area. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to identify dietary behavior patterns. Nutritional analysis was conducted using CAN-Pro 4.0, and the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) was calculated to assess dietary quality. The correlation between dietary pattern scores and DQI-I scores was also analyzed. RESULTS: The factor analysis resulted in a total of 34 questions mapped to four main dietary behavior patterns: "high fat and calorie" pattern (12 questions), "overeating/binge" pattern (nine questions), "dietary impulse" pattern (eight questions), and "unbalanced food intake" pattern (five questions). The four dietary behavior patterns were negatively correlated with DQI-I adequacy and total scores (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The dietary pattern evaluation tool developed in this study can be used to diagnose a client's dietary behavior problems and is available as a nutrition counseling tool in the field.

Keywords

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