• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.305-323
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• 2008

Climate change is one of the broadest and the most complex issues of international environmental cooperation. Concern about climate change has been steadily increasing and has become a worldwide issue. According to IPCC(Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change)'s recently report, global warming has accelerated vest serious problems. GHG(Green House Gas) emissions trading schemes, including the Kyoto mechanism that spread to solving the problems. Based on the evaluation on GHG emissions trading schemes, we also find some policy implications on the future development of emissions trading the conventional air pollutants in Korea which start to 2007. The regulatory authority needs to make clear how to allocate allowances to new entrants and also to keep the balance between the opportunity costs of reduction between potential shutdown facilities and new entrants. Under the current rule that does not allow shutdown credits, an equivalent level of allowances needs to be allocated to new entrants free of charge. We believe our policy recommendations may be useful not only for Korea but also for a the other countries, since they are facing a similar policy environment as Korea, particularly in the case of climate change.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 1995

A new dyeing M/C, called Green-flow was developed in this study. A new M/C was applied to mixed air flow method combined aerodynamic technology to fabric speed power. The polyester fabric was dyed of beige color with a new M/C and Luft-roto dyeing M/C made by Thies Company(German) with the same dyeing condition (liquor ratio=1 : 3.5, Fabric speed = 450yds/min.) for comparision. The results showed that the color fastness to dye and drapability of the fabrics dyed with both M/C were almost the same and the levelness and T.H.V of the fabrics dyed with Greenflow were better than those dyed with Luft-roto M/C. In addition, it is found that the fabric speed of 502yds/min was a suitable for both M/C.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.595-608
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• 2013

This paper is proposed the computation method of moored ship motion considering harbor resonance, and estimated that the harbor resonance have an effect on moored ship motion. The computation of harbor resonance was used CGWAVE model and the computation of moored sip motion was used the Green function method expressed by three dimensions. This method was verified with the field observation data of moored ship motion, and the application of actual harbor was investigated with wave field data and down time record data in Pohang New Harbor. The resonance periods in Pohang New Harbor that obtained from wave field data were 80, 33, 23, 8 minute, which are the long waves, and 42, 54, 60 second, which are the infra-gravity waves inside harbor slip. The simulated results of harbor resonance were corresponded with the wave field data. This study was investigated on 5,000 ton, 10,000 ton and 30,000 ton ship sized in Pier 8 of Pohang New Harbor that the harbor resonance has effect on moored ship motion from simulated results of ship motion in case of included resonance and excluded resonance. In case of included resonance, the ship motion have increased by 12~400 percent when compared with results of excluded resonance. We could find that the harbor resonance have still more an effect on the surge and heave motions of a large size ship and the roll and yaw motions of a small size ship.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2013

This study investigated Chinese Laws on the kind of urban green spaces and the legal requirements for the green spaces of urban habitat and analyzed the specificities of them intending to provide basic data to suggest bringing in or not the relevant Chinese Laws to Korea. This study can be summarized as follows: First, the concept of Chinese urban green spaces(g.s.) classified by 5 kinds(park g.s., production g.s., protection g.s., attachment g.s., the others g.s.) placed the park and green spaces in the same category unlike the Korean urban green spaces that only distinguishes between park and green spaces. The Chinese Urban Park is classified by 4 kinds(composite park, community park, special park, linear park) at the 'Standard for urban green spaces classification' which is below in rank of the legal system. Second, in case of calculation for green spaces ratio of urban green spaces in China, the green rooftop landscaping area should not be included as a green spaces area except the rooftop of a basement or semi basement building to which residents have easy access. The green spaces requirements and compulsory secure ratio by 3 habitat kinds(habitat, small habit, minimum habitat) of when to act as a residential plan is regulated. Third, the green spaces system is obligated to establish at habitat green spaces plan and is specified to conserve and improve existing trees and green spaces. The green spaces ratio on reconstruction for old habitat is relaxed to be lower than for new habitat and a gradient of green spaces is peculiarly clarified. The details and requirements for establishment and the minimum area intending for each classes of the central green spaces(habitat park, children park, minimum habitat's green spaces) are regulated. Especially at a garden style of minimum habitat's green spaces, intervals between the south and north houses and a compulsory security for green spaces area classifying into two groups(closing type green spaces and open type green spaces) by a middle-rise or high-rise building are clarified. System of calculation for green spaces area is presented at a special regulation. Fourth, a general index(area/person) of public green spaces within habitat to achieve by 3 habitat kinds is determined, in this case, the index on reconstruction for a deterioration zone can be relaxed to be lower to the extent of a specified quantity. A location and scale, minimum width and minimum area per place of public green spaces are regulated. A space plot principle including adjacent to a road, greening area ratio against total area, security of open space and the shadow line boundary of sunshine are also regulated to intend for public green spaces. Fifth, the minimum horizontal distance between the underground cables and the surrounding greening trees are regulated as the considerable items for green spaces when setting up the underground cables. The principle to establish green spaces within public service facilities is regulated according to the kind of service contents. It shall be examined in order to import or not the special regulations that only exist in Chinese Laws but not in Korean Laws. The result of this study will contribute to gain the domestic landscape architect's' sympathy of the research related to Chinese urban green spaces laws requiring immediate attention and will be a good chance to advance into the internationalization of Korean Landscape Architectural Laws.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.981-986
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• 2012

To produce a new tea with a good flavor and functional properties using green tea of low quality, naked barley and barley were selected to blend with the green tea. The simultaneous distillation extraction method (SDE) using Likens and Nickerson's extraction apparatus was used to extract the volatile flavor compounds from the samples. The concentrated flavor extracts were analyzed and identified by GC and GC-MS. The GC patterns of the flavor components in two parched barleys were very different. The main volatile flavor components in two of the samples were alkyl pyrazines. Compounds including 3-methylbutanal, 2-methylbutanal, dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2,5-dimethyl pyrazine, and 3-ethyl-2.5-dimethyl pyrazine were isolated from the naked barley. Compounds including thiophenes, thiazoles, sulfides, and pyrroles with burnt odor were isolated from the barley. The parched naked barley was better than barley for adding to green tea. The main aroma components of the green tea blended with the naked barley were hexanol, hexanal, trans-2-hexenal, ${\beta}$-ionone, ${\alpha}$-ionone, alkyl pyrazines, 3-methylbutanal, 2-methylbutanal, and furfural.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.75-81
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• 2010

Existing studies on the bicycle road were mostly for the promotion of bicycle road through the creation of bicycle road. However, as the gradually increase of bicycle users, it has been required service based on low carbon green growth in order to promote the use of bicycles which are green means of transportation. Analysis of existing bicycle use information is mainly based on calculating the amount of exercise, so the diverse needs of bicycle user does not accommodated. Therefore, in this study, it is proposed that methodology compute to reduce cost or amount of carbon dioxide, fuel, and processing costs of global warming by using bicycle. For this, a program is implemented to display bicycle use information provided in the form of GPX based on Google Earth in three-dimensional environment and to service based on low carbon, green growth. The developed program is compared with existing commercial software. Through this study, new services have been developed to carry out low carbon and green growth in terms of bicycle users, and it is considered that the services can be applied to devices such as smart phones.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.77-84
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• 2007

This study aims to analyze temporal variation of rural tourist potential in village level. In order to analyze the temporal variation, this study applied a green-tourism potential evaluation model(GPEM) to a study area, Namilmyun with 18 villages, which located on county of Kumsan, province of Chungnam. GPEM consists of two factors about human resources, which is quantified by resident population of the village who will be participated in village management for green-tourism, and amenity resources, which is calculated by an evaluation table with 31 criteria and their weighting values. Data surveying for the study area was performed at August 2003 and 2006, respectively, in order to quantity the 31 evaluation criteria of GPEM. From the analysis results, the amenity resources with three sub-classes of industrial, natural, and social resources showed that the evaluation values of 2006 were increased in more than those of 2003, displaying the increase rate of ranging from 108% to 112% in the three sub-classes, except of one village in social resources and three village in natural resources with reduction. In human resources, the evaluation values of 2006 were highly increased more than those of 2003, showing the rate of 556% in the gradient of linear regression line. In green tourism potential in each village, the evaluation results for two time series showed that the potential is increased by time, which the increase rate of the potential is 114%. Ultimately, the results of this study enable us to realize that the green-tourism potential in each village over time is increased, for example, due to developing new facilities in the village by investment of government and participating in rural tourism by resident people over time. From the analysis and results, the methodology of this study can be applied to analyze the temporal variation of the potential for villages having investment from government.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.377-383
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• 2013

Premature-green rice is typically obtained by early harvest when culms of rice still appear green in color, and the rice and its food products have been considered as wellbeing foods. This study was carried out to determine the quality characteristics of cookies made from flour added with 10, 20, and 30% whole green rice powde r(WGRP) of two kinds of Hopum and Shinsun waxy rice. The quality characteristics of cookies, including pH, spread factor, color, hardness, and sensory properties, were estimated. WGRP with different levels of 10, 20, and 30% was added into powder for preparing cookies, and their quality properties were evaluated. The pH and hardness of the cookies increased, while spread factor showed highest added with 20% Hopum and Shinsun waxy rice. The color (L) of cookies decreased 20% added with Hopum and Shinsun waxy rice. The sensory properties of cookies was highest added with 20% Hopum and 10% Shinsun waxy rice. The result of this study suggest that addition of 20% Hopum and 10% Shinsun waxy rice are available rice cookies. It was concluded that WGRP may have a potential in bakery industry as a new food material.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.9-14
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• 2009

A variety of Certification systems are initiated, as increased demands for housing quality of building & house owner. New building and apartment built in Seoul metropolitan should acquire Building Energy Rating System and Housing Performance Grade indication System, Green Building Certification System. Building Energy Rating System could be acquired through the certification from energy performance index of environment grade in Housing Performance Grade Indication. Between Housing Performance Grade Indication and Green Building Certification System, There are troublesome to acquire certification because a lot of assessment items are overlapped. At a result, the rational and efficient certification system should be initiated not only to avoid overlap among those certification systems and promote Green Building market share but also efficient certification system operation. We will discuss on assessment items between Housing Performance Grade Indication System and Green Building Certification System and release the improvement method those Certification Systems to avoid overlapping to assessment items.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.72-72
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• 2017

We found a new stay-green mutant from 'Pyeongwon' which is an early-maturing rice variety in Korea. The mutant showed green leaves after grain ripening period and it maintained higher SPAD value than wild type rice plant and original variety 'Pyeongwon'. The stay-green trait in rice, three genes have been identified up to date. The non-yellow coloring1 (NYC1) gene encodes a chloroplast-localized short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) with three transmembrane domains. The non-yellow coloring3 (NYC3) gene encodes a plastid-localizing alpha/beta hydrolase-fold family protein with an esterase/lipase motif. The Sgr gene encodes a novel chloroplast protein and regulates the destabilization of the light-harvesting chlorophyll binding protein (LHCP) complexes of the thylakoid membranes, which is a prerequisite event for the degradation of chlorophylls and LHCPs during senescence. After sequencing the PCR products, we found a single nucleotide variation($A{\rightarrow}T$) in the NYC1 gene, which changes the amino acid lysine to methionine. The NYC1 gene encodes a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase(SDR) protein. And we confirmed the co-segregation between SNP and stay-green trait from genotyping the progenies of the mutant.