• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• 제13권1_2호
• /
• pp.125-138
• /
• 2003

Some Riccati type difference inequalities are established for the second-order nonlinear difference equations with negative neutral term $\Delta$(a(n)$\Delta$(x(n) - px(n-$\tau$))) + f(n, x($\sigma$(n))) = 0 using these inequalities we obtain some oscillation criteria for the above equation.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• 제61권3호
• /
• pp.559-581
• /
• 2021

In this paper, we establish the existence of solutions and the approximate controllability for the semilinear neutral differential control system under natural assumptions such as the local Lipschitz continuity of nonlinear term. First, we deal with the regularity of solutions of the neutral control system using fractional powers of operators. We also consider the approximate controllability for the semilinear neutral control equation, with a control part in place of a forcing term, using conditions for the range of the controller without the inequality condition as in previous results.

• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.631-637
• /
• 2014

In this paper, we construct some results on the existence and regularity for solutions of neutral functional differential equations with unbounded principal operators in Hilbert spaces. In order to establish the existence and regularity for solutions of the neutral system by using fractional power of operators and the local Lipschtiz continuity of nonlinear term without using many of the strong restrictions considering in the previous literature.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표논문집(II)
• /
• pp.462-467
• /
• 1998

A rational method for prediction of long-term deflections of reinforced concrete beams under sustained loads was proposed. Strain and stress distributions of uncracked and fully cracked sections after creep and shrinkage were determined from the requirements of strain compatibility and force equilibrium of a section, and then long-term deflections were calculated from the section analysis results. In fully cracked section analysis, noncoincidence of the neutral axis of strain and the neutral axis of stress after creep and shrinkage was taken into account. The accuracy of the proposed method was verified by comparison with several experimental measurements of beam deflections. The proposed approximate procedure gave the better predictions than the existing approximate methods. At the same time, the proposed method also retained simplicity of the calculation, since maximum long-term deflection could be obtained without tedious integration of the curvatures.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• 제16권1_2호
• /
• pp.37-51
• /
• 2004

In this paper, we consider the asymptotic behavior of solutions of the forced nonlinear neutral difference equation $\Delta[x(n)-\sumpi(n)x(n-k_i)]+\sumqj(n)f(x(n-\iota_j))=r(n)$ with sign changing coefficients. Some sufficient conditions for every solution of (*) to tend to zero are established. The results extend and improve some known theorems in literature.

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.253-260
• /
• 1998

본 논문에서는 장기지속하중을 받는 철근콘크리트 보의 처짐을 계산하는 방법을 제안하였다. 균열단면에 대하여 적합조건 및 평형조건을 적용하여 크리프에 의한 중립축의 변화를 계산하는 효율적인 알고리즘을 제시하였으며, 이 값을 이용하여 임의의 시간에서의 휨강성을 유도하였다. 그리고 유사한 방법으로 비균열단면에서의 휨강성을 계산하고 균열단면과 비균열단면에서 각각 계산된 휨강성을 사용하여 ACI규준식의 유효단면 2차모멘트를 계산하는 것과 유사한 방법으로 휨강성을 계산하여 지속하중을 받는 철근콘크리트 보의 처짐을 예측하는 방법을 제시하였다. 제안된 방법과 기존의 실험결과를 비교하여 볼 때, 제안된 방법이 장기지속하중을 받는 철근콘크리트보의 처짐을 잘 예측하였다.

• 보건의료산업학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.155-166
• /
• 2016

Objectives : This study confirmed the limitation of long-term care insurance by analyzing media contents. Methods : Articles and reviews were searched with the article searching system (KINDS) from July 2008 to December, 2015. Results : Among the 155 articles examined, 61.1% highlighted the faults of suppliers, and 25.2% indicated the responsibility of the insurer. As for their purpose, 56.8% reported on accidents, and 32.3% provided information. Furthermore, 74.2% reported on negative contents and only 25.8% on neutral contents. The negative contents consisted of requesting false insurance benefits, amending the range and price indicating the very low salaries of the care givers, limitations on the care grade assessment, and problems related with assistive devices. The majority of neutral articles is for providing information. Conclusions : There were many problems starting from the early stage of the insurance. We must pay attention to these problems. Moreover, we should try to handle and prevent these problems with supportive responses from authorities.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.7-15
• /
• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to explore the factors that can trigger the escalation of an initially pursued long-term utilitarian goal that is set aside to pursue a competing hedonic goal. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The experimental study covered three groups : Group 1 (ego-depletion, self-referencing), Group 2 (ego-depletion, neutral), and Group 3 (no ego-depletion, neutral). The participants of the study comprised 150 undergraduates who were divided into three groups of 50 students for each. One-way ANOVA and regression analyses were used to verify the hypotheses. Results - Ego-depleted consumers are less likely to resist immediate temptation than those who are not in an ego-depletion state. Self-referencing has a positive impact on long-term goal reversion when consumers in an ego-depletion state experience immediate temptations. Counteractive construal plays a mediating role between self-referencing and long-term goal reversion. Conclusions - We found that consumers tend to yield to momentary temptations when they are in an ego-depletion state. Self-referencing and counteractive construal can eliminate the ego-depletion effect and then facilitates escalation of the set-aside long-term goal.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• 제20권1_2호
• /
• pp.305-314
• /
• 2006

In this paper, we consider the oscillation of first order sublinear difference equation with positive neutral term $\Delta(\chi(n)+p(n)\chi(\tau(n)))+f(n,\chi(g1(n)),\cdots,\chi(gm(n)))=0$. We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the solutions of this equation to be oscillatory.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.47.1-47.1
• /
• 2013

Supersonic turbulence is believed to decay rapidly within a flow crossing time irrespective of the degree of magnetization. However, this consensus of decaying magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence relies on local isothermal simulations, which are unable to investigate the role of global magnetic fields and structures. Utilizing three-dimensional MHD simulations including interstellar cooling and heating, we investigate decaying MHD turbulence within cold neutral medium sheets embedded in warm neutral medium. Early evolution is consistent with previous studies characterized rapid decay of turbulence with the decaying time shorter than a flow crossing time and power-law temporal decay of turbulent kinetic energy with slope of -1. If initial magnetic fields are strong and perpendicular to the sheet, however long term evolutions of kinetic energy shows that a significant amount of turbulent energy still remains even after ten flow crossing times, and decaying rate is reduced as field strengths increase. We analyse power spectra of remaining turbulence to show that incompressible, in-plane motions dominate.