• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.34-48
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of mild-intensity exercise training on the denervated muscle atrophy in the sciatic nerve injured rat. Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats (250~300 g) were randomly assigned into three groups; sham-denervated group (n=8), denervated group (n=8), and denervated-exercised group (n=20). Exercise consisted of treadmill running at 20 m/min speed with 0% grade for 30 min/day. The animals were decapitated at the second and sixth weeks postcrush. Soleus and medial gastrocnemius were immediately excised to be weighed. Type I and II fibers of the muscles were differentiated by m-ATPase (pH 9.4) stain, and fiber diameters were evaluated. The results were as follows: 1) The weight of the soleus and medial gastrocnemius muscles showed a tendency to increase in both the denervation-exercised groups compared to the denervated group. 2) In the 2-week denervation-exercised group, type II fiber diameter of soleus and type I fiber diameter of medial gastrocnemius were increased significantly compared to the denervated control group. 3) In the 6-week denervated-exercised group, type I fiber diameter of soleus and type II fiber diameter of medial gastrocnemius were hypertrophied significantly compared to sham-denervated group. The results of this study suggested that treadmill exercise partially prevented denervation atrophy in the soleus and medial gastrocnemius of the rat.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제19권3호통권142호
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• pp.269-274
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• 1981

Several patients of trigeminal neuralgia were observed pathologically. The results were as follows. 1. Three of five were female and two of five were male. The oldest was 76-year-old man and the youngest 49-year-old woman. The average age was 59.4 years. 2. The main division of involvement was third branch and two cases were combined with infra orbital nerve. 3. There was no constant pathologic changes in nerve tissue, but capillary proliferation were observed in perineural connective tissue in two cases. In one case, there was microneuromatic lesion and mild schwann cell proliferation. But in general, there were nonspecific pathological changes in nerve fiber.

• 약학회지
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• 제24권3_4호
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• pp.143-150
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• 1980

The effect of ginseng saponin on chick embryonic dorsal root ganglia organ culture and brain, spinal cord, muscle dissociation cultures was studied. The fiber outgrowth in explanted chick embryonic dorsal root ganglia was markedly induced by water and alcohol extracts of ginseng, total ginseng saponin, protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol glycosides as well as ginsenosides R/sub b1/, R/sub d/, R/sub 0/+R/sub a/+R/sub b1/, and R/sub b2/+R/sub c/+R/sub e/ mixtures. The life span of the cultured chick embryonic dorsal root ganglia and potentiation of nerve cell density were also observed with all of these ginseng saponins. The effect of ginseng saponin on chick embryonic dorsal root ganglia organ culture was more marked in the absence of the chick embryonic extract which was known to contain nerve growth factor-like material in the culture media. However, the ginseng saponin did not influence the cultured central nervous system such as brain and spinal cord cells and cultured skeletal muscle cells with respect to the morphological changes, maturation and life span of these cells.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.116-122
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• 1993

An immunocytochemical investigation has been carried out to localize serotoninimmunoreactive (5-HTi) neurons in suboesophageal ganglion of fifth instar lawn of cabbage worm Pieris rupae. The 285-HTi cell bodies were identified in the rind of suboesophaseal ganglion. The four 5-HTi cell bodies of them are 18rge in size (about 35 Um), while the remaining cell bodies are medium-sized (about 15 Uml. The 5-HTi nerve processes are abundantly located in central large neuropil, circumoesophageal connectives which join the suboesophaseal ganglion to the tritocerebrum of the brain, and connectives between the suboesophageal and the first thoracic ganglia. These results indicate that the 5-HTi nerve fibers, which constitute the central large neuropil, have structural connections with the above two connectives. Especially in central large neuropil, many 5-HTi nenre fibers form a large circular bundle, in which a 5-HTi nerve fiber bundle is crossing.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

Small fiber neuropathy is a painful neuropathy that cannot be assessed using nerve conduction studies. A skin biopsy and quantitative sensory testing (QST) are the gold standards for small fiber neuropathy diagnosis. However, a skin biopsy is invasive and commercially unavailable in Korea. QST is a method involving a thermal threshold, but its results can be affected by cognition as well as lesions of the central nervous system. Quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test (QSART) is a quantitative method of assessing sweat glands innervated by small fibers. In this review, we assessed the utility of QSART in evaluating small fiber neuropathy.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.581-590
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• 1996

교정력에 의하여 치주인대내에 생긴 압박측에서는 국소적 염증반응과 골 흡수가 활발히 일어나며 신장측은 골생성이 활발하므로 위 두 부위는 서로 다른 조직반응이 일어난다. 치아이동에 관여하는 것으로 알려진 CGRP 면역 양성 신경섬유도 압박 및 신장 부위에 따라 다를 것으로 생각된다. 저자등은 CGRP면역 양성 신경섬유의 교정력 적용시간에 따른 변화를 관찰하고 압박 및 신장력을 받는 부위에 따른 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 200gm내외의 생후 9주령 백서 상악 제1 대구치에 Ni-Ti coil spring으로 80gm내외의 교정력을 12시간, 1일, 3일, 7일, 12일동안 가한 후 희생하여 면역 조직화학법으로 염색하여 관찰하였다. $\cdot$ 교정력 적용 12시간 및 1일군에서 압박 및 신장측 모두에서 CGRP 면역 양성 신경섬유가 감소되었다. $\cdot$ 교정력 적용 3일군에서 CGRP면역 양성 신경섬유는 많은 가는 분지가 관찰되며 증가되었고 특히 신장측에서 현저하였다. $\cdot$ 교정력 적용 7일군에서는 비교적 굵은 CGRP 면역 양성 신경섬유도 증가 되었으며 신장측에서 현저하였다. $\cdot$ 교정력 적용 12일군에서 압박측 치주인대에서는 거의 정상과 유사하였으나 신장측치주인대에서는 증가된 채 유지되었다. $\cdot$ CGRP면역 양성 신경섬유는 압박측보다 신장측에서 더 많이 증가하여 치아이동시 CGRP가 말초조직에서 염증반응에 관여함과 동시에 골 개조에도 상당한 연관성을 가지고 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 1989

함께 투여되는 마약성진통제에 따라 효능제 또는 길항제(mixed agonist-antagonist)로 작용하는 buprenorphine을 사용하여 개구리 좌골신경에 존재하는 아편수용체의 성질을 검토하였다. 실험은 sucrose-gap apparatus를 사용하여 활동전압에 대한 영향을 관찰하였으며 약물의 상호작용을 검토하고자 meperidine 또는 naloxone을 사용하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) Buprenorphine은 현저하게 개구리 좌골신경의 활동전압을 저하시켰다. 2) 두 개의 최고작용농도를 보였는데 저농도에서는 $10^{-8}\;M$, 또 고농도에서는 $10^{-4}\;M$에서 현저하게 작용을 나타내었다. 3) Buprenorphine은 meperidine의 활동전압 저하작용을 의의있게 억제하였다. 4) Naloxone에 의하여 Buprenorphine의 저하 작용이 억제되었다. 위의 실험결과로 Buprenorphine은 순수 마약성진통제의 작용을 억제하여 차단제로 작용하는 한편 또한 효능제로 활동전압을 의의있게 억제하였다. 이로써 개구리 좌골신경에 있는 아편수용체는 세포막에 또는 세포막 주위에서 $Na^+-Channel$이 활성화되는 데 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 간주되며 이 수용체는 또한 Naloxone에 매우 민감한 반응을 나타낸다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제1권6호
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• pp.625-637
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• 1997

Calcium ions are implicated in a variety of physiological functions, including enzyme activity, membrane excitability, neurotransmitter release, and synaptic transmission, etc. Calcium antagonists have been known to be effective for the treatment of exertional angina and essential hypertension. Selective and nonselective voltage-dependent calcium channel blockers also have inhibitory action on the acute and tonic pain behaviors resulting from thermal stimulation, subcutaneous formalin injection and nerve injury. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of iontophoretically applied $Ca^{++}$ and its antagonists on the responses of WDR (wide dynamic range) cells to sensory inputs. The responses of WDR cells to graded electrical stimulation of the afferent nerve and also to thermal stimulation of the receptive field were recorded before and after iontophoretical application of $Ca^{++}$, EGTA, $Mn^{++}$, verapamil, ${\omega}-conotoxin$ GVIA, ${\omega}-conotoxin$ MVIIC and ${\omega}-agatoxin$ IVA. Also studied were the effects of a few calcium antagonists on the C-fiber responses of WDR cells sensitized by subcutaneous injection of mustard oil (10%). Calcium ions and calcium channel antagonists ($Mn^{++}$, verapamil, ${\omega}-conotoxin$ GVIA & ${\omega}-agatoxin$ IVA) current-dependently suppressed the C-fiber responses of WDR cells without any significant effects on the A-fiber responses. But ${\omega}-conotoxin$ MVIIC did not have any inhibitory actions on the responses of WDR cell to A-fiber, C-fiber and thermal stimulation. Iontophoretically applied EGTA augmented the WDR cell responses to C-fiber and thermal stimulations while spinal application of EGTA for about $20{\sim}30\;min$ strongly inhibited the C-fiber responses. The augmenting and the inhibitory actions of EGTA were blocked by calcium ions. The WDR cell responses to thermal stimulation of the receptive field were reduced by iontophoretical application of $Ca^{++}$, verapamil, ${\omega}-agatoxin$ IVA, and ${\omega}-conotoxin$ GVIA but not by ${\omega}-conotoxin$ MVIIC. The responses of WDR cells to C-fiber stimulation were augmented after subcutaneous injection of mustard oil (10%, 0.15 ml) into the receptive field and these sensitized C-fiber responses were strongly suppressed by iontophoretically applied $Ca^{++}$, verapamil, ${\omega}-conotoxin$ GVIA and ${\omega}-agatoxin$ IVA. These experimental findings suggest that in the rat spinal cord, L-, N-, and P-type, but not Q-type, voltage-sensitive calcium channels are implicated in the calcium antagonist-induced inhibition of the normal and the sensitized responses of WDR cells to C-fiber and thermal stimulation, and that the suppressive effect of calcium and augmenting action of EGTA on WDR cell responses are due to changes in excitability of the cell.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.216-225
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• 2003

To demonstrate the effect of physical irritancy(massages) on the skeletal muscles of immobilization ddY mice models induced by right side sciatic nerve neurectomy, the cross sectional histological profiles of the muscularis (M) gastrocnemius, M. tibialis cranialis and M. tibialis caudalis were observed after 28 days of treatment of physical irritancy with the changes of body weight thickness of hind limb and individual muscle weights. In addition, changes of demonstrated with diameter of individual muscle fiber and muscle fasciculata, and number of muscle fiber in each of three types of muscles located in the calf. The massages were used in this study as physical irritancy. The experimental groups were divided into five groups, 1) Sham-operated group(Sham), 2) Neurectomized but not physical irritated control group(Control), 3) Neurectomized and physical irritated at knee pint regions(T1), 4) Neurectomized and physical irritated at calf regions(T2), and 5) Neurectomized and physical irritated at achilles tendon regions(T3). The experimental animals were used 5 per groups. The changes of number or diameter of muscle fiber in each muscles were calculated using automated image analyzer. The results are as follow : Thickness(diameter) of muscle fiber of M. gastrocnemius, M. tibialis cranialis and M. tibialis cranialis in right side of hind limb were remarkedly decreased in Control, T1, T2 and T3 groups compared to that of Sham group. However, the thickness was significantly increased in physical irritated groups compared to that of Control group in followed order : T3

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2020

광섬유를 이용한 구조물 건전도 모니터링은 다양한 연구가 이루어졌다. 광섬유는 다중 및 분포로 변형률을 계측 할 수 있다. 광섬유 센서 중, FBG 센서는 동적 응답 계측과 정밀도가 높은 장점이 있지만, 계측 포인트의 제한이 있다. 분포형 광섬유 센서는 계측 포인트가 1000개가 넘지만, 샘플링 속도가 낮아 동적 계측이 불가능하다. 본 연구에서는 FBG와 브릴루안 상관영역 측정법의 장점만을 이용한 하이브리드 신경망 센서 계측 시스템이 제안하였다. 광섬유 브래그 격자를 포함한 광섬유를 이용하여 정적응답과 동적 응답을 선택적으로 계측 할 수 있는 계측 시스템이다. 제안된 시스템검증을 위하여 실내 실험을 수행하였으며, 기존의 센서와의 비교를 통해 정확도와 재현성을 검증하였다. 제안된 시스템을 활용하여, 동적 응답을 상시 계측하고, 전역적인 구조물의 상태를 평가한다. 이상 상태가 감지 되면, 분포형 계측 시스템을 이용하여 정적 응답을 계측하여, 구조물의 국부적인 상태를 평가한다. 제안된 시스템을 통해 효율적인 구조물 건전도 모니터링에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.