• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.217-222
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• 2001

This paper proposes the new method based on fuzzy logic which recognizes between normal, and abnormal(two types of abnormal : follicular neoplastic, and papillary neoplastic) of thyroid gland cells from pre-obtained 16 feature parameters of image data. This paper applies the genetic algorithms to obtain the dominant feature parameters which have a great influence on discrimination between normal and abnormal cells. This paper shows the effectiveness of proposed method to 240 thyroid gland cells(60 normal cells, 120 follicular neoplastic cells and 60 papillary neoplastic cells) and new dominant feature parameters obtained by genetic algorithms. As a consequence of using the proposed method, average recognition rate of 88.75 % was obtained.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.103-106
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• 2012

A 15-year-old, spayed-female Maltese dog was presented with history of erythema and pruritus in left axillary region. In physical examination, firm elevated erythematous lesions were distributed throughout the axillary lesion. Fine needle aspiration cytology showed neoplastic epithelial cells with anisocytosis, high N:C ratio, and prominent nucleoli. Histologically, this lesion was consisted of a proliferation of undifferentiated neoplastic cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm. Mitotic figures of the neoplastic cells were observed and the neoplastic cells were intensely positive for cytokeratin. The presenting tumor was diagnosed as dermal apocrine gland adenocarcinoma.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.486-489
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• 2013

An 18-year-old, neutered female, Yorkshire terrier was presented with abdominal mass. Large abdominal mass was located in right 4th and 5th mammary glands. Surgically excised mammary mass was submitted for histological evaluation. Microscopically, multifocal to confluent neoplastic foci were existed from superficial dermis to subcutis. Several different growth patterns such as comedo, solid, cribriform, and micropapillary were present in the neoplastic foci. Large neoplastic mammary ducts showed great invasive tendency to adjacent tissues. Many superficial lymphatic plexuses and dermal lymphatics contained numerous neoplastic cell emboli. Because comedo pattern was demonstrated by more than 50% of the neoplastic cell population, we confirmed this case as mammary comedocarcinoma according to recent classification of canine mammary tumors.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.14
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• pp.5565-5570
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• 2014

Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the histopathological pattern of thyroid lesions among Saudi patients and to highlight the age and gender variations of these lesions as base line data. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data from thyroid specimens received at the Department of Pathology, King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia from January 2006 to December 2013. Results: The 292 thyroidectomy specimens received during the study period came from 230 (78.8%) females and 62 (21.2%) males giving a female: male ratio of 3.7:1. Age of the patients ranged from 14 to 95 years with a mean age 39.7 years. Two hundred and eleven (72.3%) cases were found to be non-neoplastic and 81 (27.7%) cases were neoplastic. The non-neoplastic group included: colloid goiter, including both diffuse and nodular goiter (170 cases; 58.2%), nodular hyperplasia (28 cases; 9.6%), Hashimoto/chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (12 cases; 4.1%), and Grave's disease (1 case; 0.3%). In neoplastic lesions, there were 7 benign tumors and 74 malignant tumors. Among the benign tumors, 5 were follicular adenomas and 2 were Hurthle cell adenomas. Papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumor accounting for 87.8% of all thyroid malignancies, followed by lymphoma, follicular carcinoma and medullary carcinoma. The size of papillary carcinoma was more than 2 cm in 40 cases (76.9%). Conclusions: Non-neoplastic thyroid lesions were more common than neoplastic ones. Colloid goiter was the most common lesion. Follicular adenoma was the commonest benign tumor and papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion. There appears to be a slightly increased trend of papillary carcinoma diagnosis, most being diagnosed at an advanced stage.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.154-161
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• 2017

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession (DW-SSFP) in comparison to diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging (DW-EPI) for differentiating the neoplastic and benign osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 40 patients with recent vertebral compression fractures but no history of vertebroplasty, spine operation, or chemotherapy. They had received 3-Tesla (T) spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including both DW-SSFP and DW-EPI sequences. The 40 patients included 20 with neoplastic vertebral fracture and 20 with benign osteoporotic vertebral fracture. In each fracture lesion, we obtained the signal intensity normalized by the signal intensity of normal bone marrow (SI norm) on DW-SSFP and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on DW-EPI. The correlation between the SI norm and the ADC in each lesion was analyzed using linear regression. The optimal cut-off values for the diagnosis of neoplastic fracture were determined in each sequence using Youden's J statistics and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. Results: In the neoplastic fracture, the median SI norm on DW-SSFP was higher and the median ADC on DW-EPI was lower than the benign osteoporotic fracture (5.24 vs. 1.30, P = 0.032, and 0.86 vs. 1.48, P = 0.041, respectively). Inverse linear correlations were evident between SI norm and ADC in both neoplastic and benign osteoporotic fractures (r = -0.45 and -0.61, respectively). The optimal cut-off values for diagnosis of neoplastic fracture were SI norm of 3.0 in DW-SSFP with the sensitivity and specificity of 90.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 81.0-99.0) and 95.3% (95% CI: 90.0-100.0), respectively, and ADC of 1.3 in DW-EPI with the sensitivity and specificity of 90.5% (95% CI: 80.0-100.0) and 70.4% (95% CI: 60.0-80.0), respectively. Conclusion: In 3-T MRI, DW-SSFP has comparable sensitivity and specificity to DW-EPI in differentiating the neoplastic vertebral fracture from the benign osteoporotic vertebral fracture.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8293-8298
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• 2016

Background: Urinary stones are known predisposing factors for upper urinary tract carcinoma (UUTC) which are commonly detected at advanced stage with poor outcome because of rarity and lack of specific criteria for early detection. Aims and objectives: The main aim was to evaluate the impact of age, gender andstone characteristics on risk of developing UUTC in patients with chronic nephrolithiasis. We also discuss the role of aberrant angiogenesis (AA) and immunohistochemical expression of p53, p16INK4a, CK20 and Ki-67 in diagnosis of pelvicalyceal neoplastic (NL) and pre-neoplastic lesions (PNL) in these patients. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of pelvicalyceal urothelial lesions from 88 nephrectomy specimens were carried out in a tertiary care centre from June 2012 to December 2014. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on 37 selected cases. Computed image analysis was performed to analyse aberrant angiogenesis. Results: All UUTC (5.7%) and metaplastic lesions were found to be associated with stones. Some 60% were pure squamous cell carcinoma and 40% were transitional cell carcinoma. Odd ratios for developing NL and PNL lesions in presence of renal stone, impacted stones, multiple and large stag horn stones were 9.39 (95% CI 1.15-76.39, p value 0.05), 6.28 (95% CI 1.59-24.85, p value 0.000) and 7.4 (95% CI, 2.29-23.94, p value 0.001) respectively. When patient age was ${\geq}55$, the odds ratio for developing NL was 3.43 (95% CI 1.19-9.88, p value 0.019). IHC analysis showed that mean Ki-67 indices were $3.15{\pm}3.63%$ for non-neoplastic lesions, $10.0{\pm}9.45%$ for PNL and $28.0{\pm}18.4%$ for NL. Sensitivity and specificity of CK20, p53, p16INK4a, AA were 76% and 95.9%; 100% and 27.5%; 100% and 26.5%; 92.3 % and 78.8% respectively. Conclusions: Age ${\geq}55years$, large stag horn stones, multiple stones and impacted stones are found to be associated with increased risk of NL and PNL in UUT. For flat lesions, a panel of markers, Ki 67 index >10 and presence of aberrant angiogenesis were more useful than individual markers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.13
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• pp.5489-5492
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• 2015

Background: Gradual loss of cytokeratin 13 (CK13) may be linked with the severity of dysplastic changes and transformation to malignancy. In this study we assessed the differential expression of CK13 in normal, hyperplastic, dysplastic and cancerous oral mucosa. Materials and Methods: A total of 93 oral biopsies were collected during the 2011-2014 period. The biopsies were characterized as normal (19), hyperplastic (21), severely dysplastic/carcinoma in situ (16) and invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) (37) after morphological assessment. Formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections were stained with a monoclonal antibody against CK13 using the Envision technique. Immunohistochemically stained slides were then analyzed for CK13 expression. Results: CK13 was consistently and diffusely expressed in all normal and hyperplastic tissue biopsies from oral mucosa. Severely dysplastic/carcinoma in situ biopsies showed complete loss in 50% of cases, while in the remaining 50% expression was very focal and weak. OSCC cases showed complete or near complete loss of CK13 in all cases. Few cases showed weak expression in keratin pearls only. Conclusions: This study validates the utility of CK13 IHC as a useful immunohistochemical marker in routine diagnostic practice to make distinction between non-neoplastic from dysplastic and neoplastic (malignant) oral lesions.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.494-496
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• 2010

Chordoma was described in the tail masses of two ferrets. Tail masses were surgically removed and submitted for diagnosis. On histopathology, the masses from both ferrets were almost similar each other. The mass was well-demarcated and composed of lobules or sheets of neoplastic cells. The neoplastic cells were round to polygonal with distinct cell border and contained marginally located round nucleus. The cytoplasm of neoplastic cells was highly vacuolated. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive to cytokerain, vimentin, and S-100. Based on these results, both cases were diagnosed as chordoma in ferrets. Recurrence was not noted since surgery.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.266-270
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• 2019

A 13-year-old spayed female American cocker spaniel dog was submitted to an animal hospital with a mass from left ear canal and enlarged left parotid lymph node. Given one-year history of odorous exudates and chronic otitis externa, total ear canal ablation was performed. Grossly, because of the neoplastic mass in both inner and outside of annular cartilage in external ear, vertical ear canal was severely narrowed. Histologically, there were numerous proliferated glands in the ear canal mass. Many neoplastic glands contained secretory vesicles on the free margin and necrotic cellular debris. Severe multifocal necrosis and strong invasion were also observed throughout the mass. Massive metastatic foci of glandular structures originated from ceruminous gland were presented in the enlarged parotid lymph node. Neoplastic glandular epithelia contained PAS-positive diastase-resistant eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells showed positive reactions for cytokeratin (CK) 7 and negative for CK 5/6. Based on the clinical implication and gross findings, histopathology and immunohistochemistry, this case was diagnosed as metastatic ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma in the American cocker spaniel.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 1990

The authors report series of 360 cases of transthoracic fine-needle aspiration cytology (TFNA) from Oct. 1982, through Aug. 1986 at the Seoul National University Hospital. A diagnosis of neoplastic lesion was established in 50.3% of the cases. A non-neoplastic diagnosis was made in 38.5%, nondiagnostic one in 6.5% and inadequate one in 4.7% of the total. Statistical findings on cytological diagnoses were as follows. Specificity was 100% ; sensitivity, 92% ; predictive value for positive, 1.0 ; predictive value for negative, 0.9 ; concordance rate, 84.2% ; diagnostic accuracy in non-neoplastic lesion, 65.4%, and typing accuracy in malignant tumor, 0.77.