• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.257-257
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• 2001

Failures occur in dentistry as a result of manny factors some of which can be controlled by the operator whilst others are unavoidable. The long-term success rate of endodontic treatment has often been thought to be very high although studies reported in the literature do not support this perception. The number of failure can be reduced by adhereing to accepted treatment procedures and by avoiding 'short cut'. Endodontic disaters are usually related to operator errors and they mat have detrimental effects on the outcome of treatment in the long term, eventually becoming catastrophes. Endodontic disasters will require special techniques to salvage them whereas catastrophes usually result in loss of the tooth and every effort should be made to prevent such problems from occurring. This presentation will cover common errors in endodontic procedures especially access opening, canal negotiation, canal irrigation, canal preparation, canal filling, post preparation.ration.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.209-222
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• 1997

In this paper, we study a bargaining order problem where one buyer sequentially bargains with two sellers whose reservation prices are unknown to the buyer but correlated. Our main question is who the buyer should bargain first with to maximize his expected payoff. This type of problem is widely applicable to business and political situations where one party negotiates with multiple parties sequentially. One of the most important element in a sequential bargaining is "linkage effect" which exists when the aggreement of the previous bargaining affects the outcome of the following bargaining. To examine "linkage effect", we assume that the sellers'objects are similar so that the sellers' reservation prices are correlated. In addition, to consider incomplete information aspect regarding reservation prices, it is assumed that the sellers' reservation prices are unknown to the buyer. That is, we deal with one sided incomplete information case. In our model, there are two stages in each of which the buyer meets one seller. Since we are concerned with the bargaining order, we consider two different bargaining orders. Using game theory, we find a perfect Bayesian equilibrium and compute the buyer's expected payoff for each bargaining order. Finally we identify the advantageous bargaining order for the buyer by comparing the expected payoffs obtained under two different bargaining orders. Our results are as follows: the advantageous bargaining order depends on the prior probability of the seller type. However, in general, the buyer should bargain first with the seller whose object is less valuable to the buyer. The basic reason for our result is that the buyer wants to experiment in the first stage to find out the sellers' reservation prices and in doing so, to minimize the experimental cost and maximize potential gain in case of negotiation failure in the first stage. in the first stage.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.5530-5540
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• 2013

The paper is aimed to develop coaching competency model for executives and analyze their needs. For better outcome, we take coaching experts and executives and managers with business coaching experience as the target and conduct Delphi survey three times. According to the 3 surveys, we derived 5 coaching competency clusters and 34 individual competency items. The next thing, we have designed 102 survey questions which measure the 43 competency items and verified the validity for 272 respondents composed of managers and executives participated. As a result, the Analysis is secured with the validity at the 26 competency items. To investigate the competency that is important to executives, we carry needs analysis into execution. Borich's needs to utilize executive coaching competencies results conducted on 5 priority groups that belong to the competence of the 26 sub-competencies have business acumen the needs of high-capacity was analyzed. followed by motivation inspiring, organizational management, conflict management, strategic thinking and negotiation skills.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.543-555
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to define and clarify the concept of Shared decision-making (SDM) in patients with chronic disease. Walker and Avant's concept analysis process was used to analyze interdisciplinary convergence in SDM. SDM in patients with chronic disease can be defined by the following attributes: acknowledgment patients as 'self-care experts', the rights of self-determination, reversible negotiation, and patient-centered care. The antecedents of SMD consisted of situations where there is a need to make a decision from several treatment options of similar efficacy, decisional conflict, patient, family, and health provider's willingness to participate in the decision-making process, enough time and opportunity for SDM. The consequences occurring as a result of SMD were decrease decisional conflict, improvement health outcome, satisfaction, quality of life, enhancement self-management and self-efficacy with long-term, and living acceptably with the illness. Based on these results, a scale measuring SDM in patients with chronic disease is needed.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.121-130
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• 2016

There is a growing interest in the technology transfer and commercialization both at home and abroad. Accordingly, this study looked at the concept of technology transfer and commercialization, identified the factors that should be taken into account in order to facilitate technology transfer and commercialization, and then performed a empirical analysis. As for the conventional technology transfer and commercialization, there was a tendency to limit its scope to the exploration, transfer and commercialization of technology itself. Here in this research, technology transfer and commercialization is defined the category to expand as various activities implemented in order to make sure that intellectual properties such as intangible technological developments, know-how, and knowledge are transferred between the relevant parties through a contract or negotiation, and the party to which the transfer is made can then further develop and exploit the technology into tangible products and other activities to obtain economic benefit out of that. In addition, the findings of the positive analysis of technology transfer and commercialization revealed that the focus of facilitating technology transfer has been on the technology itself, its management and securing efficiency of the systems and institutions involved in the technology transfer and commercialization. So there was lack of recognition as to the importance of financial support given to the phase of technology commercialization. This indicates that when it comes to the technology transfer and commercialization, quantitative performance has been the focus of interest such as patent application, registration, number of technology transfers, royalty, etc. So there was not enough understanding as to the issues of starting up a business, creating quality jobs through technology transfer and commercialization, which are directly related to the realization of the creative economy. In this regard, this research is expected to be used for the development for the future policies to boost technology transfer and commercialization as it suggests not only simply ensuring quantitative performance but also necessary to create the environment for the creation of the stable ecosystem for the parties involved in the technology transfer and commercialization and then to build circumstances in which creative economy can be realized.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.31-76
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• 2018

This article explores why the two Southeast Asian countries, Vietnam and the Philippines, choose different strategies to cope with the Chinese threat. Despite the evident Chinese threat in the South China Sea, Vietnam has not meaningfully expanded the military cooperation with the United States, whereas the Philippines, ironically, has distanced itself with its ally, the United States. Existing studies on the topic does not offer a satisfactory explanation. We assign that two cases are examples of "underbalancing" - the failure of balancing even though there is an evident threat. Furthermore, we demonstrate the difference between cases of the Philippines and Vietnam by arguing that the number of veto players affects the outcome of foreign policy, underbalancing of two countries. The Philippines has only one veto player, the president, hence its response to external threats is incoherent. On the other hand, the number of veto players in Vietnam is more than one and those players demand negotiation among them on the matter of foreign policy. Upon analyses on two cases we argue that the former is the case of underbalancing caused by a lack of policy stability, while the latter is the case of underbalancing caused by a lack of policy responsiveness.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.69-81
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• 2014

There is a growing interest in the technology transfer and commercialization both at home and abroad. Accordingly, this study looked at the concept of technology transfer and commercialization, identified the factors that should be taken into account in order to facilitate technology transfer and commercialization, and then performed a empirical analysis. As for the conventional technology transfer and commercialization, there was a tendency to limit its scope to the exploration, transfer and commercialization of technology itself. Here in this research, technology transfer and commercialization is defined the category to expand as various activities implemented in order to make sure that intellectual properties such as intangible technological developments, know-how, and knowledge are transferred between the relevant parties through a contract or negotiation, and the party to which the transfer is made can then further develop and exploit the technology into tangible products and other activities to obtain economic benefit out of that. In addition, the findings of the positive analysis of technology transfer and commercialization revealed that the focus of facilitating technology transfer has been on the technology itself, its management and securing efficiency of the systems and institutions involved in the technology transfer and commercialization. So there was lack of recognition as to the importance of financial support given to the phase of technology commercialization. This indicates that when it comes to the technology transfer and commercialization, quantitative performance has been the focus of interest such as patent application, registration, number of technology transfers, royalty, etc. So there was not enough understanding as to the issues of starting up a business, creating quality jobs through technology transfer and commercialization, which are directly related to the realization of the creative economy. In this regard, this research is expected to be used for the development for the future policies to boost technology transfer and commercialization as it suggests not only simply ensuring quantitative performance but also necessary to create the environment for the creation of the stable ecosystem for the parties involved in the technology transfer and commercialization and then to build circumstances in which creative economy can be realized.