• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.439-448
• /
• 2005

Purpose: Purpose of the this study is to define the hemodialysis treatment-related stressors and stress coping methods in hemodialysis noncompliant patients. Method: Hemodialysis treatment-related stressors scale and stress coping style scale were used with 178 patients that received continuous hemodialysis treatment, met the noncompliance criteria. Collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS 12.0 program. Result: In hemodialysis noncompliant patients, Psychosocial stress were higher than physical stress, 'aesthetic thinking' was the most used. As recognition of health status was lower, hemodialysis treatment-related stressors were higher. In terms of causative disease, 'hypertension' pt used more 'problem-focus coping' and 'social support pursuit' than the other groups. As subjective recognition level of health status was higher, 'problem-focus coping' and 'social support pursuit' were more used. It was showed positive correlation between psychosocial stressors and 'aesthetic thinking'. Conclusion: Hemodialysis noncompliant patients had high psychosocial stress, accordingly, used 'aesthetic coping'. It means that they has negative coping to disease and hemodialysis treatment. Therefore, Nurses need to manage psychosocial aspects, which influence on noncompliant behaviors.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.349-356
• /
• 2015

Objectives: Schizophrenia is difficult to treat effectively and the antipsychotics used have many side effects. However, few studies have focused on the combined treatment of Korean and Western medicine as an alternative. In this study, we reported an inpatient with chronic schizophrenia who was treated by a combination of Korean and Western medicine. Methods: We experienced a case of a diagnosed schizophrenia patient as whose chief complaint was avolition, diminished emotional expression and hallucination. The patient was treated with Western medicine and Korean traditional treatment including acupuncture, moxa and herbal medicine. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were used for assessment. Results: After treatment, symptoms involving avolition, diminished emotional expression and hallucination were improved; furthermore, the scores of the BPRS and the PANSS were decreased by approximately 50%, respectively. In addition, there were no notable side effects. Conclusions: The combined treatment of Korean and Western medicine can be an effective and well-tolerated treatment modality for patients with chronic schizophrenia.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제38권6호
• /
• pp.1179-1188
• /
• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of using natural calcium mixtures and various binding ingredients as replacers for synthetic phosphate in ground pork products. We performed seven treatments: control (0.3% phosphate blend), treatment 1 (0.5% natural calcium mixtures [NCM, which comprised 0.2% oyster shell calcium and 0.3% egg shell calcium powder] and 0.25% egg white powder), treatment 2 (0.5% NCM and 0.25% whey protein concentrate), treatment 3 (0.5% NCM and 0.25% concentrated soybean protein), treatment 4 (0.5% NCM and 0.25% isolated soybean protein), treatment 5 (0.5% NCM and 0.25% carrageenan), and treatment 6 (0.5% NCM and 0.25% collagen powder). All the treatment mixtures had higher pH and lower cooking loss than the control, which was treated with phosphate. We found that NCM and binding ingredients had no negative effects on the moisture content, lightness, and yellowness of the cooked ground pork products. Treatments 3 and 4 showed significantly lower CIE $a^*$ values than the control. Treatments 2 and 6 improved the textural properties of the products. In conclusion, the combination of NCM with whey protein concentrate or collagen powder could be suitable for producing phosphate-free meat products.

• 대한조현병학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2021

Objectives: The optimal duration of maintenance treatment for patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) remains unclear. We examined the first antipsychotic treatment duration and its association with re-initiation of treatment using a nationwide claim database. Methods: Data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database in South Korea for 2007-2016 were used. Linear regression analysis and Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the associations between the duration of the first antipsychotic treatment, time to re-initiation of treatment, and occurrence of treatment re-initiation. Results: Of 30,143 patients with FES, 80.4% (n=24,231) received <2 years of the first antipsychotic treatment. In patients who discontinued treatment (n=23,030), the rate of treatment re-initiation was 74.2% (n=17,086). As the duration of the first antipsychotic treatment increased, the time to re-initiation of treatment decreased (β=-0.146, p<0.001); however, the rate of treatment reinitiation was relatively constant (hazard ratio=1.001, p<0.001). Conclusion: Long-term antipsychotic treatment was not significantly associated with the rate of treatment re-initiation but showed a negative association with the time to re-initiation of treatment. Further research is needed to better understand the optimal treatment duration for FES.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권11호
• /
• pp.5463-5467
• /
• 2012

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is contagious with transmissiobn vertically or horizontally by blood products and body secretions. Over 50% of Iranian carriers contracted the infection prenatally, making this the most likely route of transmission of HBV in Iran. To evaluate the resistance to adefovir (ADV) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection, a study was conducted on 70 patients (63 males and 7 females), who had received in first line lamivudine and second line adefovir. All were tested for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg), serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) level and HBV DNA load before and after treatment with ADV. In all samples, resistance to lamivudine and ADV was tested with real time PCR. Among seventy patients with chronic hepatitis B infection, 18 (25.7%) were resistant to LAM and 8 (11.4%) were resistant to ADV. Only one patient was negative for the presence of HBS-Ag (5.6%) and two were negative for HBe-Ag (11.1%). In this study we used a new method (ALLGIO probe assay) that has high sensitivity in detection of adefovir resistance mutants, which we recommend to other researchers. Mutant strains of the YMDD motif of HBV polymerase can be found in some patients under treatment with lamivudine and ADV. ADV has been demonstrated to be efficient in patients with lamivudine resistant HBV.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.17-33
• /
• 2004

The present study attempts to examine the progressivity of health care financial sources based on the income approach, for which it decomposes redistributive effects into vertical, horizontal, and re-ranking components. The study data include Korean Household Expenditure Survey (2000) conducted every 5 year by Korea National Statistical Office. The data were sampled from the national population by the multistage probabilistic sampling method, and amounts to 23,270 households. For the better application of the income approach, the study employs household total expenditure in Korea instead of total income, because the former data source is more reliable and less fluctuated over time. Progressivity of health care financing was measured by Kakwani index. Aronson's decomposition equation was used in case of the analysis where differential treatment of health care expenditure needs to be considered. Despite the progressivity of Korea's governmental contributions, total expenditure of health care showed regressive pattern, which may largely be attributable to the higher regressivity in out-of-pocket money. With the result of negative Kakwani index, differential treatment increased income redistribution biased for better-off. It is worth to note that social insurance displays not only negative Kakwani index, but also horizontal inequality, suggesting that the first step of health care financing reform should be the revision of social insurance premium rates toward effective and equable way.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.93-104
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship among infertility stress, depression and Resilience of infertile women during infertility treatment. Methods: As a descriptive study, we surveyed 129 infertile women in 1 fertility center from November 2014 to January 2015. The data was analyzed in SPSS WIn 18.0 program. Results: Infertility stress, depression, and resilience averaged $3.23{\pm}.32$ (range of scale 1~6), $1.42{\pm}.39$ (range of scale 1~4), and $3.45{\pm}.35$ (range of scale 1~5), respectively. There was significant difference in infertility stress by job, abortion experience after pregnancy with infertility treatments, anxiety of high risk pregnancy, burden of pregnancy, important of having child. There was significant difference in depression by job, Economy burden on infertility treatment, burden of pregnancy. Infertility stress had a positive correlation with depression (r=.192. p<.029) Resilience had a negative correlation with depression (r=-.349. p<.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to provide infertile women with the counseling on their infertility stress and depression, and the intervention programs for infertile women is expected to help them cope and adapt with their personal and marital problems, reduce their negative emotions, and thus promote their quality of life.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 2009

Retinoic acids (RAs) modulate growth, differentiation, and apoptosis in normal, pre-malignant & malignant cells. In the present study, the effects of RA isomers (all-trans RA, 13-cis RA, and 9-cis RA) on the cell signal transduction of human breast cancer cells have been studied. The relationship between RAs and an enzymatic antioxidant system was also determined. Estrogen-receptor (ER) positive MCF-7 and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells were treated with different doses of each RA isomers, all-trans RA, 13-cis RA, or 9-cis RA. Treatment of RA isomers inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells as a result of increased caspase activity in cytoplasm and cytochrome C released from mitochondria. All-trans RA was the most effective RA isomer in both cell growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. However, no significant effect of RA isomers was observed on the cell growth or apoptosis in ER-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and glutathione peroxidase were decreased effectively after treatment of RA in MCF-7 cells, whereas SOD activity was rarely affected. Thus, the present data suggest that all-trans RA is the most potential inducer of apoptosis and modulator of antioxidant enzymes among RA isomers in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.37-49
• /
• 2015

Objectives This study was designed to collect studies about the Pharmacopuncture used for Rheumatoid arthritis model through analysis on Korean medicine prescriptions of Korean journals objective. Methods We searched 29 studies related Pharmacopuncture treatment of Rheumatoid arthritis model via Korean medicine web database. Results 29 studies were published 2007 to 2015. There were 4 studies have positive control group and negative control group, and 25 studies were design only negative control group. 15 studies were published 2007, 5 studies were published 2008, 1 study was published 2010, 2 studies were published 2011, 5 studies were published 2012, 1 study was published 2013. There were 20 Pharmacopuncture treated for Rheumatoid arthritis mouse or rat model. Most of these studies were effective to treat of Rheumatoid arthritis model. Conclusions These results suggested that Pharmacopuncture is effective treatment to Rheumatoid arthritis model and we need continuously agonize and research more effective therapy method.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.2231-2238
• /
• 2014

This study investigated how self-rated health and socioeconomic status are associated with behaviour of cancer survivors regarding desire for information. For this association, we compared survivors who did not seek information about cancer with those who did. We examined how sociodemographic, socioeconomic, cancerrelated, and health information factors are associated with self-rated health (SRH) by health information seeking/avoiding behavior in a survey of 502 post-treatment cancer patients. In the information seeking group, all four factors exhibited significant relationships with SRH. SRH values were significantly high for women (p<0.05), non-Hispanic White (p<0.05), and educated (p<0.01) participants, and for those who had high self-efficacy to use health information by themselves (p<0.01). Furthermore, in the information avoiding group, not only were there no significant relationships between socioeconomic status (SES) and SRH, but there were negative associations between their attitude/capacity and the SRH. In terms of communication equity, the promotion of information seeking behavior can be an effective way to reduce health disparities that are caused by social inequalities. Information avoiding behavior, however, does not exhibit a negative contribution toward the relationship between SRH and SES. Information seeking behavior was positively associated with SRH, but avoiding behavior was not negatively associated. We thus need to eliminate communication inequalities using health intervention to support information seeking behavior, while simultaneously providing support for avoiders.