• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2011

Elevated serum concentration of inflammation markers is known as an independent risk factor of metabolic syndrome (MS) and dietary intake is an important factor to control MS. The purpose of this study was to investigated the hypothesis that inflammatory indices are associated with dietary intake and diet quality index-international (DQI-I) in subjects with MS. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 156 men and 73 postmenopausal women with MS, defined by three or more risk factors of the modified Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Serum levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), adiponectin were examined and nutrients intake and DQI-I were assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The total DQI-I score was significantly higher in female subjects ($65.87{\pm}9.86$) than in male subjects ($62.60{\pm}8.95$). There was a positive association between hs-CRP and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake (p < 0.05) and a negative association between adiponectin and lipid (p < 0.05), total sugar (p < 0.01), and total fatty acids (p < 0.05). When the subjects were divided into 5 groups by quintile according to serum adiponectin and hs-CRP level, there was no association between DQI-I score and hs-CRP levels. Moderation score of DQI-I was significantly higher in highest quintile group than the lower quintile groups. Therefore, our results provide some evidence that dietary intake and diet quality are associated with inflammation markers and dietary modification might be a predictor to decrease risk for metabolic syndrome complications. However further research is needed to develop the dietary quality index reflecting the inflammatory change by considering the dietary habit and pattern of Koreans.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.16-27
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• 2001

연구목적 : 본 연구는 정신분열병 환자의 가족이 겪는 각종 스트레스(불안, 우울, 거부감, 걱정 등)와 함께 가족의 대처 전략의 정도를 평가하고 단기가족교육 후 정신분열병에 대한 지식과 스트레스, 대처전략의 변화 정도를 대조군과 비교해 단기가족교육의 효과를 평가 하고자 하였다. 방법 : DSM-IV 진단기준에 따라서 분류된 정신분열병 환자의 가족 중에서 가족교육을 받은 24 명을 교육군으로 하고 동 질환으로 본과에 입원한 환자의 가족 중에서 22명을 선정하여 대조군으로 하였다. 교육군에게는 가족교육 전후에, 대조군에게는 환자 입원 시와 4주 이후에 두 번 설문지를 작성하도록 하였다. 사용된 설문지는 Family Coping Questionnaire(FCQ), Patient Rejection Scale(PRS), 걱정설문지, 지식설문지, Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) 등이다. 결과 : 1) 교육군에서 걱정설문지, BDI, STAI-S는 사후평가 점수가 사전평가 점수보다 유의하게 낮았고 FCQ의 사회적 관심항목과 지식설문지는 사후평가 점수가 사전평가 점수보다 유의하게 높았다. FCQ요인에서는 회피와 관련된 사회적 관심의 전략이 사후평가 점수가 사전평가 점수보다 유의하게 높았다. 반면에 대조군에서는 모든 설문지에서 사전평가 점수와 사후평가 점수 사이에 유의한 차이가 보이지 않았다. 2) 교육군에서 걱정설문지의 점수 차와 STAI-S의 점수 차 사이, 걱정설문지의 점수 차와 STAI-T의 점수 차 사이에 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었고 FCQ의 긍정적 상호작용항목의 점수 차와 PRS의 점수 차 사이, 지식설문지의 점수 차와 STAI-S의 점수 차 사이에는 유의한 부적 상관관계가 있었다. 반면에 대조군에서는 FCQ의 정보항목의 점수 차와 PRS의 점수 차 사이, 긍정적 상호작용항목의 점수 차와 PRS의 점수 차 사이에만 유의한 부적 상관관계가 있었다. 3) 교육군에서는 걱정설문지의 점수 차와 환자의 나이 사이에 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었고 지식설문지의 점수 차와 환자의 유병기간 사이에 유의한 부적 상관관계가 있었지만 대조군에서는 유의한 상관관계가 존재하지 않았다. 결론 : 단기가족교육 후에 가족들의 지식이 증가하고 걱정과 불안감이 감소하였으며 환자에게서 벗어나 사회적 관심이 높아지게 되었다. 한편, 교육군에서는 지식의 증가에 따라 불안감이 감소했지만 대조군에서는 상관 관계가 없었다. 또한 교육군과 대조군 모두에서 지식의 변화와는 상관없이 거부감이 적어질수록 긍정적 의사소통의 대처전략을 많이 사용했고 대조군에서 거부감의 영향을 더 많이 받았다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2021

항-N-methyl-D-aspartate 수용체 뇌염(Anti-NMDAR encephalitis)은 NMDA 수용체에 대한 자가항체로 매개되는 신경 염증성 질환으로 초기에 뚜렷한 신경학 증상 없이 망상, 지각이상, 와해된 행동, 심한 불안, 인지기능저하 등의 정신증상이 두드러질 수 있다. 면역치료 혹은 종양제거와 같은 조기치료가 좋은 예후 인자이므로 질병초기에 정신질환과 구분하여 항-NMDAR 뇌염을 진단하는 것이 중요하다. 본 증례에서는 간질과 정신병적 증상을 보이는 26세 여성 A씨를 조기에 항-NMDAR 뇌염으로 확진한 뒤 양성 및 음성증상 척도(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, PANSS)를 사용하여 평가하였다. A씨의 항-NMDAR 뇌염 초기의 정신증상으로 PANSS에서 양성하위척도 보다 음성하위척도 점수가 더 높았다. 정신장애와 비교하여 항-NMDAR 뇌염 초기에 음성증상과 인지장애가 더욱 두드러질 가능성이 있다. A씨의 치료로는 rituximab과 난소 기형종의 제거가 효과적이었고 항정신병제로는 quetiapine을 사용하였다. 특히 젊은 여성에서 망상, 행동장애와 함께 음성증상, 인지장애, 긴장증, 의식수준의 변화, 운동이상증상 등이 관찰될 때 항-NMDAR 뇌염에 대한 평가를 고려해야 한다.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.280-287
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• 2011

목적: 미숙아에서 위액 내 Ureaplasma urealyticum 의 검출이 미숙아의 특징과 임상적 예후에 어떤 영향을 주는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 미숙아를 대상으로 출생 후 30분 이내에 첫 위액은 채취하였고, 위액 내 U. urealyticum 이 검출되는지를 확인하기 위해 24시간 이내에 배양을 실시하였다. 그리고 U. urealyticum 이 검출된 군을 양성군으로, 검출되지 않은 군을 음성군으로 나누었다. 결과: 91명의 미숙아 중에서 17명(19%)에서 위액 내 U. urealyticum 이 검출되었다. U. urealyticum 양성군에서 음성군보다 통계학적으로 30주 미만의 미숙아 수가 더 많았고(P=0.02), 1분과 5분 아프가 점수가 더 높았으며(P=0.017과 P=0.048), 그리고 질식 분만이 더 많았다(P=0.000). 두 군간에 기관지폐이형성증의 발생률은 차이가 없었지만, 이전에 신생아호흡 곤란증 진단 없이 기관지폐이형성증의 발생한 빈도는 음성군(1%)보다 양성군 (11%)에서 의미 있게 높았다(P=0.03). 결론: 위액 내 U. urealyticum 검출은 임신 기간 30주 미만 미숙아에서 높게 관찰되고, 미숙아에서 선행되는 신생아호흡곤란증후군이 없이도 발생할 수 있는 기관지폐이형성증을 예측하는데 도움이 된다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2016

Unfortunately, the five-year survival rate of lung cancer is relatively low compared with other cancers. Therefore, better predictors are need for prognosis, therapeutic strategy, risk stratification and predicting long-term mortality of lung cancer. Recently, increasing data suggest that Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) and procalcitonin levels are useful predictor cancer prognosis. In this study, we retrospectively investigated the correlation of GPS or procalcitonin to clinical variables in patients with pretreatment lung cancer. In 135 patients with pretreatment lung cancer, GPS, procalcitonin, demographic characteristics, hematological, coagulation, biochemical, inflammatory and cardiac markers were measured. Monocyte, eosinophil, basophil, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet to lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume to platecrit ratio, D-dimer and prothrombin time (PT) levels were higher, whereas mean platelet volume was lower than their normal ranges. Glucose and sodium levels were low, whereas gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin, creatinine and inorganic phosphorus concentrations were increase compared their normal ranges. Procalcitonin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and troponin-I concentrations were elevated compared with their normal ranges. GPS had significantly positive or negative relations to cancer stage, hematological, coagulation, biochemical, inflammatory and troponin-I. Based on the data, we suggest that GPS may be a potent and useful predictor for prognosis, therapeutic strategy, risk stratification and predicting long-term mortality of lung cancer.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2012

Objectives Despite the growing research interest in the role of immunological markers in schizophrenia, a few studies, with conflicting results, have focused on the association between high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels and clinical characteristics in schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to examine the association of serum hs-CRP with psychopathology in schizophrenia. Methods Fifty-five inpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were enrolled. Serum levels of hs-CRP were measured, and each patient was assessed with the Korean version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results In correlation analysis of hs-CRP with PANSS subscales, positive subscale score has significant positive correlation (r = 0.271, p = 0.046). In independent t-test analysis, subjects with hs-CRP > 0.3 mg/dL (elevated CRP group, n = 43) had significantly higher PANSS positive subscale score (t = -3.273, df = 24.107, p = 0.003) than those with hs-CRP ${\leq}$ 0.3 mg/dL (normal CRP group, n = 12). Conclusions Elevated serum levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein in schizophrenia are associated with the severity of psychotic symptoms.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2003

Purpose : This comparative study was designed to compare job characteristics and job satisfaction in correctional nurses and hospital nurses. Methods : The participants for this study were 96 nurses (46 correctional nurses, 50 hospital nurses). The survey instruments included Job Diagnostic Survey(JDS) developed by Hackman & Oldman (1980) and amended by Lee(1997) and Index of Work Satisfaction(IWS) developed by Stamps and Piedmonte (1978) and amended Park & Yun (1992). Data were analyzed using of means, percentages, $x^2$ - test, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient with SPSS program. Results : 1) Differences in job characteristics between correctional nurses and hospital nurses were not significant, but the mean score for correctional nurses' skill variety was significantly higher (t=-1.99, p<0.05) than hospital nurses 2) Differences in job satisfaction between two group were not significant, but the mean score for correctional nurses' pay satisfaction was significantly lower (t=-3.67, p<0.01.) than hospital nurses 3) There were significant negative correlations(r=-.544, p<.01) between correctional nurses' job characteristics and job satisfaction related to pay, but significant positive correlations (r=.331, p<.05) between job characteristics and professional status of job 4) There were significant positive correlations (r=.283, p<.05) between hospital nurses' job characteristics and job satisfaction, job characteristics and professional status of job (r=.530, p<.O1), and positive correlations between autonomy of job characteristics and job satisfaction (r=.522, p<.01). Conclusion : The results suggest a redesign of correctional nurses' job and improvement of outcomes. it is also recommended that job be done toward expanding and improving the reward system

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.40-55
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• 1993

To obtain information about knowledge and attitude toward sex, sexural experience and need of sex education, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 599 students who were attended in 2nd grade of 2 girls' high schools(A group: 190 girls), 2 vocational girls' high schools(B group: 205 girls), and 2 special girls' high school attached to industrial company(C group: 204 girls) in Taegu city between 20th and 25th April 1992. Mean score of knowledge toward sex of the total was 9.3. Mean score of A group was higher than that of Band C groups. Among the total students, vocational high school girls were the highest affirmative attitude towards the acquaintance and relationship with the other sex, and the next was special high school girls. Students of B group assumed the highest negative attitude towards artificial abortion, and the lowest was A group. Among the respondent girls, 31.1% did not experienced in the acquaintance and relationship with the other sex and 86 girls(14.4%) had experience with sexual affairs. Most of girls(96.9% of A group, 90.4% of B group and 86.8% of C group) agreed to necessity of sex education, and answered that current education on sex was insufficient to them(80.6% of A group, 82.6% of B group and 62.4% of C group). Among what the surveyed girls wanted to know about knowledge towards sex, they showed the highest interest on the acquaintance and relationship with the other sex(A group: 44.7%, B group: 45.4%, C group: 56.4%). And they showed the second highest interest on pregnancy and delivery(A group: 33.2%, B group: 32.6% , C group: 26.5%). There was no unique difference among each surveying item. Most of the students(A group: 46.8%, B group: 40.1%, C group: 36.3%) thought it better that the time they wanted to get education on sex in 5th or 6th grade of elementary schools and to have a regular curriculum on sex education.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.973-985
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the possible impact factors on adults' self-reports of dry mouth and to develop strategies to improve oral health education policy. Methods : This study was conducted on a total of 622 self-administered questionnaires adult above 20 and under 65 years of age living in Seoul and Gyeonggi provinces. The final participants consisted of 443 adults without chronic illness, taking medications and wearing dentures. The Hierarchical Multiple Regression model with three stages was used to assess the association for exposure of interest, such as socio-demographics, health-related behavior, mental health and self-reported of dry mouth. Results : The participants reported mean score of dry mouth($6.32{\pm}4.47$), of which 191 were male($6.81{\pm}4.56$) and 252 were female($5.94{\pm}4.37$). Hierarchical Multiple Regression revealed that the score of dry mouth was shown to be significantly higher for the following people: Males, who were employed, unemployed, negative self-perceived general health, perceived stress, and participants who had no experience awareness of distress in two weeks. The explanatory power was 21.9%. The most powerful impact factor regarding to employment was shown to be negatively associated to dry mouth, and self-perceived general health, experiencing awareness of distressful in two weeks was also important factors. Conclusions : Based on these results in order to develop oral health education policy strategies for the prevention and management of dry mouth, there need to be considered for the employee.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2000

Objective: The nm23 gene has been identified as a potential metastasis suppressor gene in various human neoplasms. Both Bcl-2, which promotes cell survival, and Bax, which promotes cell death, have been considered as major factors in controlling the apoptotic pathway. This study was carried out to determine whether these markers are useful in distinguishing potential intrinsic differences in tumor virulence of papillary thyroid cancers. Material and Method: The expressions of nm23, Bcl-2 and Bax have been evaluated using immunohistochemical techniques in 100 pure papillary thyroid cancers and 20 metastatic lymphnodes. The intensity of immnunoreactivity was graded on arbitrary four point scale(grade 0 or 1 : negative reactivity, grade 2 or 3 positive reactivity). The immunoreactivities were analyzed in relation to TNM atage, AMES score, local recurrence and distant metastasis, and that of metastatic LNs was compared with the tumors. Results: The expression of Bcl-2 and bax did not show any statistical differences by TNM stage, AMES score, recurrence, distant metastasis and also between the tumor and metastatic LN. However, the nm23 showed higher expression of Ki67 in distant metastasis than in control group and in metastatic LNs than in the tumors(p<0.05). Conclusion: Although the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein showed no correlation with clinical parameters representing tumor virulence, the nm23 expression could be an useful prognostic factor, especially in predicting nodal or distant metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer.