• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.221-227
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• 2022

This study purports to deal with so-called basic income policy that Korea society has paid a great amount of attention to in welfare policy area. As an introduction, the definitions of basic income policy, and her natures and characteristics, and ideological foundation will be covered. Then, this study will discuss current debating issues upon basic income policy around the world such as basic income policy vs pre-existing social security systems, basic income policy and labor supply, the potential effect of basic income policy upon income redistribution, and feasibility of basic income as an actual policy. In conclusion, this study will investigate major criticisms on basic income policy and suggest viable paths that interested researcher should take for further study on basic income.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.3 s.151
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• pp.487-496
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• 2006

This study examined the pedagogical approaches on the development of creativity in fashion design education for the 21 st century. In this paper, the concept of the creativity was analyzed with the purpose of devising detailed educational methods by investigating into cognitive and pedagogical natures of the constituents of creativity. One of the most crucial aspects of the creativity is problem solving capability and it was reviewed how creative problem solving capability is applied to the areas of arts and designs. This study particularly explored the specific roles intuition plays in the development of creativity. Insights are very important in enhancing and maintaining creativity and it was shown that intuition can stimulate and reinforce the insights. Also it was suggested was that the development stages of intuition are consistent with the development sequences of creativity in arts and designs. Recommendations for further studies were included.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.955-963
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• 1999

다단계 보안 실시간 데이타베이스 시스템은 데이타베이스의 일관성 유지와 실시간 요구인 마감시간의 만족, 그리고 기밀성을 띤 데이타가 노출될 수 있는 비밀채널(covert-channel)의 방지라는 요구사항을 모두 만족해야 한다. 기존의 SRT-2PL(Secure Real-Time 2 Phase Locking)은 원본과 복사본으로 데이타 객체를 분리시켜 다른 등급간에 불간섭(non-interference)을 유지하여 비밀채널의 방지를 가능하게 하였으나, 복사본이 모든 데이타 객체에 대해 항상 존재하므로 메모리의 낭비가 있을 수 있고, 복사본의 갱신을 위한 갱신 큐의 관리에 따르는 오버헤드와 그에 따른 예측성 결여라는 문제점을 갖고 있다. 이를 개선하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 다단계 보안 실시간 데이타베이스 시스템의 요구사항을 모두 만족하는 동적 복사 프로토콜을 제안한다. 동적 복사 프로토콜은 로킹 기법을 기초로 동작하고, 트랜잭션의 작업에 따라 동적으로 복사본을 생성하고 삭제한다. 모의 실험 결과 제안한 동적 복사 프로토콜은 비밀채널을 방지하고 동적인 복사본의 생성으로 SRT-2PL의 단점인 메모리 낭비를 줄일 수 있으며, 예측성을 높여 마감시간 오류율을 감소시켰다.Abstract Concurrency control of real-time secure database system must satisfy not only logical data consistency but also timing constraints and security requirements associated with transactions. These conflicting natures between timing constraints and security requirements are often resolved by maintaining several versions(or secondary copies) on the same data items. In this paper, we propose a new lock-based concurrency control protocol, Dynamic Copy Security Protocol, ensuring both two conflicting requirements. Our protocol aims for reducing the storage overhead of maintaining secondary copies and minimizing the processing overhead of update history. Main idea of our protocol is to keep a secondary copy only when it is needed to resolve the conflicting read/write operations in real time secure database systems. For doing this, a secondary copy is dynamically created and removed during a transaction's read/write operations according to our protocol. We have also examined the performance characteristics of our protocol through simulation under different workloads while comparing the existing real time security protocol. The results show that our protocol consumed less storage and decreased the missing deadline transactions.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39B no.4
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• pp.216-227
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• 2014

Mechanical Relay (McR) is a relaying architecture to enable data communications, where it can endure the transportation delay and intermittent disconnection. Every kind of vehicular infrastructures can be readily utilized for the mechanical relaying in the manner of moving natures, which brings the most significant consequences compared to conventional relaying schemes. In this paper, we analyze the ergodic network throughput of McR in wireless line networks (WLN) to compare the results between employing McRs and direct multi-hopping through the users without McRs. We demonstrate the McR scheme that are not only Ve-SISO but also Ve-SIMO/MISO. The numerical results of ergodic network throughputs contribute to the trade-off relation depending on the speed v of McRs, intensity factors ${\lambda}_u$ and ${\lambda}_r$, and the methods of how McRs are utilized.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.165-175
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• 2006

The discussion about capacity development (CD) has been spotlighted as significant drivers for sustainable development in recent years. Multi-dimensional natures of capacities would lead to various definitions of CD in international institutes and organizations. CD is perceived as an endogeneous process to improve actionable learning and knowledge, but most of core capacities still remain abstract notion and might be unreliable in sustainable development (SD). The paper first explicates international perspectives of CD in association with SD. An agent-based model is especially proposed to portray more details of CD. It illuminates the role of assets (or capitals, resources) in agents to impact on ingredients of CDs that are drivers or enablers for improvement of SD. A definition of sustainable capacity development is firstly articulated in international society and its conceptual framework is also creatively designed to assist concerned international organizations. The paper concludes by proposing practical spatial asset mapping linking to agent-based organizational capacity as a tool for measuring sustainable capacity development.

• Clean Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2004

This study examined the separation characteristics of some of the most commonly used disperse, reactive and acid dyes by nanofiltration membrane. The chemical characteristics of three major dye solutions such as chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total organic carbon, color, suspended solids, total dissolved solids, conductivity were investigated in this work. Experiments showed that the types of dye had a significant effect on both permeate flux and rejection efficiencies mainly due to the differences among their chemical structures and natures. Especially, the nanofiltration of reactive dye solutions showed higher permeate flux, lower total dissolved solid rejection efficiency and higher organics rejection efficiency than those of disperse dye solutions.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.142-151
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• 1991

In the present investigation, it has been proposed to utilize a direct contact heat exchanger as an evaporator to solve the difficulties such as scaling, corrosion and law thermal efficiencies, associated with the conventional evaporator. Liquified nitrozen was utilized as a working fluid to investigate basic natures of bubble dynamics in the evaporator, and spray nozzles were adopted to inject liquified nitrozen into the spray column with varying flow rates of dispersed phase fluids. Experimentations were carried out in the range of $6.54{\times}10^{-4}kg/s$ - 0.030 kg/s for dispersed phase flow rates with one, three and five nozzle holes. Observing the bubble dynamics for the evaporator the feasibility of utilizing a direct contact heat exchanger as a LNG evaporator has been evaluated. The results show that no eruption phenomena was observed in the present investigation with $LN_2$ and the interface between $N_2$ bubbles and water was fully turbulent. It is believed that the high injection velocity of $LN_2$ through the spray nozzles provide good mixing effects for both heat and mass transfers between water and $N_2$ bubbles. Ice was formed on the surface of the spray nozzle for higher $LN_2$ flow rates. However, even in this case, it is observed that the ice was detached as soon as it was formed. Under the present experimental conditions, the shapes of $LN_2$ bubbles were in the spherical-cap region according to the Clift, Grace and Weber Graphs. The height of foam region caused by the breakup of larger bubbles keeps increasing with high injection velocities until it reaches it's maximum height.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.87-99
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• 1998

Mathematics education is very important in future because mathematics is the basis of every study, for example, natural and social science, etc. Our nation wide curriculum has been revised six times since 1948. In 1992, the sixth revision was enforced and we are using the revised textbook now. This study aims at helping of continuous investigation for educational curriculum and textbook, and aims at efficient teaching by preventing unnecessary repetition and excessive gap in real field by analyzing the articulation of Analytics part in school textbook from elementary to high school. This thesis consists of the followings. 1.Investigation of the principles and natures of articulation along with curriculum course and notice the articulation based on the analysing tools. 2.Importance of learning functions. 3.To get the propriety, formation of 8 judging group and classification of content materials in function chapters by the judges based on the analyzing tools. 4.Analysis of presentation method and terminologies in the first concepts, suggestion teaching method to reduce gap and help of understanding on first concepts in the study of function. As a result 'development' consists of 55.8% of the total and it is higher than 'duplication' and 'gap'. To be specific in periods, between elementary school and middle school 'development' takes 64.5% and this shows an acceptable articulation in the period. While 39.4% of 'gap' in articulation between middle school and high school looks high compared with 'gap' between the previous periods. The item suggested with the 'gap' is the 'definition of function', 'value of function', 'parallel translation', 'exponential and logarithmic function'. It is observed that these materials is suddenly appeared in high school.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.453-461
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• 2009

Camera monitoring of topographical changes of intertidal flat was performed at Daehang-ri mud flat outside Semangeum sea dike No. 1, where creation of mud flat was reported after sea dike construction. Ground survey on the mud flat is often limited only to points or few line surveys because of difficulty of walking and limitation of working hours by flood/ebb. This study uses natures of tide that the water lines moving on the intertidal flat during a flood indicate depth contours between low and high tide. Ground coordinates for the water lines extracted from the consecutive images of intertidal flat are calculated and information of topography is acquired by integrating all the water line data. Analysis of 6 camera monitoring data between September 2005 and September 2009 shows 0.127 m deposition per year on the average and variation of deposition/erosion in space and time.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.473-483
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• 1998

The igneous rocks in the Goseong area are composed of the volcanic rocks (andesitic lapilli tuff and rhyodacite), Bulgugsa granites (Hornblende-biotite granite and two pyroxene granite) and intrusive andesites. In the variation diagrams of the trace and rare earth element contents and elemental ratios as well as the REE patterns, the three igneous rock types show different variational trends and patterns. The geochemical features represent that the igneous rocks in the area were formed from three different magmatic pulses. Two independently carried out Rb-Sr isotope experiments for the Goseong granites show that the whole rock ages and Sr initial ratios of the granites are $66.4{\pm}6.2Ma$, $0.70517{\pm}22(2{\sigma})$ and $71.3{\pm}6.8Ma$, $0.70506{\pm}18(2{\sigma})$, respectively. These results suggest that the granites magma originated from the lower crustal materials of igneous origin intruded into the area during the late Cretaceous period. Masan hornblende-biotite granite emplaced at the vicinity of the Goseong area is very similar to the Goseong granite in its mineral compositions, major, trace and rare earth element contents and patterns. The intruding age (100 Ma) of the Masan granite is order than that of the Geseong granite, however. The similarity of the geochemical natures but the contrast of the intruding ages between the Masan and Goseong granites possibly indicate that the magma generation from the same source materials occurred at a temporal interval of ca. 30 Ma.