• 약학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2006

Acanthopanax species have traditionally been used as a tonic, a sedative as well as in the treatment of rheumatism, hypertension and diabetes. In the present study, oxidative stress was induced in Vero cells by incubating the cells with glucose and the cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The concentration of glucose which 50% of cell viability was 125 mM $(IC_{50})$ and the cell viability was increased to $87.6{\pm}8.8%$ by treatment of the extracts of Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus. The antioxidative activity of water extract of different parts of the Acanthopanax plant was investigated by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay, xylenol orange assay, TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) assay and enzyme (superoxide anion and catalase) assay. Each extract (leaves, root, stem and fruits) of the plant showed free radical and $H_2O_2$ scavenging activity. The extract also inhibited lipid peroxidation and recovered enzyme (superoxide anion dismutase and catalase) activity in Vero cells treated with glucose.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.1458-1468
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• 2002

There is increasing interest in exploiting natural products as feed additives to solve problems in animal nutrition and livestock production. Essential oils and saponins are two types of plant secondary compounds that hold promise as natural feed additives for ruminants. This paper describes recent advances in research into these additives. The research has generally concentrated on protein metabolism. Dietary essential oils caused rates of NH$_3$ production from amino acids in ruminal fluid taken from sheep and cattle receiving the oils to decrease, yet proteinase and peptidase activities were unchanged. Hyper-ammonia-producing (HAP) bacteria were the most sensitive of ruminal bacteria to essential oils in pure culture. Essential oils also slowed colonisation and digestion of some feedstuffs. Ruminobacter amylophilus may be a key organism in mediating these effects. Saponin-containing plants and their extracts appear to be useful as a means of suppressing the bacteriolytic activity of rumen ciliate protozoa and thereby enhancing total microbial protein flow from the rumen. The effects of some saponins seems to be transient, which may stem from the hydrolysis of saponins to their corresponding sapogenin aglycones, which are much less toxic to protozoa. Saponins also have selective antibacterial effects which may prove useful in, for example, controlling starch digestion. These studies illustrate that plant secondary compounds, of which essential oils and saponins comprise a small proportion, have great potential as 'natural' manipulators of rumen fermentation, to the potential benefit of the farmer and the environment.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.100-100
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• 2019

매실에는 구연산, 사과산, 주석산, 피루브산 등의 유기산 등이 함유되어 있어서 체내의 대사작용을 돕고 세포와 근육에 필요물질인 젖산을 분해하여 피로를 감소시켜주며 신진대사를 촉진하고 있다. 또한 피루브산은 간의 피로, 해독작용을 활발하게 도와주며 카테킨산은 장내의 유해균의 번식을 억제하여 식중독을 예방하고 있다. 또한 이러한 작용은 설사와 변비를 치료하는데도 효과가 있으며 다량의 비타민C의 함유로 인하여 체내의 피로회복을 돕고 있다. 이러한 효능을 가진 매실은 전라남도 해안가에서 주로 재배하고 있다. 특히 순천과 광양지역에서 다양한 품종들을 재배하고 있다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 순천과 광양지역에 재배되고 있는 남고, 천매, 고성, 앵숙, 풍후, 옥영, 임주, 청축, 백가하 등의 잎과 과육, 핵의 추출물로부터 폴리페놀 성분은 핵, 과육보다 잎에서 양호한 반응을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과들을 중심으로 매실의 각 부위별 항산화 활성을 조사하였던 바, 매실의 대부분의 품종에서 항산화 활성이 양호하게 나타났으며 부위별에서는 핵보다는 잎과 과육에서 양호한 항산화 활성을 보였다. 품종별로는 앵숙, 남고, 청축에서 다소 양호한 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과들로 미루어 볼 때 매실의 항산화 활성은 품종별, 부위별로 상이한 반응을 나타내었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.352-355
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• 2004

The extracts from 70 different plant natural products were used to investigate the antimicrobial activities against Brachyspira hyodrsenteriae, the causative agent of swine dysentery. Among them, the extracts from Terminalia chehula exhibited the highest antimicrobial activities against B. hyodysenteriae. It showed the antimicrobial activity against B. hyodysensteriae mostly in parts of its shell. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the water extracts of T chehula was 12.5 mg/ml. After organic solvent extractions, the ethylacetate extracts exhibited higher antimicrobial activities against B. hyodysenteriae, and their antimicroactivities were similar to that of the tannin. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the extracts from T chebula may be used as animal feed additives for their antimicrobial activities against B. hyodysenteriae.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.171-174
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• 2007

Neuronal death is a common characteristic hallmark of a variety of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. However, there have been no effective drugs to successfully prevent neuronal death in those diseases, whereas oriental medicinal plants have to possess valuable therapeutic potentials to treat neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, in an attempt to provide neuroprotective agents from natural plants, 80% methanol extracts of a wide range of medicinal plants, which are native to Jeju Island in Korea, were prepared and their protective effects on hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death were examined. Among those tested, extracts from Smilax china and Saururus chinesis significantly decreased hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death. The extracts attenuated hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$)-induced caspase-3 activation in a dose-dependent manner. Further, plant extracts restored $H_2O_2$-induced depletion of intracellular glutathione, a major endogenous antioxidant. The data suggest that Jeju native medicinal plants could potentially be used as therapeutic agents for treating or preventing neurodegenerative diseases in which oxidative stress is implicated.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.382.3-382.3
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• 2002

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease characterized by the accumulation of lipids and fibrous elements in the arteries. Monocytes/macrophages are involved in many aspects of the development of atheroscleotic plaques. It is known that the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expressed preferentially on endothelial cells of atheroscleotic plaque. promotes local adhesion and transendothelial migration of monocytes, neutrophils. and lymphocytes. Using the human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell line, we investigated the inhibitory effects of methoanol extracts of 175 plants on ICAM-1/LFA-1 mediated cell adhesion. Eight kinds of methanol extracts of tested plants inhibited PMA-induced homotypic aggregated cell adhesion. Eight kinds of methanol extracts of tested plants inhibited PMA-induced homotypic aggregation of HL-60 cells without cytotoxicity at the concentration of 6.25 ${\mu}$g/ml. $CHCl_3$ extracts (1.0 ${\mu}$g/ml) of Saururus chinensis and Chloranthus japonicus significantly inhibited agregation of HL-60 cells without cytoxicity.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1547-1552
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• 2009

본 연구는 육계 사료에 식물추출물($Coxynil^{(R)}$, $Growell^{(R)}$ 그리고 $Respowell^{(R)}$)의 첨가가 육계의 성장, 혈액 성상 그리고 조직 내 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하고, 또한 항생제 대체효과가 가능한가를 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 총 40,000수의 Ross 종 수평아리를 공시하여 34일 동안 사양실험을 실시하였으며, 대조군(CON)으로 salinomycin-6, clopidol-25, enramycin-1 그리고 BMD-2.5를 포함하는 항생제 첨가사료를 20,000수에게 급여하였으며, 식물추출물 급여군(NP)은 항생 제대체제로 Growell India사에서 판매되는 $Coxynil^{(R)}$, $Growell^{(R)}$ 그리고 $Respowell^{(R)}$을 각각 0.03%, 0.035% 그리고 0.03%씩 첨가하여 20,000수에게 급여하였다. 종료시 체중, 증체량 그리고 사료섭취량에 있어서 CON과 NP간의 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으나 NP군의 사료섭취량이 다소 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 한편 시험기간 동안 CON군은 총 1,693 수가 폐사하였으나 NP 군은 1,008수가 폐사하여 식물추출물의 급여가 육계를 보다 건강하게 생육시키는 긍정적인 결과를 보였다. 항체 생성 반응에 있어서는 NP군이 CON군에 비하여 낮은 IBDV와 NDV 항체역가를 나타내었다. 혈액 중 total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, globulin 및 IgG 함량에서도 NP군과 CON군 간의 유의적인 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 실험 종료후, 각 장기의 조직을 적출한 후에 조직 상태를 조사한 결과 CON군과 NP군 간의 큰 차이점이 발견되지 않았다. Salinomycin-6, clopidol-25, enramycin-1 및 BMD-2.5 등의 항생제를 각각 Cinnamomum camphora, Zingiber officinale 그리고 Operculina turpethum을 주성분으로하는 $Coxynil^{(R)}$, $Growell^{(R)}$ 및 $Respowell^{(R)}$으로 대체하여 육계 사양실험을 실시한 결과, 상호간에 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 본 연구 결과를 통하여, 상기 3종류의 식물 추출물들의 복합첨가는 육계 사양시 항생제를 대체할 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 1997

NAD(P)H:quinone reductase (QR) is one of the protective phase II enzymes against toxicity that accomplishes the capacity of detoxification by modulating the effects of mutagens and carcinogens. The detoxification mechanism is that quinone reductase promotes the 2-electron reduction of quinones to hydroquinones which are less reactive. This study is to search new inducers of quinone reductase from natural products, which can be used as cancer chemopreventive agents. Plant extracts were evaluated by using quinone reductase generating system With Hepa 1c1c7 murine hepatoma cell lines for enzyme inducing properties and crystal violet staining method for the measurement of cytotoxicity provoked. We have tested approximately 106 kinds of natural products after partition into n-hexane, ethyl acetate and aqueous layers from 100% methanol extracts of natural products. The ethyl acetate fractions of Vitex rotundifolia $(fruits,\;2FC:\;12.7\;{\mu}g/ml)$, Cnidium officinale $(aerial\;parts,\;2FC:\;10.5\;{\mu}g/ml)$, Chrysanthemum sinese $(flowers,\;2FC:\;17.4{\mu}g/ml)$ and the hexane fractions of Angelica gigas $(roots,\;2FC:\;13.2\;{\mu}g/ml)$, Smilax china $(roots,\;2FC:\;l1.9\;{\mu}g/ml)$, Sophora flavescens $(roots,\;2FC:\;16.3\;{\mu}g/ml)$ revealed the significant induction of quinone reductase in a murine hepatic Hepa 1c1c7 cell culture system.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2012

능소화 추출물의 HIV-1에 대한 항바이러스 효과를 복제 관련 효소에 대한 억제실험과 바이러스 복제억제 실험을 통하여 살펴보았다. 역전사효소 억제활성을 ELOSA 방법으로 실험한 결과 능소화 줄기의 물 추출물이 100 ${\mu}g$/ml 농도에서 각각 37.9%의 활성을 나타내었고, 능소화 잎과 줄기의 메탄올 추출물에서 33.6% 및 31.5%의 HIV-1 protease 억제활성 나타 내었다. 그리고 HIV-1 복제 억제활성은 MT-4 세포에 대한 HIV-1 유도 세포변성억제를 광학현미경으로 관찰하여 살펴본 결과 줄기의 물 추출물이 100 ${\mu}g$/ml 농도에서 HIV-1 바이러스 증식을 완전히 억제하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.512-516
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• 2008

To search for anit-H5N1 influenza virus agent, the anti-viral activity of methanol and aqueous extracts from thirty medicinal plants were examined in this study. The plant material (30 g) was extracted with methanol (300 mL) for 24 hr at room temperature. Methanol extracts were filtered and evaporated, then freeze-dried. Aqueous extracts were prepared with dried plant material (30 g) and hot distilled water (300 mL). After 3 hr, the aqueous extracts were filtered and evaporated, then lyophilized. Extracts prepared from different plants were tested the antiviral activity against influenza viruses [A/vietnam/1194/04 (H5N1)-NIBRG-14] using the hemagglutination (HA) assay. Among the test plants, Asarum sieboldii was found to be a potent inhibitor of H5N1 influenza virus in MDCK cell culture. Virus titers were 7 log, whereas with methanol extract of Asarum sieboldii for 48 hr titers were 3 log, indicating that methanol extract of Asarum sieboldii inhibited the H5N1 influenza viruses from the infected cells.