• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1046-1055
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• 2021

Vanillin is the primary flavor and fragrance compound of natural vanilla and is extensively used in the food, beverage, perfumery, pharmaceutical industries, and other applications. Vanillin can be produced by chemical synthesis, extraction from vanilla plants, microbial bioconversion of natural precursors to vanillin, and direct fermentation using glucose. Currently, most commercially available vanillin is produced by extraction from cured vanilla pods and by chemical synthesis using guaiacol and glyoxylic acid as starting raw materials. Due to environmental issues, health complaints, preference for natural sources, and the limited supply and soaring price of natural vanilla, biotechnology-based vanillin production is regarded as a promising alternative. As many microorganisms that are able to metabolize several natural precursors, including ferulic acid, eugenol, isoeugenol, and lignin, and accumulate vanillin, have been screened and evaluated, myriad strategies and efforts have been employed for the development of commercially viable production technology. This review outlines the recent advances in the biotechnological production of natural vanillin with the use of these natural precursors. Moreover, it highlights the recent engineering approaches for the production of natural vanillin from renewable carbon sources based on the de novo biosynthetic pathway of vanillin from glucose, together with appropriate solution strategies to overcome the challenges posed to increase production titers.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.17-20
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• 2003

The present study analyzed and compared the mutual information obtained by stimulating saleswomen with 6 natural fragrances 100% basil oil, Lavender oil, lemon oil, jasmine oil, ylang-ylang oil (KIMEX Co., Ltd.), and skatole. When stimulated with basil and skatole, which were less favored fragrances, the women produced a greater amount of mutual information than when not stimulated with any fragrance. In addition, a comparison among the effects of the fragrances revealed that the subjects tended to produce more mutual information regarding less favored fragrances than regarding more favored ones. This is because the amount of mutual information in the cerebrum is linked to the women's preference regarding fragrances. Consequently, less favored fragrances have been demonstrated clearly to produce more mutual information among the subjects.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.370-378
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• 2010

This review describes the stratagies of development of virus-resistant Alstroemeria plants using the genetic modification system. Despite of increasing of its importance in cut flower market, improvements of some horticultuirally important traits such as fragrance, long vase-life, virus resistance and tolerance against abiotic stresses are lack of the breeding program in Alstroemeria. Of these traits, virus-resistance is quite difficult to develop in Alstroemeria plants due to the limitations of genetic variation in the existed germplasm. To extend the genetic variation, plant biotechnological techniques such as genetic transformation and tissue culture should be combined to develop virus-resistant line in Alstroemeria. In this review, several strategies for the generation of virus-resistance by using natural resistance genes, pathogen-derived genes and other sources including pathogen-derived proteins, virus-specific antibodies and ribosome-inactivating proteins are presented. Also, brief histories of breeding, tissue culture, and transformation system in Alstroemeria plants are described to inderstand of the application of transgenic approach for the development of virus-resistance in Alstroemeria species.

• Journal of the FoodService Safety
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

As one of the post-COVID-19 response strategies, representative processed products derived from the natural plant material flaxseed and a dietary supplement fortified with female hormones (estrogens) were developed in Canada, an eco-friendly country was introduced. These products were: 1) flaxseed oil to help maintain cognitive and immune function, 2) Lignan50, a substance with effects similar to estrogen, a female hormone, 3) XanFlax, a thickener for confectionery/baking and egg substitute, 4) MediFlax, a constipation reliever, 5) SesaFlax, which has a fragrance similar to sesame, 6) Linusorb, which is effective for its pharmaceutical anti-inflammatory/anti-oxidation and anti-aging properties, and 7) LinuLyte, a water/electrolyte supplement containing high dietary fiber. It is expected that these dietary products will help maintain and promote health as part of a response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2023

Forest healing is an activity that enhances immunity and human health using various elements of nature, such as fragrance and scenery. Particularly, phytoncide composed of terpene, a natural volatile substance emitted by forest plants, activates the immune function and is an important raw material in health-related products, such as antibacterial and insect repellents. Moreover, phytoncide is used as a measure to evaluate the impact of the forest atmosphere on the human body. This study aims to implement a highly sensitive gas sensor system that can measure phytoncide in real-time, which is an essential element for realizing a forest healing environment. A gas generation apparatus was implemented by using an adsorption tube in consideration of filed applicability in a laboratory atmosphere to enable the measurement of α-pinene and limonene, which are among the main components of phytoncide. Throughout the experimental trials, the sensitivity of gas sensor arrays to α-pinene and limonene was confirmed. In addition, the classification results demonstrated the AVOCs and NVOCs can be well discriminated using PCA. The primary results confirmed the possibility of developing a high-sensitivity gas sensor system for phytoncide sensing in real time.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.479-488
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to re-interpret the traditional patterns in modern point of view and connect them to the apparel textile design to use them widely in our real life. For this, a documentary research on the traditional patterns and arabesque patterns was made first, and then, through the manual and photoshop workings, two apparel textile designs were suggested. As a result, the followings were acquired: First, the arabesque pattern, which is a traditional pattern of Korea, has a continuous life power and a natural formative characteristics. In its pattern, there is an abundant possibility of change. So, it has a wide usability regardless of time and space. As the symbolic image of the arabesque pattern is connected with the instinctive beauty sense of human beings, it has shown the more adhesive affinity that any other materials. Second, two kinds of textile design were suggested. The motif of work 1, "Fragrance of Woman," was the richness and the harmony, and so a lotus arabesque pattern was selected to present its concept, "Classic Elegance." The expression technique was to use a manual work and cloths to make it a voluminous one. The motif of work 2, "Green Field" was to show the clean beauty with a lotus arabesque pattern. Its concept was the "Natural Elegance," and the expression technique was to repeat the motif by using the Adobe Photoshop to complete the work.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2021

Among natural products, the shells of black walnut(Juglans nigra), which are not used commercially and mostly discarded, were examined to investigate the physiological activity and the efficacy for the cosmetic application. DPPH radical scavenging activity of hot water extract of black walnut shells was 76.06% at 300 ㎍/mL. ABTS radical scavenging activity of the extract was 61% at 1000 ㎍/mL, showing excellent antioxidant activity. When the black walnut shell extract was applied to HaCaT cells, a skin keratinocyte, the viability of the cells was 92.6% at 250 ㎍/mL, showing a remarkably low effect on cell viability. At the concentration of 500 ㎍/mL, 67.35% of nitric oxide(NO) production was inhibited. It also showed an inhibitory effect on Hyaluronidase 31 times higher than that of Vitamin C at 100 ㎍/mL concentration. In conclusion, the black walnut shell extract showed high potentials for the cosmeceutical applications, suggesting the possibility of using it as a high value-added natural material in various industries such as food, fragrance, healthcare, and pharmaceuticals.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.19-25
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• 2019

Objectives : Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol), a natural monoterpenoid phenol, is one of the major odorant constituents found in natural essential oils of various herbal plants, such as Thymus quinquecostatus and Thymus vulgaris. Multiple biological activities of thymol, including antioxidative, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects, have been reported in numerous in vitro studies, and recently it was suggested that thymol may could inhibit oxidization of L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) to dopaquinone required in melanogenesis pathway, as an antioxidant. Methods : MTT assay was performed to test the cytotoxic effect of thymol in B16F10 cells. Inhibitory effect of thymol to tyrosinase activities were examined using both mushroom tyrosinase and intracellular tyrosinase. Expression level of tyrosinase in B16F10 cells were investigated by western blot analysis. Results : The cell viability was decreased by thymol treatment in dose-dependant manner, leading significant cytotoxicity in 500 and $1000{\mu}M$ thymol-treated groups. In the alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (${\alpha}$-MSH)-induced melanogenesis, administration of thymol significantly decreased extracellular (secreted) melanin content in dose-dependent manner. Cellular tyrosinase activity assay and western blot analysis of intracellular tyrosinase showed that thymol has a strong anti-melanogenic effect by inhibition of tyrosinase activity and by decreasing expression of tyrosinase that contribute to melanin synthesis in the B1610 cells. Conclusions : As the first functional study that prove anti-melanogenic effect of thymol and its underlying mechanism in the living cells, our study suggests the applicability of fragrance as the functional materials of cosmetics or health supplement, not as just an additive.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.319-319
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• 2022

Dill(Anethum graveolens L.) is a buttercup family, and flowers, leaves, stems, and seeds are all mainly used as spices. This study was carried out to discover and propagate genetic resources for the development of plant-derived medicinal fragrance materials, and to establish a database. In order to investigate the genetic characteristics of dill and to extract natural essential oils, 50 resources were parceled out the genetic resource center, sown, germinated, and then formally cultivated in the test research field. After sowing and propagation of 50 dill resources, the characteristics of each individual such as plant height, the diameter of polychasium during flowering, and the number of small inflorescences were investigated. The flowering period of dill was around May 31 to June 17, and about 10% of the proliferating population flowered around May 31. The plant length of dill was 32-14 lcm, and the length of petiole was 1~16cm, showing an average of 5cm. The color of the stem and leaf color was referred to the RHS Color chart, and the colors were classified as 44S, 19 V, and 75DI. Uses as many resources as possible with 35 resources equivalent to 19V. Inflorescences are lateral and opposite, polychasium inflorescences are somewhat flat at the upper part and have a diameter of 4.5~20cm, and divergent inflorescences are irradiated with 5~86 multiple flowers. The number of pedicels is 16-74, and the length of the pedicel is 1-18cm spread sideways or the length is different from each other.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.36-43
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• 2020

The extracts of antioxidants, torreya nucifera and alphinia henryi, were tested for properties as a fragrance material and applied to a mask pack formulation to study the fragrance properties. The DPPH antioxidant test of hot water and ethanol extract confirmed that the ethanol extract had superior antioxidant efficacy compared to the hot water extract. It was confirmed that the optimal mixing ratio as a raw material for the mask pack of torreya nucifera and alphinia henryi was 3:7 as a result of the DPPH antioxidant test. As a result of the cytotoxicity test, the cell viability was good as it showed 103.30% at 0.5 ug/mL, 104.25% at 1 ug/mL, 102.56% at 5 ug/mL, and 99.17% at 10 ug/mL compared to the untreated group. As a result of the patch test on the mask pack formulation, the skin irritation index of 0.02 was judged as a non-irritation product in the skin irritation primary stimulation human application test. In the evaluation of skin moisturizing, it showed a significant increase rate of 19.178% compared to before the sample adaptation. Evaluation of the change over time in the sheet mask pack formulation confirmed the formulation stability without viscosity and pH change for 12 weeks at low temperature(4℃), room temperature(25℃), and high temperature(45℃).