• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2018

In the present study, when the surface of kenaf, which is an environmentally friendly natural fiber, was treated by using adhesive solution containing Chemlok 402, the effects of fiber surface treatment, fiber content and fiber length on the cure characteristics, hardness, tensile modulus and abrasion resistance of kenaf/natural rubber composites were investigated. The kenaf fiber contents consisting of the composites were varied with 0, 5, 10, 15, and 29 phr at a fixed fiber length of 2 mm and also the fiber length was varied with 2, 35, and 70 mm at a fixed fiber content of 5 phr. The Tmax and tc90 values, Shore A hardness, tensile modulus, and abrasion resistance of natural rubber composites strongly depended on the kenaf fiber content and length. The characteristics of the composite with kenaf fibers treated with the adhesive solution containing Chemlok 402 were higher than those untreated. This is ascribed to the improved interfacial adhesion between the treated kenaf fiber and the rubber matrix. This study suggests that an appropriate use of adhesive solution may be possible to increase the properties of natural fiber-reinforced composites.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.193-200
• /
• 2018

This paper presents an experimental work for short circular steel tube columns filled with normal concrete (NAC), recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), and RAC with silica fume and steel fiber. Ten specimens were tested under axial compression to research the effect of silica fume and steel fiber volume percentage on the behavior of recycled aggregate concrete-filled steel tube columns (RACFST). The failure modes, ultimate loads and axial load- strain relationships are presented. The test results indicate that silica fume and steel fiber would not change the failure mode of the RACFST column, but can increase the mechanical performances of the RACFST column because of the filling effect and pozzolanic action of silica fume and the confinement effect of steel fiber. The ultimate load, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of RACFST columns can exceed that of corresponding natural aggregate concrete-filled steel tube (NACFST) column. Design formulas EC4 for the load capacity NACFST and RACFST columns are proposed, and the predictions agree well with the experimental results from this study.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.215-224
• /
• 2020

In the present study, according to the important of porosity in low specific weight in comparison of high stiffness of carbon nanotubes reinforced composite, buckling and free vibration analysis of sandwich composite beam in two configurations, of laminates using differential quadrature method (DQM) is studied. Also, the effects of porosity coefficient and three types of porosity distribution on critical buckling load and natural frequency are discussed. It is shown the buckling loads and natural frequencies of laminate 1 are significantly larger than the results of laminate 2. When configuration 2 (the core is made of FRC) and laminate 1 ([0/90/0/45/90]_s) are used, the first natural frequency rises noticeably. It is also demonstrated that the influence of the core height in the case of lower carbon volume fractions is negligible. Even though, when volume fraction of fiber increases, the critical buckling load enhances smoothly. It should be noticed the amount of decline has inverse relationship with the beam aspect ratio. Investigating three porosity patterns, beam with the distribution of porosity Type 2 has the maximum critical buckling load and first natural frequency. Among three elastic foundations (constant, linear and parabolic), buckling load and natural frequency in linear variation has the least amount. For all kind of elastic foundations, when the porosity coefficient increases, critical buckling load and natural frequency decline significantly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.259-260
• /
• 2006

The ESPI(Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry) is a real time, full-field, non-destructive optical measurement technique. In this study, ESPI is proposed for the purpose of vibration analysis for new material, composite material. Composite materials have various complicated characteristics according to the ply materials, ply orientations, ply stacking sequences and boundary conditions. Therefore, it is difficult to analysis composite materials. For efficient use of composite materials in engineering applications the dynamic behavior, that is, natural frequencies, nodal patterns should be informed. If use Time-Average ESPI, can analyze vibration characteristic of composite material by real time easily. This study manufactured laminated composite of symmetry, asymmetry two kinds that is consisted of CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) and shape of test piece is rectangular form.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.183-186
• /
• 2003

Long shafts for power transmission should transmit torsional load with vibrational stability. Hybrid shafts made of unidirectional fiber-reinforced composite and metal have high fundamental bending natural frequency as well as high torque transmission capability. However, thermal residual stresses due to the coefficient difference of thermal expansion of the composite and metal are developed so that the high residual stresses decrease fatigue resistance of the hybrid shafts, especially at low operating temperatures. In this work, axial compressive preload was given to the shaft in order to change the residual stresses. Static and fatigue torsional tests were performed and correlated with stress analyses with respect to the preload and service temperature.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
• /
• v.16 no.9 s.114
• /
• pp.982-989
• /
• 2006

The centrifugal force acting on a rotating disk creates the in-plane loads in radial and circumferential directions. Application of fiber reinforced composite materials to the rotating disk can satisfy the demand for the increment of its rotating speed. However, the existing researches have been confined to lamina disks. This paper deals with the stress and vibration analysis of rotating laminated composite disks. The maximum strain theory for failure criterion is applied to determine the strength of the laminate disk from which the maximum allowable speed is obtained. Dynamic equation is formulated in order to calculate the natural frequency and critical speed for rotating laminated disks. The Galerkin method is applied to obtain the series solution. The numerical results are given for the cross-ply laminated composite disks.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.17-22
• /
• 2011

Ultimate goals in vehicle design can be summarized as environment-friendliness and safety. Along with these requirements, the importance of natural environment conservation has been focused lately. Therefore, reduced emission from vehicle and improved efficiency has become the top priority projects throughout the world. CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) of the advanced composite materials as structure materials for vehicles, has a widely application in lightweight structural materials of air planes, ships and automobiles because of high strength and stiffness. This study is to investigate the energy absorption characteristics of CFRP hat-shaped section members under the axial impact collapse test. The CFRP hat-shaped section members which manufactured from unidirectional prepreg sheets were made of 8plies. The axial impact collapse tests were carried out for each section members. The collapse mode and energy absorption characteristics were analyzed for CFRP hat-shaped section member according to the interface numbers(2, 3, 4, 6 and 7).

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.44-50
• /
• 1989

Using modal analysis method this paper examines the dynamic characteristics of composite material closely. Composite material is superior to conventional material in view of mechanical properties. So the laminate of CFRPis compared with ALPlate. As the results, the overall vibration level of CFRP is lower than that of AL Plate and is low when fiber direction is parallel to the fixed point. Also, the natural frequency of CFRP is situated in low frequency than that of AL.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 2000

In this study, the angular twist type torque-meter was designed and manufactured with STS 304 and fiber-reinforced composite materials to improve the dynamic properties of the existing torque-meter. From the Experimental and analytical results, it was found that the dynamic characteristics of co-cured bonded torque-meter rotating shaft were better than those of the adhesively and unreinforced torque-meter rotating shaft. For the torque-meter rotating shaft manufactured by co-cured bonded with the glass fiber-epoxy composite and with a stacking sequence of $[$\pm$30$^{\circ}$/STS304]_{2s}$, the natural frequency and the radial spring constant were increased by 64% and 137% compared to those of the unreinforced torque-meter rotating shaft.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.50 no.6
• /
• pp.773-796
• /
• 2014

This paper deals with free vibration analysis of continuous grading fiber reinforced (CGFR) and bi-directional FG annular sector plates on two-parameter elastic foundations under various boundary conditions, based on the three-dimensional theory of elasticity. The plates with simply supported radial edges and arbitrary boundary conditions on their circular edges are considered. A semi-analytical approach composed of differential quadrature method (DQM) and series solution is adopted to solve the equations of motion. Some new results for the natural frequencies of the plate are prepared, which include the effects of elastic coefficients of foundation, boundary conditions, material and geometrical parameters. Results indicate that the non-dimensional natural frequency parameter of a functionally graded fiber volume fraction is larger than that of a discrete laminated and close to that of a 2-layer. It results that the CGFR plate attains natural frequency higher than those of traditional discretely laminated composite ones and this can be a benefit when higher stiffness of the plate is the goal and that is due to the reduction in spatial mismatch of material properties. Moreover, it is shown that a graded ceramic volume fraction in two directions has a higher capability to reduce the natural frequency than conventional one-dimensional functionally graded material. The multidirectional graded material can likely be designed according to the actual requirement and it is a potential alternative to the unidirectional functionally graded material. The new results can be used as benchmark solutions for future researches.