• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.188-191
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• 2002

The hair designers are fashion leaders who affect hair color of people. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to give some tips to satisfy customers through surveying hair designers most like color and the criteria of products choice. To have practical result, I use survey method. I took 120 hair designers who work for Park Jun beauty salon for the survey data. Among these data, I used 103 for the final data of analysis. The results are following, male hair designers like natural brown and blue coral color for hair coating. In addition, they like black color for coloring. Female hair designers like much more various color, they like orange color for coating and natural brown for coloring. Hair designers much more satisfied for international brand goods in all criteria except price. All of hair designers have favorite goods for the quality and brand image. Therefore domestic brands need much more effort to improve quality and its brand image.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2004년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.36-39
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to extract the rage on exterior colors of Elementary schools in harmony with natural colors as the colors of sky and trees, of Which the colors is basically composing the natural environment. The theory of harmony in NCS relatively expressing the changed colors according to the color stimulation condition is the contrast of same color fit for the nature. NCS has a systematic open mind considering parts in the whole. The study suggests appropriate strategy for Eco-color scheme. The result shows that it's desirable to select YR Group in the elementray school of exterior color design, The Eco color planned by NCS is expected to clarify the interrelationship between children and environment. This practical use should be continuingly tried in the color design of interior for elementary schools.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2015

We employed the high-pressure high temperature (HPHT) process to enhance the colors of natural sapphires to obtain a vivid blue. First, we analyze the content of the coloring agent $Fe_2O_3$ using the wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WD-XRF) method. The HPHT procedure operates under 1 GPa at various temperatures of 1700, 1750, and $1800^{\circ}C$ for 5 minutes using a cubic press. We determine the color changes using the optical microscopic images, UV-VIS near-infrared (NIR) spectra, micro-Raman spectra, and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectra for all sapphire samples before and after the treatment. The optical microscopic results indicate that the HPHT process can enhance the sapphire color to a vivid blue at temperatures above $1750^{\circ}C$. The UV-VIS-NIR spectra identify the color changes explicitly and quantitatively through providing the Lab color scales and color differences. Both results demonstrate that the colors of natural sapphires can be enhanced to a vivid blue using the HPHT process above $1750^{\circ}C$ under 1 GPa for 5 minutes.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2011년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.345-357
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• 2011

Recently increasing eco-efficiency of natural dyeing has become an important topic. The purpose of this study was to manufacture colored Wall paper for interior materials by combining color therapy and natural dyeing. For this purpose, through experiments with water-bleed, K/S value and chroma changes of samples in Wall paper for interior materials.

• 감성과학
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 인체 친화적이고 환경 친화적인 패션제품 소재기획을 위한 기초 자료를 제시하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해서 4종의 섬유소 소재를 대상으로 염색조건을 달리하여 천연 쪽 염색을 실시하여 색채특성과 색채감성을 평가하였으며, 이러한 특성이 선호도에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 쪽 염색된 직물은 모두 중, 저명도와 저채도의 남색(PB)을 구현하였다. 이들 직물의 색채특성은 섬유종류와 염색조건에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다. 쪽 염색된 직물에 대한 색채감성은 스포티 감성, 클래식 감성, 내추럴 감성 등 3가지 요인으로 분류되었다. 이러한 색채감성은 섬유종류와 염색조건에 따라 부분적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 또한 쪽 염색 직물의 색채특성과 색채감성 요인 간에는 부분적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 쪽 염색 직물의 색채 선호도에 영향을 주는 요인으로는 색채감성 요인 중에서 클래식 감성과 스포티 감성, 색채특성에서는 $L^*$값인 것으로 나타났다.

• 복식
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• 제37권
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• pp.253-273
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• 1998

The culture reflects the ideology of a particular period in time and such values change according to the needs and requests of that time which eventually becomes an important factorin forming the exterior. The clothing is part of a way that composes and expresses the inherent substance of society and culture. Also, the clothing itself manifests the artistic values and behavior of mankind as an external structure maintaining its place as a big part in culture. The purpose of this study are to elucidat the concept of naturalism, which is discussed in many facets in the modern era; I studied the concept as well as the history of naturalism in order to manifest the meaning of clothing in the context of culture and I explained the concept in terms of the modern era. On such ground, I explained the naturalism expressed through clothing and characterized the exter-nal form of clothing. Also, in order to know the stream of naturalism in the modern context, I referred to the Vogue magazine of the 90s, using Delong's ABC method. Naturalism, in the context of modern fashion is a way to express the nostalgia of nature's vi-ability and purity of ecology apart from the artificial and structural appearance that resulted form scientific enhancement and hence, the ecological crisis. Naturalism pursues the soft- ness and comfort of the natural silhouette, color and material of the human body and it can be said that naturalism emphasizes the mix-ture of three substances : human, nature and clothing. The naturalism can be characterized by the factors expressed in clothing as follows. First, the naturalism shown in the form it-self draws the beauty of the bodyline without any reduction nor exaggeration. Without any distorttion of the human bodyline it shown the curve as one moves along, using the soft material. Second, the naturalism shown in color most-ly uses the natural tone with added white color and other color low in intensity and value like the receded colors of the earth that could be compared to the beauty of ecru. Third, the naturalism shown in the material is thin, light and soft in texture. In order to bring out the most natural curve of the human body, the natural fiber becomes the main material, sometimes, using crude materials. Due to the lindustrial improvement, softness and elasticity is added to the natural fibers giving them an important role as materials. Fourth, the naturalism shown in textile depicts the real natural objects in life. According to my study, the personality of naturalism in modern clothing was shown to be most strong in material and then in the order of form, texture and textile. The material com-posed of the natural silhouette and natural fibers were used to make soft color. In form, Paul Poiret made appearance expressing the natural beauty of the human body without the corset ; it continued with the inner lining making the clothing hard but in the 90s, lining-less, extremely exposed clothes and knit wear is used to emphasize the natural beauty of the body. In color and textile, the tendency spok-en above is not as strong but in color, instead of high intensity or value, the usage of neutral colors with added white color or ecru color, ear-th tone is increasing. In textile, the usage of flowers as natural material is seen frequently. As a whole, naturalistic trend in the 90s is increasing and the modern fashion is breaking out from the artificial and architectural form and conforming to a form that can realize the natural beauty of the human body. And the natural color and textile that conforms to such ideas are being used to pursue the human oriented trend that has appeared due to the increase in usage of soft natural fiber. Nowadays, the idea of returning to nature, defying the artificiality, desiring the leisure and psychological abundance that can be explained as naturalistic way of thinking is necessitated in this modern era as long as humans coexist with nature, this tendency will continue in clothing.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.82-96
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to enhance the usability of hanji fabrics by expanding the color space of hanji fabrics. For the expression of various colors of hanji fabrics, single and combination dyeing were carried out using natural indigo(Niram, Polygonum tinctorium), marigold extract colorant, and madder extract colorant for three types of hanji fabrics with different fiber compositions(hanji, hanji/cotton, hanji/silk). The light, medium, and deep colors obtained through individual single dyeing were shown to be PB Munsell colors in the case of indigo dyeing, Y color for marigold dyeing, and R color for madder dyeing. For combination dyeing, indigo dyeing was first carried out under the conditions for light, medium, and deep colors, respectively, and marigold or madder dyeing was performed thereafter. Indigo and marigold combination dyeing produced PB, B, BG, G, and GY Munsell colors and indigo and madder combination dyeing produced PB, P, RP, and R Munsell colors. Overall, the color change of hanji/silk fabric was more diverse than that of hanji fabric and hanji/cotton fabric. In the indigo, marigold, and madder combination dyeing into individual deep colors, blackish PB and P Munsell colors was obtained. Colorfastness to washing, dry cleaning, rubbing, and light were relatively good with above rating 4. Finally, 9 colors excluding YR color out of 10 Munsell color were obtained. We confirmed that the expansion of the color space of Hanji fabrics by the single and combination dyeing with indigo, marigold, and madder.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2009

The goal of esthetic restoration is to achieve morphologic, optical, and biologic acceptance. Creation of a natural looking ceramic restoration, which blends harmoniously with surrounding dentition, is not always achieved. A successful color match is an important aspect of any esthetic dental restoration. Since natural enamel has inherent translucency, it is important that ceramic restorations reproduce the translucency and color of the natural teeth. However, the final color match of porcelain crowns to adjacent natural dentition remains some problem. Difficulties related to color matching arise from the structural differences that exist between metal ceramic crowns and natural teeth, the limited range of available ceramic shades, inadequate shade guides, different types of metal alloys, repeated firing, the condensation technique, and varying compositions of ceramic materials. Many factors contribute to the esthetic success of dental restoration: optical properties such as color and its elements of hue, value, and chroma; translucency and opacity; light transmission and scattering; and metamerism and fluorescence. The purpose of this study was to determine the color changes of metal-ceramic system with different veneering porcelain powder after repeated firing. The objectives of this in vitro study were to measure the lightness($L^*$), chromaticity($a^*$), chromaticity($b^*$), chroma($C^*$), hue(h), reflectance(%), color difference(${\Delta}E$). The following conclusions were obtained: 1. An increase in the number of firings resulted in decrease in lightness($L^*$) but increase in chromacticity($a^*$) with all porcelain. After the second sintering resulted in decrease in chromacticity($b^*$) with opaque-dentin porcelain and dentin porcelain but in increase with enamel porcelain and translucency porcelain. And after the second sintering resulted in decrease in chroma($C^*$) with opaque-dentin porcelain and dentin porcelain, but on the whole side in decrease with enamel porcelain and translucency porcelain. 2. After the second firing, a increase in the number of firings resulted in decrease reflectance(%) in all wavelength. 3. There were noticeable color differences(${\Delta}E$) between first sintering and multiple firings(dentin porcelain: 5.29~8.15, opaque-dentin porcelain: 4.83~8.2, enamel porcelain: 8.93~13.15, translucency porcelain: 9.37~12.91), but the color difference(${\Delta}E$) after second sintering were down to 4.87 in all porcelain. 4. Given the NBS Criteria, a 'trace' was not found this study but a 'slight' was found 2-3, 3-5 in dentin porcelain, 2-3 in opaque-dentin porcelain, 3-5, 5-10 in enamel porcelain and translucency porcelain, a 'noticeable' was 2-5, 3-10, 5-10 in dentin porcelain and opaque-dentin porcelain, 2-3, 2-5, 3-10 in enamel porcelain 2-3, 3-10 in translucency porcelain, an 'appreciable' was 1-2, 1-3, 2-10 in dentin porcelain 1-2, 1-3, 2-10, 3-10 in opaque-dentin porcelain, 2-10 in enamel porcelain, 2-5, 2-10 in translucency porcelain, a 'much' was 1-5, 1-10 in dentin porcelain and opaque-dentin porcelain, 1-2, 1-3, 1-5 in enamel porcelain 1-2, 1-3, 1-5, 1-10 in translucency porcelain, a 'very much' was 1-10 in enamel porcelain.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.393-401
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• 2011

Natural Curcumin belongs to Zingiber Officinale Roscoe was known to possess natural odor, natural taste, natural color, and other pharmaceutical & chemical characteristics. Natural Curcumin extract was made to use ethanol as a solvent was to show a yellow color having state of solid powder and an active component. Natural Curcumin extract tested pharmaceutical & chemical experiment to dilute in curcumin 1%-water solution. Curcumin extract tested antimicrobial experiment using microbe, and tested dye experiment using fiber. Some conclusions in the result of characteristics experiment was obtained as follow. The result of antimicrobial experiment showed that the growth of staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-001) and aspergillus niger (ATCC-002) as microbes decreased according to passage of time. This phenomenon could know that Curcumin compoment showed influence to antimicrobial effect. Also, the result of dye experiment showed that cotton and sick with fiber dyeing dyed in direction of dark yellow color. This phenomenon could know that Curcumin extract showed influence to dyeing effect in observation of optical electron microscope(OEM.) The result of instrument analysis ascertained inorganic components of K(53.300ppm), Na(1.150ppm), Ca(0.711ppm), Ti(0.351ppm), Li(0.256ppm), Cu(0.233ppm) etcs from Curcumin component with ICP/OES, and ascertained organic components of propanoic acid(1.859), benzene(10.814), phenol(14.194) etcs from Curcumin component with GC/MSD.

• 한국염색가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국염색가공학회 2008년도 제38차 학술발표대회
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• pp.102-104
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• 2008

Natural indigo dye was prepared by extracting from Polygonum tintorium, precipitating with calcium hydroxide, and dried. Dyeing was carried out using sodium hydrosulfite as a reducing agent for the prepared natural indigo powder. K/S value, color property, and colorfastness of dyed fabrics were investigated. Optimum dyeing conditions obtained were 60$^{\circ}C$, 20min. Regardless of indigo dye and sodium hydrosulfite concentration, Munsell hue of dyed fabrics was PB color. Compared to the dyed fabric with both sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrosulfite, those with sodium hydrosulfite only showed higher color strength(K/S value). Colorfastness of dyed fabrics showed high rating except of wash/dry cleaning fastness of silk fabrics dyed low color strength.