• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the effectiveness of Offcial Development Assistance (ODA) in recipient countries' economy. ODA is designed to mitigate poverty and stimulate economic growth in the developing countries. We classify total ODA into bilateral ODA and multilateral ODA depending on the number of donor countries. If the ODA flows from one donor country to one recipient country, it is classified as bilateral ODA. If the multiple countries simultaneously become donor countries through the international organizations such as United Nations and World Bank, it is classified as multilateral ODA. This paper compares the effect of bilateral ODA and multilateral ODA in determining recipient countries' economic development, and tries to provide policy implications to Korean ODA. Research design, data, and methodology - Our primary explanatory variables are bilateral and multilateral ODA. Private credit in recipient countries is adopted as additional explanatory variables to capture the level of financial development in recipient countries. We measure the ODA effectiveness using economic growth and quality of life of the recipient countries as the dependent variable. We collect 142 recipient countries' data from OECD statistics, during the period from 1970-2014. Panel least squares estimation with country fixed effect is employed as the empirical model. Results - Our results support that ODA variable has a negatively significant impact on recipient countries' economic growth, while it is positively correlated with human development index. Recipient countries' private credit is positively correlated with economic growth and human development index. The interaction variable of ODA and financial development turns out to be significant in general. We find that the positive effect of ODA depends on recipient countries' financial market development and this effect is stronger in multilateral aid than bilateral one. Conclusions - From the analysis, we have confirmed that the recipient countries financial development is the necessity condition to achieve positive effect of ODA. Based on these results, we suggest that Korean government should increase the share of multilateral funding and pay attention to recipient countries' financial market development to maximize the effectiveness of ODA.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.629-640
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• 2022

본 연구는 2002-2020년 기간의 지역 데이터를 사용하여 지방정부규모와 지역경제성장 간의 관계를 분석하였다. 지방정부지출을 사회개발비와 경제개발비로 나누어 GRDP 성장률과 역U자 형태의 Armey 곡선의 관계가 존재하는지 검증하고, 최적의 지방정부지출의 수준을 살펴보고자 하였다. 특히, 추정방법에 있어서 패널자료에 존재하는 횡단면 의존성과 지역별 이질성을 고려한 AMG 추정법을 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 총지방재정지출 및 사회개발비의 규모와 지역경제성장 간에 역U자형 관계가 나타났고, 경제개발비와 지역경제성장 간에는 역U자형 관계가 존재하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 총지방재정지출 비중이 GRDP 대비 7.63%일 때, 사회개발비 비중은 3.45%일 때 지역경제성장률을 극대화할 수 있는 최적의 지출규모인 것으로 나타났다. 지방정부는 이러한 점을 고려하여 공공지출 정책의 실효성을 높여야 한다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.248-261
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• 2021

Scientific and technological performances (e.g., patents and publications) made through R&D play a pivotal role for national economic growth. National governments encourage academia-industry cooperation and thereby pursue continuous development of science technology and innovation. Increasing R&D-related investments and manpower are crucial for national industrial development, but evidence of poor performance in business performance, efficiency, and effectiveness has recently been found in Korea. This study evaluates performance efficiency of the 6T sector (Information Technology, Bio Technology, Nano Technology, Space Technology, Environment Technology, Culture Technology), which is considered a high-potential promising industry for the next generation growth and currently occupies two thirds of the national R&D projects. The study measures the relative efficiency of R&D in a comparative perspective by employing the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The result reveals overall low efficiency in basic R&D (0.2112), applied R&D (0.2083), development R&D (0.2638), and others (0.0641), confirming that economic performance and efficiency were relatively poor compared to production efficiency. Efficient R&D needs policy makers to create strategies that can increase overall efficiency by improving productivity performance and quality while increasing economic performance.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1237-1267
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• 2018

한국은 1945년 광복 후 개발도상국의 단계를 거쳐 선진국의 대열에 이르기 까지 지속적인 경제성장을 가져왔지만, 한국보다 15년 뒤인 1960년에 독립한 나이지리아는 매우 풍부한 자연자원을 가지고 있음에도 불구하고 여전히 빈곤을 극복하지 못한 개발도상국의 위치에서 머물고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국에서의 국가혁신체제와 경제개발계획이 경제발전에 끼친 영향을 고찰하여 개발도상국에 대한 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 검토 결과, 경제개발계획의 핵심적 성공요인은 구성요소간 유기적 커뮤니케이션, 지식 교환 및 국가혁신체제의 지속적 개선이었다. 특히 경제발전 관점에서 단계별 국가혁신체제는 매우 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있었다. 본 연구에서는 한국의 혁신체제관점에서의 발전경로를 기반으로 "multiple skipping"을 제안하고, 현재 나이지리아의 상황과 국가 수준의 지향점을 고려할 때 이를 통한 국가 발전을 계획하는 것이 보다 유용한 방법이 될 수 있을 것이라는 결론을 제시하였다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.316-322
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• 2021

The problem of corruption and the spread of corruption crime today is not only one of the main social problems, but also an obstacle to the implementation of reforms in Ukraine. Given the complexity, scale and diversity of the impact of corruption, it is an undisputed threat to national security. At the state level, corruption threatens, firstly, state security as a result of its spread in public authorities and the combination of political and business spheres; secondly, in the domestic political sphere as a result of non-compliance and violation by officials of public authorities and local governments of the laws of Ukraine; thirdly, in the economic sphere as a result of the dominance of personal interests of civil servants over national ones; fourthly, in other spheres, namely, military, social, ecological, informational, foreign policy, etc. The origins of corruption are diverse and are formed not only in the country but also abroad. The current corruption threat is the result of the country's ineffective domestic and foreign anticorruption policies. Acceleration of the spread and manifestation of external corruption threats is associated with a number of unresolved foreign policy issues against the background of the development of globalization and integration processes, in particular: economic and financial dependence of the country on international financial institutions and organizations; as well as from foreign countries that pose a potential threat due to their ambitious plans to expand our country; unresolved issues regarding the international legal consolidation of borders, etc. It is noted that the current conditions for the development of state security, due to new challenges and threats, need to improve and implement new measures to prevent corruption as a negative impact of the main threats to national economic security. As a result of the study, the main measures to counter the main threats to the economic security of the state were identified.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.87-102
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• 2015

This study examines the structural relationships between ecotourism village visitors' motivation, value, satisfaction, and loyalty. A self-administered survey was conducted based on 254 visitors to six ecotourism villages. According to the confirmatory factor analysis, there were four underlying dimensions of motivation (relaxation, adventure, nature experience, and learning) and on underlying dimension of value (tourism). According to structural equation modeling, relaxation had a positive effect on economic value, and relaxation and learning had positive effects of functional value. Relaxation had a positive effect on social value. Economic, emotional, and social value had positive effects on ecotourism village visitors' satisfaction, and economic value had the greatest effect on satisfaction. Satisfaction had a positive effect on destination loyalty. The results imply that economic, emotional, and social value played important mediating roles in the relationship between motivation and satisfaction.

• World Technopolis Review
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.104-119
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• 2019

Innovation clusters are essential in the economic development of many developed countries across the world. While they present ways for under-developed and developing countries to grow their economies, fully operational innovation clusters are yet to be established in Nigeria. Many experts argue that learning from experience is an effective way of galvanizing economic development. Therefore, in this study, an empirical analysis involving a multi-variable quantitative analysis was used to examine the factors that influence the performance of the Daedeok Innopolis Innovation Cluster (South Korea). The results obtained show that the investment in education, Research and Development (R&D), labor capacity of key players within the innovation cluster, and the transfer of technology (within the cluster) were essential factors that influence the performance of the Daedeok Innopolis Innovation Cluster.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of the paper is to examine development strategy that Shanghai port has practiced, and to take out some productive implications to be applied to other port. Research design, data and methodology - The research methods to be applied is first to look into some development progress in terms of trade volumes, and then to review development strategy that is classified with two different aspects, and finally to identify implications. Results - Following the change of economic environment that China has joined to WTO, the way of doing business in Chinese economy has transferred to market economy more closely. Trade volume is higher than before and it attracts to build national infrastructure including port. Development strategy has to be needed to take care of newly faced economic situations, within two aspects, hardware and software approach. Both construction and management are answer to competitive port of Shanghai. Conclusions - From the development strategy of Shanghai port, hardware and software aspects should be emphasized, and it is evident that both trade volume of shipping market and the willingness of port authority have to be getting along with each other in development strategy.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.55-72
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• 2003

The term sustainable development is being used widely since WCED suggested it in 1987. This paper aims at catching up its sociological implications. For doing this, the paper examined some major existing researches on sustainable development. It was found that sustainable development has been defined as an economic development with the preservation of nature as an environment of human life. In this sense, the existing concept of sustainable development is an economic perspective. Sustainable development as an economic perspective is faced with some limitations and/or problems. They are summarized as follows. The human-made environment is excluded from the concept of sustainable development. Its ideology is anthroponcentric in that the sustainability of nature is a necessary condition for economic development. The objective reference which can measure whether the current state of nature is sustainable or not is not proposed. Consequently, sustainable development results in merely a survivability of economy, a new form of economic utility and/or a successful economy. In terms of sociological perspective, economy and nature can not be sustainable without other social factors being sustainable, because all social factors including economy and nature exist in a causal mechanism. This means that sustainable development should be approached from a multi-dimensional perspective. The multi-dimensional approach can be a framework of sustainable development in terms of whole society, then can be termed sustainable society which implies not a sustainable development, but a societal development. The factors which should be included in the sustainable society are, at least, nature, economy, population as an aggregate, mode of living existence of people as a cultural actor, technology, and social structure.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.23-44
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• 2021

This research attempts to provide an in-depth analysis of the public perceptions of inter-Korean economic cooperation. KDI survey data with a sample size of 1,000 were subjected to empirical analyses. By means of ordered logit estimations, we derive the following results. First, there is a significant effect of age on economic cooperation perceptions, where younger generations tend to be more negative. Second, the group who has positive view on the economic cooperation tends to prefer large-scale, domestic-entity-funded cooperation projects, whereas the group who has negative view tends to prefer small-scale projects and projects funded by international organizations. According to these results, prioritizing trade with the involvement of international organizations is likely to be an effective measure to alleviate potential political constraints and to achieve sustainable long-run economic cooperation systems when pursuing the economic cooperation.