• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.529-537
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• 1994

Sector scanner which has a conical end is used to image through the intercostal space because heart is protected by the ribs. Cardiac data published all around the world were also obtained by sector scanner. Although scanners being used in every small animal practice and animal hospital at college in Korea include convex ape and linear type, linear type is not appropriate f3r cardiac scan because of a wide contact surface. The purpose of this study is to establish ultrasonographic images of normal cardiac structures by measuring shape, size of reflectable cardiac structure according to restraint position in scanning normal heart of the puppies with 6.5 MHz convex scanner(SonoAce 4500, Medison, Korea) used in our veterinary teaching hospital, Seoul national university. Seventeen male and female puppies considered having healthy hear by X-ray and clinical examination are used feom April to July 1994. Scanning point selection of probe head and the distinction of imaged cardiac structures were accomplished by necropsy and cardiac scanning performed through thoracotomy under general anesthesia. At 10 o'clock position of transducer(at an angle of 30$^{\circ}$ between imaginary line from elbow joint to 3rd sternum and probe head, 60$^{\circ}$ from body surface, 4th intercostal space of right thorax) with the marker of scanner toward the head of dogs right atrium, left atrium and left ventricle were observed in 2, 3, 4, 5 intercostal space(2cm from the sternum) of experimental dog positioned ventrodorsally under general anesthesia. Under these conditions, the numerical values of imaged diastolic hear are as follows : the distance from skin to apex(mean$\pm$S.D) 47.53$\pm$6.94mm, thickness of left ventricular wall 6.00$\pm$1.60mm, length of left ventricle 16.27$\pm$5.31mm, width of left ventricle 15,33$\pm$4.25mm, length of left atrium 12.33$\pm$3.82mm, width of left atrium 11. 33$\pm$3.94mm, length of right atrium 1.00$\pm$2.41mm, width of right atrium 11.21$\pm$2.76mm and the area of left ventricle 270.92$\pm$109.81mm$^2$, area of left atrium 98.00$\pm$41.08mm$^2$, area of right atrium 62.75$\pm$21.04mm$^2$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1107-1113
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• 1998

This work was to study the potential use of germinated and microwave-vacuum-dried brown rite as a raw material for enzyme food. Brown rice was soaked in water at $15^{\circ}C$ for 2 days and then germinated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 4 days. The germin ated brown rice was then dried by different drying methods: microwave vacuum drying 1(drying only), microwave vacuum drying 2 $(drying{\rightarrow}crushing{\rightarrow}drying)$, hot air drying, vacuum drying and freeze drying. Each drier except freeze drier was set to maintain the sample temperature to be $60^{\circ}C$. During microwave vacuum drying 1 and 2 the sample reached $60^{\circ}C$ much faster (5 min) and was dried much faster (2 to 3 hrs for microwave vacuum drying 1 and 2 than the other drying methods. The initial drying rate of microwave vacuum drying was ten times faster than that of hot air drying. The microwave vacuum drying produced a dry sample of the highly retained enzymic activity, followed by freeze drying, vacuum drying and hot air drying.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.38-49
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• 1986

In order to improve effectiveness of rhizobia-legume symbiotic nitrogen fixation, ecological and physiological characteristics of indigenous rhizobia distributed in Korea soil, that is, the effects of soybean cultivation, physico-chemical properties and climate on the population of indigenous rhizobia and other soil microbes were investigated. The results were summarized as follows: The population of indigenous rhizobia were ranged from $5.1{\times}10^4$ cells to $196.8{\times}10^4$ cells per gram of soil in soybean cultivated soils but from $1.6{\times}10^4$ cells to $78.6{\times}10^4$ cells per gram of soil in soybean un-cultivated soils sampled from 9 different agro-climate zone. The highest population was observed in a soybean cultivated loamy soil from southern part of Korea. The content of available phosphate, exchangeable Ca, Mg, Cu, and B in soil were positively correlated but active Fe, exchangeable Al, Na, and $SO_4$ were inversely correlated to the population of indigenous rhizobia. The inverse relationship was observed between the number of indigenous rhizobia and actinomycetes.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-30
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• 2014

Offset trade has been applied in Republic of Korea's defense acquisition programs since early 1980s and used for national economic development as well as enhancement of military capabilities. The accumulated offset trade value amounts to over 10 billion dollars by 2010. However, questions in regards to the effectiveness of offset trade have been constantly raised. As it is a quite difficult task to analyze and calculate the application performance of defense technologies acquired by offsets objectively, limited level of quantitative analysis of application performance have been conducted so far. Hence, in this paper, we came to understand the overall status of application of those technologies through in-depth performance analysis and suggested some specific policies for the further development of offset trade based on the analysis results. To begin with, we developed a questionnaire based on performance indicator deducted through literature review of relevant researches, and conducted survey of major offset recipients. Also, another survey of offset experts belonged to the army, government organization, research institute and companies was conducted to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of offsets qualitatively. And we analyzed the efficiency of application performance using DEA. The results of all surveys are showing that there is positive accomplishment in the technological aspect, but in economic aspect, it shows relatively inactive outcome. Based on these results, policy direction is considered to be changed from the emphasis on the acquisition of core technology to revitalization of domestic defense industry in line with new government's policy orientation.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2013

A new variety of Pleurotus eryngii which is named 'Gonji No. 8' was bred by mating monokaryotic strain isolated from E085D2 and a monokaryotic strain 'aerini No.3' obtained from the Mushroom Research Institute, Gyeonggi-Do A.R.E.S. The characteristics of the new variety 'Gonji No.8' is as follows. The optimum temperature for mycelium growth was from $23^{\circ}C$ to $26^{\circ}C$ on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. For the primodia formation and the growth of fruit bodies, the optimum temperature was from $14^{\circ}C$ to $16^{\circ}C$. The period of spawn running was around 30 days at $22^{\circ}C$ and the days taken after the removal of the spawn layer to initiate primodia was seven days. The hardness value of fruit body was $8,432{\pm}2,193$ $g/cm^2$, which was two times more than that of 'Keunneutari No.2'. The yield of 'Gonji No.8' was about 133 g per bottle(900cc) and it was same as 'Keunneutari No.2'.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.237-246
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• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate the feed-nutritional value of spent mushroom substrates(SMS) as a roughage source for ruminants through in vitro and in situ experiments. The SMS was classified into a roughage source with high fiber(NDF 64～78%) and low protein(CP 7～11%). The chemical composition of SMS was affected mainly by the primary culture ingredient rather than mushroom species. Compared with sawdust-SMS, cotton waste-SMS contained less(P<0.05) NDF and more(P<0.05) nonfibrous carbohydrate and ash(P<0.05). In vitro DM and NDF disappearances were high in the order of corn cob-, cotton waste-, and sawdust-SMS, in situ DM, NDF and ADF disappearances at 24hr incubation also showed the same pattern with in vitro trials. Compared with sawdust-SMS, cotton waste-SMS had higher digestible fractions and lower non-digestible fractions of NDF and ADF(P<0.05), resulting in higher in situ DM and NDF disappearances(P<0.05) and higher ruminal degradability(P<0.05). Therefore, the preferential use of cotton waste-SMS to sawdust-SMS is recommended as a roughage source for ruminants.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.313-319
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• 2007

Long term wave climate of both extreme and operational wave height is essential for planning and designing coastal structures. Since the availability of the field wave data for the waters around Korean peninsula is limited to provide a reliable wave statistics, the wave climate information has been generated by means of long-term wave hindcasting using available meteorological data. In this paper, a set of deep water wave data obtained from KORDI(2003) were analyzed for extreme wave heights. These wave data at 67 stations off the Korean coast from 1979 to 1998 were arranged in the 16 directions. The probability distributions considered in this research were the FT-I and Weibull distribution. For each of these distributions, the method proposed by Goda(2004) was applied to estimate the parameters. For judgment of best fitting, MIR criterion proposed by Goda and Gobune(1990) was used. FT-I distribution which best fits to the 886 data, while Weibull(k=0.75) 81 data, Weibull(k=1.00) 105 data.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.324-330
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• 2012

The aim of the present study was to assess the anti-hypercholesterolemic effect of bile salt hydrolase-producing Lactobacillus plantarum CIB 001 (KCTC 11717 bp) in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. Four treatment groups of rats (n=5) were fed experimental diets: a normal diet (ND), a ND plus L. plantarum CIB 001(NDL) at $5.0-7.5{\times}10^9$ colony forming unit (CFU)/day, a high-cholesterol diet (HCD), as well as a HCD plus L. plantarum CIB 001 (HCDL) at $5.0-7.5{\times}10^9$ CFU/day for 6 weeks. Compared with the HCD group, the HCDL group demonstrated a decrease in serum triglyceride (p<0.05), total cholesterol (p<0.05), and the corresponding HDL-cholesterol concentration increased at a rate of 40% (p<0.05). The HCDL group also induced a decrease in liver inflammation and steatosis. The present results suggest that supplementation of L. plantarum CIB 001 can have short-term (6 weeks) effects on blood lipids and liver injury, as well as on the atherogenic index and cardiac risk factors.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.11B
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• pp.1710-1714
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• 2010

The budget for the acquisition and R&D for the national defence systems has come out of tax payers' pockets. On the other hand, the weapon systems become more complex and thus the underlying costs tend to increase continuously. As such, the need for efficiently managing the budget has drastically increased. In accordance with this necessity, the Defence Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) of Korea has issued the instruction No.65 dictating that systems engineering (SE) must be applied when weapon systems are acquired or developed in Korea. Specifically, a list of the products that should be generated from the acquisition programs is provided. The problem is that the unexperienced companies in the defence systems industry cannot easily know how to approach the new regulation. The purpose of this study is to devise a possible remedy to solve the problem. To do so, we first review the list of the products that are required by DAPA. Then, an appropriate systems engineering processes is studied for each product. Then, a necessary link between each product and SE process activity is identified and summarized. The result obtained may be useful as a stepping stone to develop more efficient method for the list of the products.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.297-301
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• 1996

This test has been carried out to evaluate the effect of temperature on the growth of the insecticide susceptible strain, URY-O nomal genotype and insecticide resistant strain, O-RT abnormal genotype, and ABURABI nomal genotype. The nymphal periods were not significantly different between URY-O and O-RY strains at $25^{\circ}C$. At $30^{\circ}C$, susceptible strain URY-O could give birth to offsprings almost nomally, while resistant strain O-RY could not produce any offspring for 20 days which results in nymphal death. The numbers of offsprings of strain URY-O and strain ABURABI were not different between $25^{\circ}C\;and\;28^{\circ}C$, but strain O-RY, when it was reared at $28^{\circ}C$, could produce offsprings only 10% of those at $25^{\circ}C$. Body weight of strain URY-O and strain ABURABI were 0.22mg/female and 0.27mg/female, respectively at $28^{\circ}C$, however that of O-RY was only 0.16mg/female, showing considerable difference between normal and abnormal genotype. Substrain O-RY(+) which has high esterase activity showed poor reproduction ability(0.8 progenies per $G_{1}$ individual than substrain O-RY(-) (3.4 progenies per $G_{1}$ individual) which has low esterase activity at $28^{\circ}C$