• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Thirty strains of genus Agrocybe which had been kept in National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, were tested for the formation of fruiting body. Nineteen strains of collected genus Agrocybe were formed fruiting body at bottle culture of sawdust medium. Five strains (including ASI 19003) and thirteen strains (including ASI 19007) could be grouped as A. cylindracea and A. chaxingu. Although ASI 19008 showed the formation of fruiting body, morphological characteristics were significantly different from the two groups. Cultural period of ASI 19003 strain at sawdust substrates was 29 days and ASI 19007 train was 30 days in liquid spawn inoculation. The yield and quality of ASI 19003 strain was excellent in the spring, fall, and winter, whereas ASI 19007 strain was excellent in the summer. Accordingly, these cultivar might be contribute to farmers' income by stable year-round production if using the season-oriented strain.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.183-185
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• 2022

High-income mushroom crops require complex farming. Therefore, we conducted a test to identify the optimum temperature for the production of antler-shaped Ganoderma lucidum using the King Oyster mushroom cultivation facility. T-N showed 0.28% of oak sawdust and 2.2% of nutritional source. The pH of oak sawdust was 6.0, indicating weak acidity, and that of rice steel was 6.6, indicating neutrality in nutrition source. Study on the quality characteristics of mushrooms showed that the number of days at 25℃ were 5~6 and those at 30℃ were 3~5; the representative length at 25℃ was 57.5 mm and that at 30℃ was 92.2 mm; the biological weight at 25 ℃ was 43 g, which was greater than that at 30℃.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.207-211
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• 2015

To investigate the usefulness of Kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus L.) as mushroom culture media source, we analyze physical condition and contents of nutritional components. The water absorption rate of Kenaf bast was 578% and it was 95% higher than that of poplar sawdust's. This was caused by Kenaf's porous cellular structure. so it could give more moisture and oxygen to cultured mushroom. Total carbon contents of Kenaf was 91.4%, it was quite higher than that of poplar sawdust, wheat bran and rice bran. Total nitrogen content was 1.76% and C/N ratio was 51.9. The content of NFE(Nitrogen free extract) was 46.6% and it was similar with rice bran. Cellulose content was higher than poplar but lignin content was lower. specially hemicellulose and pectin complex which more digestible carbon source to mushroom was 3.7% higher than poplar. Mineral component and amino acid contents were also maintained high compared with poplar. Fe was 4.2 times, P 3.2 times, K 2.2 times more and Ca was higher 16 mg/kg than poplar. The content of amino acid was quite more higher than poplar sawdust but lower than chaff. Consequently Kenaf had a good trait for basic support material in mushroom culture media and also had a good character as nutritional source.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 2007

We conducted this research to develop the medium for some edible mushroom cultivation using shiitake waste log which is abandoned after cultivation of shiitake mushroom because those bed logs can not be recycled. The isolates of P. ostreatus(POS-012), P. eryngii(PER-005), G. frondosa(GFR-001) and F. velutipes(FVE-001) were selected and examined for mycelial growth on sawdust media prepared from shiitake waste log. Mycelial growth of selected isolate were satisfactory on the sawdust extract media using acasia(Robinia pseudo-acacia), neutinamu(Zelkova serrata) and kangchamnamu(sangsuri, Quercus acutissima) which are no shiitake-inoculated. Although the mycelial growth of the isolate were poor on the sawdust media prepared from Quercus spp., sawdust of neutinamu, (Zelkova serrata), beotnamu, (Prunus serrulata), orinamu(Alnus japonica), eunsuweonsasinamu(Populus tomentiglandulosa) and chestnut(Castanea crenata) were excellent for mycelial growth. However, shiitake logs which are infected with harmful fungi such as Hypocrea spp. were useful as recycle materials for mushroom cultivation.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.237-246
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• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate the feed-nutritional value of spent mushroom substrates(SMS) as a roughage source for ruminants through in vitro and in situ experiments. The SMS was classified into a roughage source with high fiber(NDF 64～78%) and low protein(CP 7～11%). The chemical composition of SMS was affected mainly by the primary culture ingredient rather than mushroom species. Compared with sawdust-SMS, cotton waste-SMS contained less(P<0.05) NDF and more(P<0.05) nonfibrous carbohydrate and ash(P<0.05). In vitro DM and NDF disappearances were high in the order of corn cob-, cotton waste-, and sawdust-SMS, in situ DM, NDF and ADF disappearances at 24hr incubation also showed the same pattern with in vitro trials. Compared with sawdust-SMS, cotton waste-SMS had higher digestible fractions and lower non-digestible fractions of NDF and ADF(P<0.05), resulting in higher in situ DM and NDF disappearances(P<0.05) and higher ruminal degradability(P<0.05). Therefore, the preferential use of cotton waste-SMS to sawdust-SMS is recommended as a roughage source for ruminants.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.61-64
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• 2018

This study was carried out to investigate the management characteristics and growth performance of L. edodes from the cooling stage to incubation. Bags of different heights and weights are available for bagging. When the medium size of $17{\times}13cm$ was used and the size of the inoculation hole was changed from 1/3 to 2/3, the browning period was shortened to 30 days. Mycelial growth was evaluated according to the cooling temperature after sterilization. It was observed to be the highest at 122 mm/15 days at $10^{\circ}C$ and 114 mm/15 days and 117 mm/15 days at $15^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$, respectively. The contamination rate of the sawdust media before inoculation was measured as 0, $4.5{\times}10$, $1.3{\times}10^2$, $4.0{\times}10^3cfu$ at $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$, and $24^{\circ}C$ respectively. The average of $1.6{\times}10^8$ colony forming units (cfu) of microorganisms was observed in the sawdust that had been piled for six months outdoors. In summer, the sawdust has to be used immediately after mixing. The sterilized medium had an average of $4{\times}10^3cfu$ of microorganisms at $24^{\circ}C$ and $1.3{\times}10^2cfu$ at $15^{\circ}C$. After 15 days of inoculation in vitro, the growth conditions of the sawdust was the best at 132 mm, followed by grain and liquid. When inoculated with liquid spawn, the moisture content of the substrate should be adjusted between 50% and 55% in advance.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.331-333
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• 2018

The incorporation of Shiitake culture into sawdust is a widely utilized technique that can assist in reducing the cost and time consumption associated with oak cultivation. In sawdust cultivation, browning of the surface mycelia is an important stage with respect to the utility and longevity of the sawdust media. Surface browning forms a protective coating on the substrate, which can inhibit the invasion of pathogens and suppress water evaporation. Several different light sources (red LED, white LED, blue LED, and fluorescent light) were used and the intensity of illumination was carefully controlled (1.5, 10.5, $20.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ for LEDs and 10, 100, 300 lux for the fluorescent light) to induce browning. The light sources were regulated via a 1 h on/off cycle in a controlled room environment at a temperature of $20^{\circ}C$, 60% humidity, and 1200 ppm $CO_2$ concentration for 60days. The browning effect varied depending on the source and the intensity of illumination. This effect was most effectively induced at $1.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ for the red and blue LEDs. All light sources induced less browning at the highest intensity of illumination. This indicates that intensity values higher than $20.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ in the case of the LEDs and 300 lux for the fluorescent light are not effective. After harvesting of the fruit bodies, we measured the weight, length, and width of the pileus and stipe in addition to their chromaticity and hardness. Treatment with $1.5{\mu}mol/m^2s$ blue LED produced the best harvest with the highest average chromaticity, weight (21.2 g), stipe length (30.8 mm), and hardness (377.9 g), with a fine length and width of the pileus.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 1999

This experiments were carried out to development low-priced mushroom culture media, and the results were as follows : Mycerial growth and density of Pleurotus ostreatus in the culture media of 40% of yellow soil, upland soil and lowland soil(each and all) added 60% sawdust and rice bran(80:20, %, v/v) were 89, 88, 68mm/10days in that order. Lentinus edodes were in the media of $40{\sim}50%$ of that added 60% sawdust and rice bran(80:20, %, v/v) were 74, 71, 68mm/10days. Ganoderma lucidum were in the media of $40{\sim}50%$ of that added 60% sawdust and rice bran(80:20, %, v/v) were 98, 94, 89mm/10days in that order.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.291-300
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• 2022

In this study, the physical properties of the medium and changes in the wood chemical composition of the sawdust were investigated during the cultivation of oak mushroom sawdust bags, and the following results were obtained. After inoculation, the weight of the medium decreased during the incubation period. It is determined that this is not due to evaporation of moisture containing the medium or decomposition of sawdust, but to decomposition of rice bran, a low molecular substance added to the medium. It was confirmed that the moisture content of the medium was steadily increased during incubation, and it was estimated that the organic substrates such as rice brane in the medium was decomposed by mycelium, and water, one of the decomposition products of organic substrates, caused an increase in the moisture content of the medium. Along with the increase in the harvest of oak mushrooms, the proportion of organic substances such as holocellulose and lignin, the main components of the wood cell wall of sawdust, steadily decreased. In particular, the degradation characteristics of the wood cell wall component of shiitake, which is a white rot fungi, were confirmed by higher lignin reduction rate than that of holocellulose. On the other hand, ash, which is an inorganic material, increased with an increase in the number of mushroom harvests. The increase in the amount of ash in the medium may have been due to the decrease in the organic matter content such as holocellulose and lignin.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.407-414
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• 2020

To replace the sawdust in the growth medium of oyster mushroom to utilize its by-product spent mushroom substrates (SMS) as feed for ruminant, we performed cultivation test using cotton seed hull pellet (CSHP), corn stalk pellet (CSP), corncob (CC), and analyzed the feed chemical properties of those SMS. As a result of cultivation test, CC and CSHP treatment took 27 days for spawn run, 4 days for primordium formation, and 3 days for development fruiting bodies, resulting in a total cultivation period of 34 days. The yield per bottle was 134 g for CC treatment, similar to 130 g for control, while CSHP treatment (112 g) and CSP treatment (68 g) were lower than that of control. The highest biological efficiency (BE) was shown in CC treatment as 80.1%, which was 11.4% higher than 68.7% of control. The SMS of CC treatment had a relatively low content of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, and in particular, lignin content was the lowest and crude protein content was the highest among other treatments. Therefore, CC as a substitute material for sawdust was capable of stable mushroom production and excellent nutritional value as a feed for its by-products.