• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.214-220
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• 2020

We undertook a breeding program to produce a white button mushroom cultivar with high temperature tolerance in preparation for climate change. The results were as follows. The strains KMCC00540, KMCC00591, and KMCC00643 were selected, and homokaryons were selected and hybrids were identified with ISSR and SSR markers, respectively. The selected hybrids were cultivated in three repetitions at a temperature of 20-25 ℃ and a humidity of 80% or higher. The variation in agricultural traits and fruiting body characteristics was least in the Abs4-2016-121 strain. This line is a hybrid of KMCC00591 and KMCC00875, and field experiments at Gyeongju and Buyeo farms found that the Abs4-2016-121 line has high fruiting body with hardness and delayed opening of pileus at high temperatures, so it was bred as a high-temperature cultivar named 'Hadam'.

• Mycobiology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2008

The optimal conditions for mycelial growth of Phellinus linteus ATCC 26710 were determined to be a log length of 20 cm, temperature of $30^{\circ}C$ and pH of 6.0. Mycelial growth was excellent on the mushroom complete medium, and was optimal when sucrose, man nose and glucose were supplied as carbon sources. Potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate as nitrogen sources supported good mycelial growth. To evaluate P. linteus mycelial colonization on logs, sterilized short log inoculation, drilling inoculation and log-end sandwich inoculation techniques were used. Only sterilized short log inoculation produced good mycelial colonization. Initial mycelial growth and full mycelial colonization were best on 20 cm logs having 42% moisture content. The initial mycelial growth of P. linteus was accelerated over 12hr of sterilization. Basidiocarp formation was optimal using a burying method of logs after $5{\sim}6$ months, and fruiting body formation was superior in cultivation house conditions of $31{\sim}35^{\circ}C$ and in excess of 96% relative humidity.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.52-57
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• 2010

To develop a potent anti-obesity lipase inhibitor from mushroom, the lipase inhibitory activities of various mushroom extracts were determined. Methanol extracts from Phellinus linteus fruiting body exhibited the highest lipase inhibitory activity (72.8%). The inhibitor was maximally extracted by treatment of a P. linteus fruiting body with 80% methanol at $40^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr. After partial purification by systematic solvent extraction, the inhibitor was stable in the range of $40\sim80^{\circ}C$ and pH 2.0~9.0. In addition to lipase inhibitory activity, the inhibitor showed 59.4% of superoxide dismutase-like activity and 56.3% of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.314-317
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• 2016

To develop a new anti-dementia acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor from edible mushrooms, AChE inhibitory activities were determined on water and ethanol extracts of various edible mushrooms from oriental medicine markets and agriculture markets. As a result, the 70% ethanol extract from Pholiota adiposa fruiting body had the highest AChE inhibitory activity of 30.6, and its water extract also had an AChE inhibitory activity of 23.8%. Therefore, we finally selected P. adiposa as a potent anti-dementia AChE inhibitor-containing mushroom. The AChE inhibitor of P. adiposa was maximally extracted when its fruiting body was treated with water for 3hr at $70^{\circ}C$ and 70% ethanol for 12 hr at $70^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.591-596
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• 1996

In the course of screening lipid peroxidation inhibitor from basidiomycetes, a mushroom, which was collected at O-Dae mountain in Kangweon- Do, was found to have active compound. The mushroom was identified as Polyzellus multiplex, which belongs to Aphylloporalles Thelephoraceae, on the basis of macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the fruiting body. The methanol extract of fruiting body was extracted with benzene and ethylacetate, sequentially. By using various kinds of chromatographies, PM1, and PM2 and PM3, were purified from the ethylacetate extract and the benzene extract, respectively. Color reaction and analyses of IR, UV, and NMR spectra indicated that PM1 was a derivative of thelephoric acid, and PM2 and PM3 were linoleic acid and oleic acid, respectively. IC$_{50}$ of PM1 for inhibition of lipid peroxidation was 1.96 ppm and LD$_{50}$ was 500 mg/kg.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.274-278
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• 2022

The present study aimed at selecting a cost-effective substrate for king oyster mushroom based on the growth characteristics of fruiting body for use as a basic resource to ensure stable production on farms. Compositional analysis of substrates manufactured with different materials in each process revealed that the total carbon content was 42.24-48.22% higher and the total nitrogen content was 1.7-2.29% higher in the processed lot than in the control (i.e., substrate used by the farmhouse; 40.86% and 1.39%, respectively). Meanwhile, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio was the highest in the control (27.9% vs. 19.12-27.88% in the processed lot). When cultured for 28 days, the mycelium growth was 11.5 and 11.3 mm in substrates 1 and 6, respectively, indicating the fastest growth; meanwhile, the values were 10.1-10.3 mm in the control and substrate 11, showing a similar tendency. Mycelial density did not differ significantly among the processed lots. Yield per bottle was higher in substrates 8 (205.95 g/bottle), 7 (178.51 g/bottle), and 11 (170.63 g/bottle) than in the control (152.2 g/bottle). Fruiting body quality was comparable to controls in all processed lots. Overall, economic effects, such as substrate material prices, should be analyzed, and stability evaluations, such as residual pesticide and harmful microorganisms, should be undertaken along with further detailed examination to ensure safe and stable production on farms.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the suitability of various agricultural by-products as basal substrates for the mycelial growth and fruiting body formation of Hericium erinaceum. For this aim, oak sawdust, cotton waste, sugarcane bagasse, Job's tears, rice hull, Chinese cabbage, and coconut waste were used as sole or mixed substrate(s). Corn waste and rice bran were used as nutrient supplements. The growth and density of mycelium, yield of fruiting body, and biological efficiency were compared among tested substrates colonized by Hericium erinaceum. The best measurement of mycelial growth and density, yield of fruiting body, and biological efficiency in a laboratory test was found in a spawn substrate composed with oak sawdust 80% and rice bran 20%. The suitability of this spawn substrate composition for Hericium fruiting body production was testified through practical tests in plastic bottles (850 ml) in a mushroom farm which had bottle cultivation facility. However, test in a mushroom farm which had plastic bag cultivation facility, best production of Hericium fruiting body (520 g per one bag) was observed in a spawn substrate composed of cotton waste 40%, saw dust 40%, corn waste 10%, and rice bran 10%.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2022

Cordyceps militaris, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, has multiple health-promoting effects. It is used as a herbal remedy and health food in Asian countries. Cultured mycelia are often used as a substitute for natural C. militaris. In the present study, the mycelia and fruiting bodies of artificially cultured C. militaris were analyzed using a metabolomics approach. The protein and crude fat contents of the mycelia were substantially higher than those of the fruiting bodies. The top three abundant amino acids in the mycelia were proline (3.9 g/100 g), aspartic acid (2.9 g/100 g), and glutamic acid (2.7 g/100 g). The carbohydrate content was similar in the fruiting bodies and mycelia. Analysis revealed that both the fruiting bodies and mycelia are rich in phenolic compounds and exhibit antioxidant activity. Further, six metabolites were significantly different between the mycelia and fruiting bodies. The levels of Ca, glucose, Mg, and Se were higher in the mycelia than in the fruiting bodies. In contrast, mannitol and Zn were more abundant in the fruiting bodies. The current study provides a comprehensive metabolic profile of the mycelia and fruiting bodies of artificially cultured C. militaris. Such an exercise is potentially important for understanding the metabolism of C. militaris and facilitating the use of cultured mycelia as a supplement to C. militaris fruiting bodies in traditional Chinese medicine.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.8-16
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• 2024

Paecilomyces tenuipes (P. tenuipes) is a fungus cultivated artificially by South Korean researchers, utilizing rice bran as its substrate. The increased demand for this fungus has not been met with successful cultivation methods for fruiting body production in natural environments. Therefore, we tested the effect on the growth of P. tenuipes using a Solid media based on pests. In this results, the Solid media based on M.alternatus was effective in increasing the growth of P. tenuipes and the content of cordycepin. Moreover, we confirmed the conditions for manufacturing a Solid media based on M.alternatus for P. tenuipes growth. We suggested that the growth-promoting compounds offers valuable insights for optimizing fungal cultivation conditions, thereby enhancing productivity and contributing to a broader understanding of fungal physiology in varying nutritional environments.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.151-159
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• 2012

The button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is one of the most widely cultivated important edible mushroom species. In the breeding of new button mushroom, 'Seolgang' was developed by crossing two monokaryons 'CM020913-27' and 'SSU423-31'. Because of the secondarily homothallism, only a small percentage of the basidia produce 3 or 4 spores, which are mostly haploid (n) and do not fruit. Single spore cultures derived from these types of spores produce a vegetative mycelium that also contain a variable number of genetically identical nuclei per cell called monokaryon. The lack of clamp connections between monokaryon and dikaryon required a series of mycelial culture and fruiting test. After crossing, hybrids were cultivated on a small scale and on a commercial scale at a farm. For this, the spawn was made by a commercial spawn producer and the spawned compost by a commercial compost producer. Mycelial growth of 'Seolgang' on CDA was better at $20^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ when it was compared with that of '505 Ho'. The mature cap shape of new strain 'Seolgang' is oblate spheroid and the immature cap shape is round to oblate spheroid. The cap diameter was 41.2 mm on average. In comparison with white strain '505 Ho', the strain had a yield that was 9% higher. It produced fruiting bodies which had a higher weight on average per fruiting body and were 19% firmer with a good shelf life. Days of fruiting body were 3-4 days later than those of '505 Ho'. The physical characteristics such as elasticity, chewiness, adhesiveness were better than that of '505 Ho'. Genetic analysis of the new strain 'Seolgang' showed different profiles compared to '505 Ho', CM02913-27, SSU413-31, when RAPD primers A02 and O04 were used.