• 제목/요약/키워드: mushroom disease

검색결과 158건 처리시간 0.027초

Characteristics and pathogenicity of Cladobotryum mycophilum isolated from cobweb disease of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) in Korea

  • Lee, Chan-Jung;Han, Hye-Su;Jhune, Chang-Sung;Cheong, Jong-Chun;Oh, Jin-A;Kong, Won-Sik
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.198-201
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    • 2011
  • Cobweb disease symptoms were observed in a mushroom farm in Buye, Korea during a disease survey in 2008-2011. Five isolates of Cladobotryum sp. were obtained from the infected caps and stipes. These isolates of Cladobotryum sp. were identified as C. mycophilum based on their morphological, cultural characteristics and analysis of the ITS sequences. Early symptoms were noticed as round, fleshy, yellowish brown lesions on mushroom caps. Late symptoms progressed when the parasitic fungus formed white cobweb circular colonies on dead or damaged pinheads, spread on the surface of the casing, and covered entirely fruiting bodies. Optimal temperature and pH for mycelial growth on MEA is $23^{\circ}C$ and 6.0. Microscopically the spores of the fungus are large and most 2~3 celled produced on vertically branched conidiophores. Mushroom caps turned dark brown and shrunk due to soft rot. Testing of sensitivity to selected fungicides showed that isolate was highly resistance to Mancozeb and Thiophanate-methyl, moderately sensitivity to Iprodione, and highly sensitivity to Benomyl, Prochloraz-Mn and Carbendazim.

양송이와 신령버섯 미이라병 (Mummy Disease) (Characteristics of Mummy Disease on Agaricus bisporus and A. blazei in Korea)

  • 정재은;김우재;차재순
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.189-192
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    • 2002
  • 미이라병은 우리나라의 양송이 재배농가에서 오래 전부터 발생하였으며, 최근에는 신령버섯 재배사에서 심하게 발생하였다 미이라병이 발생한 버섯재배 균상에서외국에서 보고된 전형적인 병징이 관찰되었다 즉 버섯의 갓이 한쪽으로 기울어지고, 버섯의 대의 내부가 변색과 함께 목질화되며, 대의 기부에 균사체가 과도생장하여 부풀고, 병든 버섯은 말라서 미이라가 된다 병든 버섯의 대의 내부조직을 얻어 투과전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과, 이미 미이라병의 특징으로 보고된 바 있는 버섯균사세포내부에 많은 세균이 존재하는 것이 관찰되었다. 우리나라 주요 버섯재배지역인 충남 부여의 버섯재배농장에서 2000년 동안 미이라병의 발생을 조사한 결과 양송이의 갈색종 재배에서는 약 55%, 그리고 신령버섯 재배에서는 약83%의 빈도로 이 병이 발생한 것으로 조사되었다. 이 결과는 미이라병이 양송이와 신령버섯 재배의 중요한 병임을 암시하고 있다.

느타리버섯 푸른곰팡이병 저항성 실내검정 방법의 개발 (Development of Effective Screening Method for Resistance of oyster mushroom to Trichoderma disease in vitro)

  • 전창성;윤형식;이찬중;공원식;정종천;장갑열
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.110-115
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    • 2011
  • 느타리버섯 푸른곰팡이병에 대한 품종 저항성은 포장에서 효과적인 검토가 불가능하여 한천 배지상에서 푸른곰팡이균이 균을 저해하는 특징 fungistatic, lysis, toxin enzyme 등에 대한 각각의 특성을 실내에 검정할 수있는 방법을 검토하기 위하여 균사생장과 특이 현상을 조사하였다. 대치배양에서는 느타리버섯 균주에 따라 대치선 형성위치, 푸른곰팡이균의 느타리균사 생장부분 위로 생장(overgrowth), 대치선 이후의 버섯균의 용균(lysis)현상이 발생하여 효과적인 저항성 검정이 가능하였다. 배양여액을 여지에 적용하는 방법은 버섯균과 병원균의 종류에 따른 균사생장 및 특이적 현상이 타나나지 않았으나, well plate를 이용한 배양여액 희석방법으로 균사생장의 억제정도의 확인이 가능하였다. 분활 petri dish를 활용하여 동시배양의 경우 약간의 버섯균이 억제되는 현상은 보였으나, 푸른곰팡이균이 버섯균 생장 부분 위로 덮어 효과검정이 불가능 하였다. 버섯균을 petri dish 전체에 배양한 후 그 위에 병원균의 균총을 접종하는 방법은 overgrowth, lysis등의 현상이 발생하여 병원성의 검정이 용이하였다. 실내에서의 느타리버섯균의 푸른곰팡이병에 대한 저항성 검정은 대치배양, 배양여액법, 생장후 접종법에 의한 방법으로 가능한 것으로 판단되었다.

Studies an the Effect of Vinyl Mulching on Pleurotus Cultivation - Control of Mushroom Diseases on Pleurotus ostreatus(II) -

  • Oh, Se-Jong;Park, Jeong-Sik;Lee, Dong-Chul;Shin, Pyung-Gyun
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.50-53
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    • 2003
  • Perforated vinyl mulching technique was performed on oyster mushroom beds for controlling mushroom diseases. Mycelium under vinyl sheets were safely protected from outside undesirable microorganisms. One of two mushroom farms showed 75% of disease incidence, the other 40% and National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology(NIAST) 13% in the conventional growing method, whereas 12%, 14%, and 5% in the vinyl mulching cultivation method. Waterlogging caused mushroom bed worse, and Trichoderma spp. were infested on the conventional mushroom bed. Disease incidence investigated in other case was 25% to 30% in the conventional growing method, whereas 5 to 9% in the vinyl mulching cultivation method. Yields in conventional method were 6.5 to 7.2 $kg/m^2$ and those in vinyl mulching method were 7.6 to 8.1 $kg/m^2$. So it was suggested that vinyl mulching technique was good for prevention from disease and elevation of productivity.

버섯 수확 후 배지의 산업적 활용 (Industrial utilization of spent mushroom substrate)

  • 강희완
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.85-92
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    • 2019
  • Over a million tons of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) are generated as by-products of mushroom cultivation every year in Korea. Disposal of SMS by mushroom farmers is difficult, therefore, recycling solutions that do not harm the environment are necessary. SMS consists of mushroom mycelia and residues of fruiting bodies, containing a variety of bioactive substances, such as extracellular enzymes, antimicrobial compounds, and secondary metabolites. This paper reviews utility of SMS for bioremediation, controlling plant disease, and production of lignocellulytic enzymes, organic fertilizer, and animal feed.

영지 노랑병 방제에 효과적인 살균제의 선발 (Selection of Effective Fungicides Against Xylogone sphaerospora, a Fungal Pathogen of Cultivated Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum)

  • 최경자;이종규;우성희;조광연
    • 한국식물병리학회지
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    • 제14권5호
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    • pp.491-495
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    • 1998
  • A fungal disease of the cultivated mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum, caused by Xylogone sphaerospora was epidemic throughout all cultivation areas in Korea which caused a lot of yield losses in the mushroom production. For controlling the disease, the screening of effective fungicides against the pathogenic fungus were conducted. Thirty seven commercially available fungicides were tested for their inhibitory activities on potato dextrose agar media supplemented with these fungicides at various concentrations. Twenty one fungicides significantly inhibited mycelial growth of the pathogen, Xylogone sphaerospora, but 16 fungicides had no inhibitory effect. Among these 21 fungicides, 17 fungicides also inhibited mycelial growth of Ganoderma lucidum as well, but imazalil, procymidone, triforine, and vinclozolin had no inhibitory effects. However, vinclozolin showed no inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of the mushroom even at the concentration of 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml vinclozolin solution for 2 hours, and then the pathogen was inoculated. After two month-cultivation of the mushroom, over 90% of logs treated with vinclozolin without pathogen inoculation produced fruiting bodies. However, fruiting bodies were not produced form the logs inoculated with the pathogen, but not treated with vinclozolin. Fifty seven percent of logs. which were pre-treated with vinclozolin and then inoculated with the pathogen produced fruiting bodies. Based on the results, vinclozolin is effective for the control of yellow disease of the Ganoderma lucidum caused by Xylogone sphaerospora.

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Infectious RNA Viruses in the Edible Mushroom Pleurotus spp.

  • Park, Jeonga-Soo;Kim, Young-Ho
    • Journal of Microbiology
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    • 제34권1호
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    • pp.61-67
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    • 1996
  • Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses and single-stranded RNA(ssRNA) viruses were detected in a strain of Pleurotus mushroom cultivated in a farm. Those fungal virsus were purified in the pH 6.0 or pH 7.2 using CsCI or Cs$_{2}$SO$_{4}$ buoyant density centrifugation. Each viral particles were not completely separated at any trials. However, mushroom bacili-form virus contains a single major nucleic acid with 0.7 Kb ssRNA, which might code for 20 Kd viral capsid protein. The dsRNAs are encapsidatred into spherical-form viruses, whereas ssRNA viral genomes are encapsidated into two different sizes of bacili-form particles. A healthy-looking mushroom also contained some spherical-form viruses with dsRNAs. Laboratory strains of Pleurotus ostreatus and a cultivated strain of P. sajor-caju did not show any viral particles. Mushrooms with specific disease symptoms. however, contained at least four different sizes of spherical-form viruses. Thus, we concluded that a bacilli-form virus case a severe disease symptoms of adnormal on mushroom development.

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균상재배 느타리버섯에서 분리한 Hypocrea속 균의 생리적 특성 (Physiology characteristics of genus Hypocrea isolated at oyster mushrooms of the shelf cultivation)

  • 이찬중;문지원;정종천;공원식;전창성
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.68-73
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    • 2015
  • Hypocrea속 병해는 전남 해남 및 고흥지역에 심하게 발생하여 재배농가에 큰 피해를 주고 있으며 최근에는 전국적으로 발생되고 있다. 병원균은 자낭균에 속하며 초기에는 유백색이나, 후기에는 갈색 또는 황갈색을 띠며, 0.5~2.0 cm 크기의 자실체들이 다수가 뭉쳐 기형적인 형태를 형성하며, 자실체가 형성된 부위에서는 버섯이 발생되지 않는다. 자낭각은 자실체의 표면 바로 아랫부분에 매몰부분에 형성하고. 그 안에 다수의 자낭을 형성한다. 자낭이 어린 상태에서는 자낭포자가 8개로 보이나 성숙되면서 16개의 자낭포자가 형성된다. 수집균주의 배양온도별 균사생장 및 자실체 형성정도를 조사한 결과 균사생장은 $15^{\circ}C$에서 H-1과 H-12균주가 가장 빨랐지만, $20^{\circ}C$$25^{\circ}C$에서 H-8, H-9, H-13, H-14 등 4 균주는 매우 느린 생육을 보였다. 자실체는 $20^{\circ}C$$25^{\circ}C$에서 발생하였지만, $15^{\circ}C$에서는 발생하지 않았으며, 수집균주 중 H-2, H-3, H-6, H-13, H-14 등 5 균주가 자실체를 형성하였다. 영양원의 C/N율에 따른 균사생장 및 자실체 형성정도는 H3균주의 경우 질소원 $NH_2SO_4$와 asparagine을 첨가한 처리한 구에서는 C/N율 30에서 생육이 가장 좋았고, H14 균주의 경우 질소원 $NH_2SO_4$와 cystin을 첨가한 처리한 구에서는 C/N율 100에서 생육이 가장 좋았다. 자실체는 histidine과 asparagine 처리구에서 주로 발생하였으며, histidine-70과 asparagine-100 처리구에서 가장 많이 발생하였다. 이 병은 균사생장기간에는 발병여부가 확인되지 않고, 하온후 균상표면에 버섯과 비슷한 병원균 자실체가 발생한다. 병원균 자실체는 버섯의 자실체보다 딱딱하고, 초기에는 유백색이나 시간이 지남에 따라 갈색으로 변색된다.

국내 주요 버섯류의 병해 발생과 재배사의 미생물 밀도 조사 (Occurrences of Major Mushroom Diseases and Microbial Densities of Mushroom Cultivation Facilities)

  • 안유나;장보라;김면수;원항연;전창성;천세철
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.144-149
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    • 2009
  • The occurrences of the major diseases and the densities of air-born microbes were surveyed in the cultivation facilities for oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii), and enoki mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) in different areas of Korea. Green mold disease was most often developed in oyster mushroom bed cultivation with the disease incidence rate of approximate 10% while the disease incidences from bottle and plastic envelop cultivation were less than 1~2%. In the bed cultivation, the major air-born microbes in the growth room were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Trichoderma, and Curvularia with the total fungal population density of 567~1,297 CFU/$m^3$ . However, only Trichoderma and Penicillium were detected in the growth rooms and innoculation rooms of bottle and plastic envelop cultivation with the densities of 350~700 CFU/$m^3$ and 160~260 CFU/$m^3$, respectively. The bacterial diseases become evident in the growth rooms of bottle and plastic envelop cultivation with the approximate incidence rate of 10%. The identified bacterial species were Brevibacillus levelkil, Rhizobium radiobacter, Brevundimonas vesicularis, Pseudomonas mosselii, Microbacterium testaceum. Sphingomonas panmi, Sphingomonas yabuuchiae, Paracocus dinitrificans, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens and some unidentified bacteria with the densities of 40~6,359 CFU/$m^3$ in the growth rooms and 9 CFU/$m^3$ in the inoculation room. This study indicated that the green mold disease by fungal strains was the major mushroom disease in the bed cultivation and suggested that the contamination of bacteria and fungi together in the growth media could result in severe production loss. The plastic envelope and bottle cultivation were evidenced to be less susceptible to such contaminations.

표고버섯 수확 후 배지추출물의 인삼잿빛곰팡이 병 방제 효과 (Protective effects of extracts from spent mushroom substrate of Lentinula edodes on gray mold disease of ginseng)

  • 유혜린;김재경;조진주;강희완
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.170-174
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구는 표고 수확 후 배지의 물추출물(WESMS)과 70% 메탄올 추출물(MeOHSMS)의 인삼잿빛곰팡이병원균에대한 항균활성과 병 방제효과를 조사하기 위하여 수행 되었다. WESMS와 MeOHSMS는 35%와 75%의 균사생장 억제율을 보였으며 MeOHSMS는 포자발아를 95% 이상 억제시켰다. WESMS와 MeOHSMS는 병 발병정도가 1.2와 0.7로서 대조구 4.5보다 현저히 낮게 나타났으며 80% 이상의 방제효과를 보였다. MeOHSMS 처리시 인삼잎에서 페놀함량이 28.0 mg GAE/100 g로 물 처리구 18.0 mg GAE/100g과 BABA 처리구 23 mg GAE/100g 보다 페놀함량이 18%에서 35% 증가되었다.