• Title/Summary/Keyword: multiple infections

검색결과 251건 처리시간 0.034초

계육에서 분리한 Listeria species 와 Staphylococcus aureus의 항생제 내성패턴 (Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Listeria species and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from poultry carcasses in Korea)

  • 허진;김준만;권남훈;박건택;임지연;정우경;홍순근;박용호
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제44권2호
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    • pp.217-224
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    • 2004
  • This study was carried out to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern of Listeria spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 17 (14.8%) L. monocytogenes, 13 (11.3%) L. innocua, 7 (7%) L. welshimeri, and 83 (72.2%) S. aureus were isolated from commercial poultry carcasses in Seoul and Kyonggi province during the period between 2001 and 2003. Antibiotic susceptibility test of all Listeria strains isolated was performed by the disk agar diffusion method. Antibiotics used in the study were as follows; Amikacin (An), Ampicillin (Am), Cephalothin (Cf), Chloramphenicol (C), Ciprofloxacin (Cip), Erythromycin (E), Gentamicin (Gm), Imipenem (Ipm), Kanamycin (K), Minocycline (Mi), Neomycin (N), Norfloxacin (Nor), Ofloxacin (Ofx), Penicillin (P), Streptomycin (S), Tetracycline (Te), Tobramycin (Nn), Trimethoprim (Tmp), Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazloe (Sxt), and Vancomycin (Va). The antibiotic resistance pattern of S. aureus isolates was performed by the disk agar diffusion method. For the latter program, antibiotics used to the study were as follows; Cf, C, Cip, Clindamycin (Cc), E, Gm, Ipm, Nafcillin (Nf), Oxacillin (Ox), P, Te, Sxt, and Va. Of the 17 L. monocytogenes isolates, 94.1% were resistant to Te, 88.2% to Mi, 11.8% to Nor, 11.8% to S, 5.9% to Cip, and 5.9% to C. Of 13 L. innocua, 53.8% were resistant to Te, 23.1% to Mi, 23.1% to S, 7.7% to Cip, and 7.7% to Nor. Of 7 L. welshimeri, 57.1% were resistant to Te, and 14.3% to Am. Of 83 S. aureus, 100% were resistant to Te, 86.7% to Gm, 34.9% to P, 15.7% to Cip, 12% to Cc, 9.6% to E. The multiple antibiotic resistance patterns of L. monocytogenes isolates were observed in Te Mi Cip (5.9%), Te Mi Nor (5.9%), Te Mi (76.5%), and Te Nor (5.9%). Multiple antibiotic resistance was also found in L. innocua isolates. Resistant to Te Mi S Cip Nor was 7.7%, Te Mi S (7.7%), Te Mi (7.7%), and was 7.7% to Te S. Antibiotic resistance patterns for S. aureus isolats were demonstrated to Te Gm P Cip Cc E (6.0%), Te Gm Cip Cc E (3.6%), Te Gm P Cc (1.2%), Te Gm P (15.6%), Te Gm Cip (2.4%), Te P Cip (2.4%), Te Gm Cc (1.2%), Te Gm (56.6%), Te P (9.6%), and to Te Cip (1.2%). The results of this study suggest a high incidence of Lsteria spp. and S. aureus on poultry carcasses. The contaminated poultry carcasses may be a potential vehicle for foodborne infections due to multiple antimicrobial resistant organisms.

메타전사체 분석을 이용한 국내 대추나무의 바이러스 감염실태 (Metatranscriptome-Based Analysis of Viral Incidence in Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) in Korea)

  • 이홍규;한승주;박상민;김민석;민진경;김학주;강동현;김민희;정원영;백승빈;양민주;임태건;안찬훈;김태동;박충열;문제선;이수헌
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.276-285
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    • 2023
  • 본 연구는 국내 대추나무 바이러스 감염실태를 구명하기 위하여 시험포장 및 농가포장에서 다양한 이상증상을 나타내는 시료 61점을 채집하였다. 이후 채집한 시료는 메타전사체 분석, reverse transcription polymerase chain reac tion 진단, 염기서열 분석에 사용하였다. 그 결과 국내 대추나무에서는 2종의 DNA 바이러스, jujube associated badnavirus (JuBV), jujube mosaic-associated virus (JuMaV)와 1종의 RNA 바이러스, jujube yellow mottle-associated virus (JYMaV)를 동정하였다. 채집된 모든 시료는 3종 바이러스에 단독 또는 복합감염되어 있음을 확인하였다. 바이러스별 검출은 JuBV 100%, JYMaV 90.2%, JuMaV 8.2%로 나타났다. 3종 바이러스의 감염조합은 JuBV 단독감염 9.8%, JuBV+JYMaV 2종 복합감염 82.0%, JuBV+JYMaV+JuMaV 3종 복합감염 8.2%로 나타났다. 국내 대추나무에서 검출된 3종 바이러스의 염기서열 분석결과 중국에서 보고된 각각의 바이러스 분리주와 매우 높은 상동성을 나타내었다. 본 논문은 대추나무 바이러스 무병묘 생산을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, 국내 대추나무에서 바이러스 감염실태와 JuBV와 JuMaV에 대한 첫 보고이다.

소아 특발성 간질성 폐렴 1례 (A Case of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia in Childhood)

  • 이수진;신언우;박은영;오필수;이건희;김광남;신호승;이일성
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제48권3호
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    • pp.327-332
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    • 2005
  • 저자들은 내원 1개월 전부터 시작된 잦은 마른기침, 운동 시 호흡곤란, 8 kg의 급속한 체중 감소가 주 증상인 8세 남아에서 특발성 간질성 폐렴으로 진단하고, 경구용 프레드니손으로 치료한 후 1년 이상 추적 관찰하여 현재 학교에서 가벼운 체육활동을 할 수 있을 정도의 임상적 호전을 보인 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

Tacrolimus의 혈중농도 변동성이 간이식 예후에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Intrapatient Variability in Tacrolimus Concentration on Clinical Outcomes Immediately After Liver Transplantation)

  • 김은지;김보람;조정원;이정화;이은숙;유윤미;조재영;김은경;최영록
    • 한국임상약학회지
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.36-43
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    • 2020
  • Background: Tacrolimus, a calcineurin inhibitor, is an immunosuppressant used in post-transplantation maintenance therapy. The drug has a narrow therapeutic range and requires periodic therapeutic drug monitoring. Although many studies have reported the effects of intrapatient variability of tacrolimus on survival, rejection, and complications in renal transplant recipients, very few studies have reported these effects in liver transplant recipients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intrapatient variability of tacrolimus on clinical outcomes after liver transplantation. Methods: Intrapatient variability was calculated using individual, averaged tacrolimus concentrations. Patients were divided into two groups according to their median variability value: high-variability and low-variability groups. The rate of deviation from the therapeutic range, incidence of acute rejection, post-transplant diabetes, incidence of infection, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after transplantation were compared between the groups. Results: Of the total patients (n=82), the high-variability group (n=41) exhibited significantly greater deviation from the therapeutic range (65.92% vs. 56.84%; p<0.001). There was no significant difference in acute rejection or post-transplantation diabetes incidence or eGFR; however, the number of infection in the first 6 months was significantly lower in the low-variability group (0.4 vs. 0.9 times; p=0.039). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of infection significantly increased as intrapatient variability increased (p=0.015). Conclusion: High intrapatient variability in tacrolimus concentrations was strongly associated with an increased frequency of deviation from the suggested therapeutic range and an increased number of infection.

Smith-Magenis Syndrome (SMS) 환아의 증례 보고 (SMITH-MAGENS SYNDROME (SMS) : A CASE REPORT)

  • 김은영;이긍호;최영철
    • 대한소아치과학회지
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    • 제30권3호
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    • pp.341-347
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    • 2003
  • Smith-Magenis syndrome(이하 SMS)은 제 17번 상염색체의 부분적 결손으로 발생하는 다발성 선천적 기형 및 정신지체를 특징으로 하는 증후군으로 1 : 25,000의 빈도로 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이 증후군은 작은 키와 단두증(brachycephaly)을 동반한 편평한 중안면, 처진 입, 종종 두드러지게 붉은 뺨, 성인에서 돌출된 턱 등의 특징적인 얼굴 생김새, 만성이염, 청각 손상, 사시와 근시를 포함한 눈의 이상, 목 쉰 소리, 짧은 손가락과 발가락, 심장 질환, 비뇨기 질환, 척추 만곡, 비정상적 걸음걸이, 통각에 둔감함 등의 신체적 특징을 지닌다. 특히 유아기에는 토실토실한 아기 얼굴, 행복한 기분, 드문 울음소리, 낮은 근 긴장도, 섭식 장애 등의 특징이 있다. 수면 장애를 포함하여 언어 지체 및 발음 장애, 발달지체, 학습 장애, 정신지체, 활동항진과 자해, 폭발적 분노, 지속되는 짜증, 파괴적이고 공격적인 행동, 흥분성, 흥분시에 팔로 안거나 손을 끼우는 행동 등의 행동 발달적 특징을 나타낸다. 본 증례는 3세 3개월된 남아로 생후 10개월에 SMS를 진단받은 환자로 상악 좌측 제 1유구치의 통증을 주소로 본과에 내원하였으며, 임상 및 방사선학적으로 다발성 우식증을 보였으며, 소아과 주치의에게 의뢰한 결과 심내막염의 예방을 위한 항생제의 처치를 처방 받고, 환아의 행동 발달적 문제로 인해 물리적 속박의 방법 하에 외래에서 치료되었다. 이 증례를 통해 SMS라는 희귀한 증후군에 관하여 보고하고자 한다.

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수술에 사용하는 생리식염수의 오염수준 변화 (A Study on the Contamination of Saline Used in the Operation)

  • 윤혜상
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.99-109
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    • 1995
  • Post-operative wound infections have been the serious problems in nursing care in the operating room and appear to be strongly related to the infection occurring during the operation. The purpose of this study is to identify the level of contamination in saline used in the operation and also examine the correlation between the contaminated saline and the length of the operation, and unclean atmospheric factor. Subjects for this study include 13 cases of operation performed at the operative theatre of a hospital in Seoul area. Test samples and related data were collected from this medical facility between Oct. 6 through Dec. 10, 1994 by the author and anurse who worked in the operating room. For the study, multiple batches of saline sample were collected at the various time intervals duringthe operation and filtered through the membrane filters. Viable microorganisms retained on the filters were cultured on the appropriate culture media and the levels of existing cells in saline were enumerated according to Koch's method. In the analyses of the data, Pearson's correlation coefficient was obtained for the examination of relationship between the length of operation and numbers of microorganisms existing in saline and for the comparison of the differences in numbers if microrganisms in saline sample collected at the various operative stages, e. g. pre-incision, excision and skin suturing stages, ANOVA and Scheff Tests were performed. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1) The lenth of the operation and numbers of microorganisms in the saline used in the operation appeared to be significantly correlated (r=0.5467, P<0,001). 2) In case of saline exposed to air, but not used in the operation, the length of exposure to the air and the numbers of microorganisms present in saline also showed an apparent correlation(r=0.5087, P<0. 001). 3) The frequencies of occurrence of microorganisms in saline used in the operation and in saline exposed only to the air in the given time showed significant differences(t=3.73, p=.0000). 4) In case of saline used in the operation, there is significant differences in its numbers of contained microorganisms between the operative stages ; pre-incision, excision, and skin suture (F=17.7500, p=.0000). 5) In case of saline exposed only to the air in the given time, there is significant differences in its numbers of contained microorganisms between the operative stages . pre-incision, excision, and skin suture(F=6.3807, p=.00031).

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국내 유통 주요 사과나무 묘목의 바이러스 감염 실태 (Survey on Virus Infection for Commercial Nursery Trees of Major Apple Cultivars in Korea)

  • 이성희;권의석;신현만;남상영;홍의연;김병관;김대일;차병진;차재순
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.355-362
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    • 2017
  • 국내에서 유통되고 있는 사과나무 묘목의 바이러스 감염 실태를 파악하기 위하여 사과 '홍로'와 '후지' 및 '후지' 아조변이 품종을 구입하여 5종류의 바이러스에 대한 감염 여부를 검정하였다. 그 결과, '홍로' 품종의 접수 부위는 ACLSV, ASPV 및 ASGV에 각각 100%, 81.3% 및 100%의 감염률을 보였고 ApMV와 ASSVd에는 전혀 감염되지 않았다. '홍로' 품종의 대목 부위에 대하여, ACLSV, ASPV 및 ASGV의 감염률은 각각 87.5%, 81.3% 및 100%이었고 ApMV와 ASSVd의 감염률은 각각 12.5% 및 6.3%이었다. '후지' 품종 및 '후지' 아조변이 품종의 접수 부위는 ACLSV, ASPV 및 ASGV에 각각 86.7%, 86.7% 및 100%의 감염률을 보였고 ApMV와 ASSVd에는 전혀 감염되지 않았다. 대목 부위는 ACLSV, ASPV 및 ASGV에 각각 86.7%, 93.3% 및 93.3%의 감염률을 보였고 ApMV와 ASSVd에 대한 감염률은 각각 12.5%와 6.3%이었다.

Detection and genotyping of Giardia intestinalis isolates using intergenic spacer (IGS)-based PCR

  • Lee, Jong-Ho;Lee, Jong-Weon;Park, Soon-Jung;Yong, Tai-Soon;Hwang, Ui-Wook
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제44권4호
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    • pp.343-353
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    • 2006
  • Giardia intestinalis infections arise primarily from contaminated food or water Zoonotic transmission is possible, and at least 7 major assemblages including 2 assemblages recovered from humans have been identified. The determination of the genotype of G. intestinalis is useful not only for assessing the correlation of clinical symptoms and genotypes, but also for finding the infection route and its causative agent in epidemiological studies. In this study, methods to identify the genotypes more specifically than the known 2 genotypes recovered from humans have been developed using the intergenic spacer (IGS) region of rDNA. The IGS region contains varying sequences and is thus suitable for comparing isolates once they are classified as the same strain. Genomic DNA was extracted from cysts isolated from the feces of 5 Chinese, 2 Laotians and 2 Koreans infected with G. intestinalis and the trophozoites of WB, K1, and GS strains cultured in the laboratory, respectively. The rDNA containing the IGS region was amplified by PCR and cloned. The nucleotide sequence of the 3' end of IGS region was determined and examined by multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Based on the nucleotide sequence of the IGS region, 13 G. intestinalis isolates were classified to assemblages A and B, and assemblage A was subdivided into A1 and A2. Then, the primers specific to each assemblage were designed, and PCR was peformed using those primers. It detected as little as 10 pg of DNA, and the PCR amplified products with the specific length to each assemblage (A1, 176bp; A2, 261 bp; B, 319 bp) were found. The PCR specific to 3 assemblages of G. intestinalis did not react with other bacteria or protozoans, and it did not react with G. intestinalis isolates obtained from dogs and rats. It was thus confirmed that by applying this PCR method amplifying the IGS region, the detection of G. intestinalis and its genotyping can be determined simultaneously.

하행 괴사성 종격동염의 치험례 (A Case of Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis)

  • 이인수;최환준;이한정;이재욱;이동기
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • 제36권3호
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    • pp.351-355
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: Cervical necrotizing fasciitis tends to involve the deep soft tissues and spread caudally to the anterior chest and mediastinum, often resulting in major complications and death. It may rapidly spread into the thorax along fascial planes, and the associated diagnostic delay results in this descending necrotizing mediastinitis. So, aggressive multidisciplinary therapy with surgical drainage is mandatory. We present a very rare case of descending necrotizing mediastinitis with literature review. Methods: A 53 years old male visited our department 7 days after trauma in neck. His premorbid conditions and risk factors of necrotizing fasciitis were concealed hepatoma, trauma history, chronic liver disease, and nutrition deficit. Computed tomographic scans of the head and neck region were performed in this patient : signs of necrotizing fasciitis, were seen in the platysma, sternocleidomastoid, trapezius muscle and strap muscles of the neck. Fluid accumulations involved multiple neck spaces and mediastinum. At the time, he diagnosed as necrotizing fasciitis on his neck and anterior chest. Necrotic wound was excised serially and we treated this with the Vacuum - assisted closure(VAC, Kinetics Concepts International, San Antonio, Texas) system device. After appropriately shaping the sponge and achieving additional 3 pieces drainage tubes in the pockets, continuous negative pressure of 125 mmHg was applied. The VAC therapy was utilized for a period of 12 days. Results: We obtained satisfactory results from wide excision, abscess drainage with the VAC system, and then split thickness skin graft. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion: The refined technique using the VAC system can provide a means of simple and effective management for the descending necrotizing mediastinitis, with better cosmetic and functional results. Finally, the VAC system has been adopted as the standard treatment for deep cervical and mediastinal wound infections as a result of the excellent clinical outcome.

일부 치위생과 학생의 감염관리 교육 후 인식 변화에 관한 연구 (A study on awareness change after infection control education by dental hygiene students in Some areas)

  • 손은교;정화영
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.494-502
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구는 치위생과 학생의 학교 교육과정상에 들어있는 치과감염관리 교과의 수업 후 감염관리 인식 변화를 학년별로 알아보고 교육 과정에 감염관리 교육방법의 추가 편성을 제시하기 위한 서술적 인과관계 연구이다. 결과로 첫째, 병원 실습 경험에 따른 항체인지는 실습 경험이 있는 학생 127명(62.6%)이 더 알고 있었고, 개인 방호 선택에서는 실습 경험과 상관없이 손 씻기가 가장 높았고, 그다음으로 마스크 쓰기를 선호하였으며, 감염 교육방법 선택은 실습수업이 병원 실습 경험과 상관없이 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 학년에 따른 항체 인지는 학년이 높을수록 더 인지하였고, 개인 방호 선택은 1, 2학년은 손 씻기를 선택한 반면, 3학년은 마스크 쓰기 (44.4%)를 선택하여 학년 간의 차이를 보였다 셋째, 실습 경험에 따른 환자 및 개인 건강인식 정도 차이에서는 환자 건강 인식 관련 결과 t 값은 '2.387', 유의 확률은 '0.05'보다 작기 때문에 실습 경험에 따른 환자 인식에는 차이가 나는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 환자 관련 감염 인식에 대해서는 교육 후 인식 변화가 가장 큰 설명 요인으로 나타났다. 학년, 실습 경험 유무의 차이에 따른 유의성이 나타난 것은 학년별로 실습 경험이 내재되어 있고, 임상실습 경험의 수에서 차이를 보였으며, 학생들의 교육방법 선택에서도 실습교육이 가장 효과적인 방법으로 선호도가 높았다. 감염 교육의 효과는 인식 형성에 도움을 주는 결과를 도출하여 계속적인 감염관리 교육의 계발과 재교육의 필요성을 알 수 있었다.