• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.115-115
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• 2020

Water network partitioning (WNP) is an initiative technique to divide the original water distribution network (WDN) into several sub-networks with only sparse connections between them called, District Metered Areas (DMAs). Operating and managing (O&M) WDN through DMAs is bringing many advantages, such as quantification and detection of water leakage, uniform pressure management, isolation from chemical contamination. The research of WNP recently has been highlighted by applying different methods for dividing a network into a specified number of DMAs. However, it is an open question on how to determine the optimal number of DMAs for a given network. In this study, we present a method to divide an original WDN into DMAs (called Clustering) based on community structure algorithm for auto-creation of suitable DMAs. To that aim, many hydraulic properties are taken into consideration to form the appropriate DMAs, in which each DMA is controlled as uniform as possible in terms of pressure, elevation, and water demand. In a second phase, called Sectorization, the flow meters and control valves are optimally placed to divide the DMAs, while minimizing the pressure reduction. To comprehensively evaluate the WNP performance and determine optimal number of DMAs for given WDN, we apply the framework of multiple-criteria decision analysis. The proposed method is demonstrated using a real-life benchmark network and obtained permissible results. The approach is a decision-support scheme for water utilities to make optimal decisions when designing the DMAs of their WDNs.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2023

Decision-making refers to identifying the best alternative among a set of alternatives. When a set of criteria are involved, the decision-making is called multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). In some cases, the involved criteria may be prioritized by the human decision-maker, which determines the importance degree for each criterion; hence, the decision-making becomes prioritized multi-criteria decision-making. The essence of prioritized MCDM is raking the different alternatives concerning the criteria and selecting best one(s) from the ranked list. This paper introduces a generic multi-level algorithm for ranking multiple alternatives in prioritized MCDM problems. The proposed algorithm is implemented by a decision support system for selecting the most critical short-road requests presented to the transportation ministry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The ranking results show that the proposed ranking algorithm achieves a good balance between the importance degrees determined by the human decision maker and the score value of the alternatives concerning the different criteria.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.13
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• pp.123-134
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to identify the predictable variables of criteria on clothing selection. Relationships among criteria on clothing selection, psychological variable, lifestyle variable, and demographic variable were tested by Pearsons' correlation coefficients and One-way ANOVA. The predictors of criteria on clothing selection were identified by Regression. The consumers were classified into several benefit-segments by criteria on clothing selection, and then, the character of each segment were identified by Multiple Discriminant Analysis. Data was obtained from 593 women living in Pusan by self-administered questionnaires. The results of the study were as follows; 1. Relationship between criteria on clothing selection and relative variables. 1) The important variables to criteria on clothing selection were "down-to-earth-sophisticated", "traditional-morden", "conventional-different", "conscientious-expendient", need for exhibitionism, need for sex, fashion / appearance. 2) The important factor of clothing selection criteria was comfort and it has significant difference among ages. 3) The higher of social-economic status have the more appearance-oriented selection. 2. Predictors of criteria on clothing selection. There were several important predictors of criteria on clothing selection like lifestyle, need, and self-image. Especially, fashion / appearance in lifestyle variable was very important. 3. Segmentation by the criteria on clothing selection. There are four groups Classified by the criteria on clothing selection, that is practical-oriented group, appearance-oriented group, practical and appearance-oriented group, and indifference group. The significant discriminative variables were Fashion / appearance factor, need for exhibitionism, and need for sex. The result of this study can be used for a enterprise to analysis the consumer and to build the strategy of advertisement clothing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1105-1108
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• 2004

This paper describes the structural analysis result and load test result of accident EMU(Electric Multiple Units). Structural analysis and load test of EMU were performed for the criteria of safety assessment. Structural analysis using commercial I-DEAS software provided important information on the stress distribution and load transfer mechanisms as well as the amount of damages during rolling stock crash. The purpose of the load test is to evaluate a safety which carbody structure shall be considered fully sufficient rigidity so as to satisfy proper system function under maximum load and operating condition. The results have been used to provide the critical information for the criteria of safety assessment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.253-259
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• 2005

This paper describes 3D Dimensional Measurement(EDM testing) and tensile testing results of carbody structure for crashed EMU(Electric Multiple Units). Tensile tests were performed on two different types of specimens in order to evaluate the strength changes before and after damages, obtained from plastic deformed area and nondeformed region of the crashed EMU. And Structural analysis of EMU was performed for the criteria of safety assessment. Structural analysis using commercial I-DEAS software provided important information on the stress distribution and load transfer mechanisms as well as the amount of damages during rolling stock crash. The testing results have been used to provide the critical information for the criteria of safety diagnosis.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.531-540
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• 2007

When multiple objectives exist, there are three approaches exist. These are maximin design, compound design, and constrained design. Still, each of three design criteria has its own strength and weakness. In this paper Hybrid approach is suggested when multiple design objectives exist, which is a combination of maximin and constrained design. Sometimes experimenter has several objectives, but he/she has only one or two primary objectives, others less important. A new approach should be useful under this condition. The genetic algorithm is used for few examples. It has been proven to be a very useful technique for this complex situation. Conclusion follows.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

A vendor selection problem consists of two different kinds of decision making. First one is to choose the best suppliers among all possible suppliers and the next is to allocate the optimal quantities of orders among the selected vendors. In this study, an integration of the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and a multi-objective mixed integer programming (MOMIP) is developed to account for all qualitative and quantitative factors which are used to evaluate and choose the best group of vendors and to decide the optimal order quantity for each vendor. A solution methodology for the vendor selection model of multiple-vendor, multiple-item with multiple decision criteria and in respect to finite vendor capacity is presented.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.73-82
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aims to identify the assessment criteria on textile and apparel supply chain management performance. Research design, data, and methodology: An integrated method of Delphi, quantitative survey, and ANP, in which Delphi with Kamet principle was applied to define the set of criteria, quantitative survey with reliability and validity test was utilized to ensure the match between the set of criteria and the whole textile and apparel industry, and ANP was used to derive weights of these criteria. Results: The set of supply chain management performance evaluation criteria composes of seven criteria namely order fulfillment quality, agility, costs, asset management, information sharing, innovation, and product development and 19 sub-criteria. Conclusions: This study theoretical contribution is the proposition of the set of evaluation criteria on supply chain performance. Regarding practical contribution, the study findings are guidelines for T&A companies in assessing and improving their supply chain capability. However, the findings are only for Vietnamese T&A context. Future research, therefore, may be expanded to other regions or countries' T&A industry. Additionally, future step to this study may be the utilization of other techniques of MCDM or methodological approaches like multiple regression, PLSSEM in defining weights of criteria or performance evaluation.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.185-199
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• 2020

A computationally-efficient method for multi-criteria optimisation is developed for performance-based seismic design of friction energy dissipation dampers in RC structures. The proposed method is based on the concept of Uniform Distribution of Deformation (UDD), where the slip-load distribution along the height of the structure is gradually modified to satisfy multiple performance targets while minimising the additional loads imposed on existing structural elements and foundation. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated through optimisation of 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20-storey RC frames with friction wall dampers subjected to design representative earthquakes using single and multi-criteria optimisation scenarios. The optimum design solutions are obtained in only a few steps, while they are shown to be independent of the selected initial slip loads and convergence factor. Optimum frames satisfy all predefined design targets and exhibit up to 48% lower imposed loads compared to designs using a previously proposed slip-load distribution. It is also shown that dampers designed with optimum slip load patterns based on a set of spectrum-compatible synthetic earthquakes, on average, provide acceptable design solutions under multiple natural seismic excitations representing the design spectrum.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.80-83
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• 2004

Objectives: The multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) is commonly used as a valid objective measure of sleepiness. The procedure of MSLT is well standardized but the sleep onset criterion is somewhat variable. One epoch of stage 1 sleep is the most commonly used criterion, and the criterion of three epochs of stage 1 sleep is also used. The purpose of this study was to compare the two criteria used to determine sleep onset. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 60 consecutive MSLT that were performed according to a standaridized protocol. We scored each test using the two different criteria for sleep onset and then statistically analyed the results. Results: Using the different criteria, 20 patients among 60 showed changes in mean sleep latency (33.3%). The extent of change ranged from 1.3% to 38.5% (mean 15.9%). Non-narcoleptic patients showed a significantly higher incidence of change than other sleep disorder patients. Conclusion: Changes in mean sleep latency occurred according to the different criteria of sleep onset. But the difference arising from different criteria was statistically not significant in patients with moderate to severe sleepiness. Considering that 1 epoch criterion for sleep onset is more sensitive in detecting clinically significant sleepiness, the authors suggest that the 1 epoch criterion is more reliable than the 3 epochs criterion.