• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

다중 볼트 접합부에서는, 해석적인 방법으로는 볼트의 개수가 두 개까지 만으로 제한되고 다양한 여러 형태의 접합부 거동 해석이 불가능하다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 볼트의 개수에 구애받지 않고 거동을 예측할 수 있으며 또한 다양한 형태의 여러 접합부의 거동을 해석할 수 있게 하기 위하여 수치해석적 방법을 개발하고자 하였다. 수치해석법을 이용하여 거동 해석을 실시하기 위한 최적 변수로는 r=0.35, Kx=137.5, Ky=257.4가 각각 얻어졌다. 기존의 이론적 방법에 비하여 본 연구에서 개발한 수치해석 모델의 거동 해석 정확도가 더 높음을 알 수 있었다.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.246-259
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• 2011

This study presents a structural health monitoring (SHM) method for bolted connections by using multi-channel wireless impedance sensor nodes and multiple PZT-interfaces. To achieve the objective, the following approaches are implemented. Firstly, a PZT-interface is designed to monitor bolt loosening in bolted connection based on variation of electro-mechanical(EM) impedance signatures. Secondly, a wireless impedance sensor node is designed for autonomous, cost-efficient and multi-channel monitoring. For the sensor platform, Imote2 is selected on the basis of its high operating speed, low power requirement and large storage memory. Finally, the performance of the wireless sensor node and the PZT-interfaces is experimentally evaluated for a bolt-connection model Damage monitoring method using root mean square deviation(RMSD) index of EM impedance signatures is utilized to estimate the strength of the bolted joint.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2008

수치해석 모델을 적용하여 다중 볼트 접합부의 거동을 해석하였다. 기본 모델로 축력-휨 요소를 가정하고 해석을 실시하였으며, 프레임재의 효과와 철물의 효과를 구분하여 해석을 실시하였다. 기존의 해석적인 방법은 볼트의 개수가 2개까지만으로 제한될 경우는 어느 정도 정확도를 보여 줄 수 있어서 많은 시간이 소요되는 수치해석적 방법보다 장점이 있을 수 있다. 하지만 현실적으로 사용되고 있는 현장의 조건은 그 이상의 볼트를 사용하고 있는 실정이다. 또한 현장에서 사용되고 있는 볼트의 배치 및 배열 형태를 기존의 해석적 방법을 적용하여 거동 분석을 실시한다는 것은 불가능하다. 이러한 현실 조건을 고려하여 볼트 접합부의 정확한 거동해석을 실시하기 위해서는 수치해석적 방법을 적용하는 방법 이외에는 대안이 없다. 다양한 다중 볼트 접합부에 대해 수치해석 모델을 적용한 결과 광범위하게 사용되고 있는 항복모델 등의 기존의 경험적 해석방법에 비해 현실적인 접합부 여건 반영이 수월하고 정확성에 있어서 우수함을 볼 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2000

Attempts were made to analyze the behavior of single and multiple-bolted connections through theoretical methods such as European yield theory, empirical approaching method, and semi-rigid theory instead of many experimental methods that have been actually inefficient and non-economical. In the case of a single-bolted connection, if accurate characteristic values of a material could be guaranteed, it would be more convenient and economical to perform the behavior analysis using a model based on the semi-rigid theory, instead of the existing complex yield model, or the empirical formula which produces errors, giving different results from the actual ones. If the variables of equation determining the load and deformation could be appropriately controlled, the analytical method in conjunction with a semi-rigid theory could be effectively applied to obtain the desirably predicted value, considering that the appropriate solution could be derived through a simpler equation using a less difficult method compared to the existing yield model. It is concluded that analytical method with semi-rigid theory can be used in the behavior analysis of bolted connection because our developed method showed excellent analysis ability of behavior until number of bolt is two. Although our analytical method has the disadvantage that the number of bolt is limited to two, it is concluded that it has the advantage than numerical method which complicated and time-consuming.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.281-294
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• 2015

Bolted joint connection is the most commonly used connection element in structures and devices. The loosening due to external dynamic loads cannot be observed and measured easily and may cause catastrophic loss especially in an extreme requirement and/or environment. In this paper, an innovative Real-time Cross-Correlation Method (RCCM) for monitoring of the bolted joint loosening was proposed. We apply time reversal process on stress wave propagation to obtain correlation signal. The correlation signal's peak amplitude represents the cross-correlation between the loosening state and the baseline working state; therefore, it can detect the state of loosening. Since the bolt states are uncorrelated with noise, the peak amplitude will not be affected by noise and disturbance while it increases SNR level and increases the measured signals' reliability. The correlation process is carried out online through physical wave propagation without any other post offline complicated analyses and calculations. We implemented the proposed RCCM on a single bolt/nut joint experimental device to quantitatively detect the loosening states successfully. After that we implemented the proposed method on a real large structure (reaction wall) with multiple bolted joint connections. Loosening indexes were built for both experiments to indicate the loosening states. Finally, we demonstrated the proposed method's great anti-noise and/or disturbance ability. In the instrumentation, we simply mounted Lead Zirconium Titanate (PZT) patches on the device/structure surface without any modifications of the bolted connection. The low-cost PZTs used as actuators and sensors for active sensing are easily extended to a sensing network for large scale bolted joint network monitoring.