• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.165-188
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• 2021

Purpose This study was conducted to identify the multidimensional role of institutional mechanisms in the linear relationship of satisfaction, trust and repurchase intention, which are used as an important concept in the research of e-commerce. To this end, a research model was proposed by combining concepts which are the concept of perceived effectiveness of institutional mechanisms for overall e-commerce environment(e.g., PEEIM) and the concep of perceived effectiveness of institutional structures(e.g., PEIS) of a specific marketplace based on the social cognitive theory. Design/methodology/approach This study was conducted by dividing the data into two groups to identify institutional mechanisms and trust-building relationships according to the institutional contexts inherent in e-commerce. The institutional contexts were set up for the top two online companies and the bottom two online companies according to the results of the open market brand assessment from 2018 to 2019 in South Korea. Findings The result of this study found that PEIS had a direct impact on trust in both high and low groups respectively whereas PEEIM presented different paradoxical results in high and low groups. In the relationship between the satisfaction and the trust in the vendor of the high group, PEEIM showed negative moderating effects but in the relationship between the trust and the repurchase intention of the low group PEEIM showed positive moderating effects.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.78-91
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• 2017

In this study, we conducted a comparative study on user's perception and behavior on public system service (PSS) using institutionalism theory and MGA (multi-group analysis) methodology. In particular, this study focuses on how institutional isomorphism is applied to public system services and how MGA can be implemented correctly in a variance based SEM (structural equation model) such as PLS (partial least square). A data set of 496 effective responses was collected from pubic system users and an empirical research was conducted using three segmented models categorized by public proximity theory (public firms = 113, government contractors = 210, private contractors = 173). For rigorous group comparisons, each model was estimated by the same indicators and approaches. PLS-SEM was used in testing research hypotheses, followed by parametric and non-parametric PLS-MGA procedures in testing categorical moderation effects. This study applied novel procedures for testing composite measurement invariance prior to multi-group comparisons. The following main results and implications are drawn : 1) Partial measurement invariance was established. Multi-group analysis can be done by decomposed models although data can not be pooled for one integrated model. 2) Multi-group analysis using various approaches showed that proximity to public sphere moderated some hypothesized paths from quality dimensions to user satisfaction, which means that categorical moderating effects were partially supported. 3) Careful attention should be given to the selection of statistical test methods and the interpretation of the results of multi-group analysis, taking into account the different outcomes of the PLS-MGA test methods and the low statistical power of the moderating effect. It is necessary to use various methods such as comparing the difference in the path coefficient significance and the significance of the path coefficient difference between the groups. 4) Substantial differences in the perceptions and behaviors of PSS users existed according to proximity to public sphere, including the significance of path coefficients, mediation and categorical moderation effects. 5) The paper also provides detailed analysis and implication from a new institutional perspective. This study using a novel and appropriate methodology for performing group comparisons would be useful for researchers interested in comparative studies employing institutionalism theory and PLS-SEM multi-group analysis technique.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2024

PURPOSE. This study aims to assess and predict lifespan of dental prostheses using newly developed Korean Association of Prosthodontics (KAP) criteria through a large-scale, multi-institutional survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Survey was conducted including 16 institutions. Cox proportional hazards model and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to find out relevant factors and predict life expectancy. RESULTS. 1,703 fixed and 815 removable prostheses data were collected and evaluated. Statistically significant factors in fixed prosthesis failure were plaque index and material type, with a median survival of 10 to 18 years and 14 to 20 years each. In removable prosthesis, factors were national health insurance coverage, antagonist type, and prosthesis type (complete or partial denture), with median survival of 10 to 13 years, 11 to 14 years, and 10 to 15 years each. For still-usable prostheses, PCA analysis predicted an additional 3 years in fixed and 4.8 years in removable prosthesis. CONCLUSION. Life expectancy of a prosthesis differed significantly by factors mostly controllable either by dentist or a patient. Overall life expectancy was shown to be longer than previous research.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.71-94
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• 2020

Purpose - Multi-National Enterprises (MNEs) tend to face a high level of institutional pressures in regions with high institutional development level. When complying with institutional pressures, firms try to make decisions to maximize profit while minimizing the risks to them. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the institutional development level on institutional compliance timing by MNEs and the relationship between compliance speed and corporate performance. Design/methodology - The research focuses on three main variables, which are the institutional development level (as a determination of the institutional pressure level), the firm's compliance speed (as a determination of the compliance timing), and the firm's financial performance (as a determination of the corporate performance). We collected 19,869 firm-level data from CSMAR (the China Stock Market and Accounting Research), 6,922 CSR data from RKS (the Rankins CSR Ratings), and province and city-level data from the NERIM (National Economic Research Institute Index of Marketization) and NBSC (National Bureau of Statistics of China). The firms in China were chosen for analysis, and the analysis period was from 2008 to 2017. Random Effects GLS Regression was used to test the relationships among the variables. Findings - This study examined the effect of the institutional development level on the firm's compliance speed, together with the effect of compliance speed on the firm's financial performance of the MNEs in China. We found that the institutional development level positively influenced firms' financial performances, which means the firms' financial performances are better in the region with a high institutional development level. The compliance speed of institutional practice by firms was faster in the higher level of institutional development. However, the firm's delayed compliance led to better financial performance. Originality/value - Studies in the resource dependence view of Institutional Theory often fall short in understanding the theory by overlooking the firm's active decision-making. Thus, the findings do not present a full scope of corporate performance in this regard. This study not only found a way to test the role of a firm's independent decision-making (i.e., compliance timing) when facing the institutional pressure but also prove the significant role of the compliance timing on corporate performance. Also, we were able to test the effect of institutional development level, controlling location-specific variables because we used CSR performance data for MNEs operating in China. Lastly, by doing the above, the findings of this study suggest practical implications to the industry practitioners in MNEs.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2021

지역사회획득폐렴은 만성폐쇄성페질환 환자 사망의 중요 원인 질환이며 폐렴구균은 폐렴의 중요 원인균이다. 폐렴구균에 의한 폐렴을 예방하는 대표적인 방법으로는 폐렴구균백신과 독감백신의 접종을 들 수 있다. 국내 주요 7개 대학병원에서는 전향적, 다기관, 코호트 연구를 통하여 폐렴으로 입원한 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자를 대상으로 폐렴구균예방접종과 독감예방접종여부에 따라 폐렴의 중증도에 차이가 있는지에 대해 연구하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 다기관 연구자들이 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자의 데이터를 효과적으로 수집하고 관리하도록 도움을 주는 온라인 등록 시스템을 구축하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 오프라인 임상 연구의 단점을 보완하기 위해 정확한 데이터의 입력과 편리한 데이터 완성, 그리고 실시간 데이터 관리 등의 세 가지 기본 전략을 제시하였다. 개발된 온라인 등록 시스템은 다기관 임상 연구에 활용되어 그 성능을 평가받았다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.95-113
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• 2016

This study investigates the potential for multi-cultural youths, given their innate bilingual and dual culture, to be trained as the competent ODA professionals. For the purpose of collecting information, we organized two different kinds of FGI in 2015. The first FGI was conducted with a group of 10 expert participants from August 17 to September 25. The second FGI was conducted four times, from October 5 to October 23, with 13 adolescents from multi-cultural families from Russia, Mongolia, Vietnam, India, Indonesia, Japan, and China. The semi-structured interview items were passed through a formal review process of the Institutional Ethics Committee. Furthermore, with the participants' pre-consent to recording, all recorded data were categorized through the transcription process. The results are as follows. While the potential for nourishing bilingual and dual cultural capabilities are high for the adolescent children of multi-cultural families, the expert group also emphasized the negative aspects of these capabilities being suppressed due to the relatively oppressed family environment. The expert group therefore suggests the following: building parent awareness of ODA human resources, developing an educational career transition roadmap, and providing institutional incentives for ODA. In addition, to some extent, the researchers were able to detect some positive self-esteem among the adolescent children of multi-cultural families as a result of the bilingual and dual cultural competencies required to be ODA personnel. In sum, the research provides insight into the need for national social support for the adolescent children of multi-cultural families, so that their strengths are not extinguished, in order that they might grow up as competent ODA personnel.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.59.1-59.5
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• 2022

Korean Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) is currently facing some operational pressing issues. 1) Review of the animal protocol containing controversial technology. 2) Review of the multi-institution animal protocol. 3) Review of veterinary clinical trials for client-owned animals. 4) Delay in the review process in large institutions with a single IACUC. Here, the following three solutions are proposed to address the above issues. 1) Establishment of public IACUC. 2) Establishment of the Veterinary Clinical Study Committee as an advisory body to the IACUC. 3) Operating multiple committees rather than increasing the number of committee members on a single committee.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.425-456
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• 2011

Background: Organizations in the pharmaceutical industry are highly dependent on the institutional environment. The introduction of pharmacoeconomics to the decision-making on the price and reimbursement decisions became strong constraints to pharmaceutical companies in Korea. As little is known about the issue on organization-environment interaction in the healthcare field, this study aimed to figure out how pharmaceutical companies adapted to the environmental changes. Methods: A multicase study method was used, selecting eight cases among multi-national pharmaceutical companies in South Korea. In-depth interviews were conducted with the managers of these organizations, and secondary data were reviewed to complement the interviews. Results: Pharmaceutical companies viewed the new policies as a big threat and sought for actions against them. One of the most distinguishing organizational changes was to construct a Market Access department. Other strategies managing the environment such as co-optation, forecasting, and bargaining were also implemented. These changes were consistent with the predictions of Resource Dependency Theory and Institutional Theory. Conclusions: The interactions between pharmaceutical companies and institutional environments in healthcare were first explored. This study presents a new perspective on how organizations change and the motives for the changes. The findings of this case study will form the basis of further empirical studies.

• 대한기관윤리심의기구협의회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.38-47
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the efficiency of 2 types of Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) for multicenter research. Methods: The 2 types are joint IRB and local IRB. For this study, we selected multicenter research reviewed and approved by joint or local IRBs between October 2019 and December 2022. We assessed the time it took for each IRB to approve the research based on the number of working days per IRB review case. We then stratified the data according to the number of participating institutions, the type of research, and the type of IRB review. Results: The results of our study show that joint IRB is more efficient than local IRB. The median IRB approval time for joint IRB was 27 days, 73.5% shorter than local IRB (27 days vs. 102 days, respectively, p<0.001). As the number of participating institutions in multicenter research increased, joint IRB reviews became more efficient regarding the required approval time than local IRB reviews. We also found that joint IRB was faster in every administrative step until new research was approved (p<0.005) when compared to local IRB. Conclusion: Our study highlights that a single review through a joint IRB can significantly reduce the time required for IRB approval of multicenter research. This approach can ensure that all participating institutions follow the same review results. Therefore, a single IRB review effectively reduces the burden of IRB for multicenter research.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

본 연구는 도시의 공공용지 녹지에 의한 탄소의 연간 흡수 및 저장을 계량화하고, 탄소저감 효과를 증진하기 위한 녹지구조의 개선방안을 제시하였다. 연구대상 도시는 규모와 분포지방을 고려하여 서울시, 대전시, 대구시, 춘천시, 순천시 등 총 5개 도시를 표본 선정하였다. 대상 도시의 항공사진 상에서 체계적 임의 표본추출방법을 통해 표본 공공용지를 선정하고, 녹지의 수평적 및 수직적 구조를 실사하였다. 도시 조경수목을 대상으로 개발한 수종별 계량모델을 적용하여, 식재수목에 의한 탄소의 연간 흡수 및 저장량을 산정하였다. 연구대상 공공용지의 교목밀도는 도시들 모두에 걸쳐 평균 1.4±0.1주/100㎡이고, 흉고직경은 14.9±0.2cm이었다. 녹지의 수직구조는 교목, 관목 또는 잔디만 식재한 단층구조의 비율이 다층구조보다 더 높았다. 식재수목에 의한 단위면적당 연간 탄소흡수량은 평균 0.65±0.04t/ha/yr이고, 단위면적당 탄소저장량은 7.37±0.47t/ha로서, 국내·외의 타 녹지공간 유형에 비해 낮은 탄소저감 효과를 보였다. 이는 연구대상 공공용지의 식재수목 밀도와 규격이 상대적으로 저조하기 때문이었다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 공공용지의 녹지는 공공용 전력소비에 따른 탄소배출을 도시에 따라 해마다 0.6(서울)~1.9%(춘천) 상쇄시키는 셈이었다. 잠재식재공간 내 수목식재는 기존 연간 탄소흡수량을 약 18% 추가 증진 가능하였다. 공공용지 녹지의 탄소저감 효과를 증진하기 위해서는 잠재식재공간의 적극적 수목식재, 상층 교목, 중층 교목 및 하층 관목으로 구성되는 다층 군식의 추진, 탄소흡수 능력이 양호한 교목종의 상층 식재, 상록수종의 토피어리, 관리회피 등이 요구된다. 본 연구는 국내 미진한 공공용지의 녹지구조 및 탄소상쇄를 구명하는데 중점을 두었다.