• Food Industry And Nutrition
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2004

Foods contain various biologically functional components which contribute to our health. As shown in Table 1, bioregulatory function of food components are classified into five categories. In the enhancement of biodefense system, dietary fibers (DF), unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), antioxidants are effective. These components are also, effective in other categories. This means that food components are multifunctional. To maintain our health, effective use of multi-functional activity of food components is essential. (omitted)

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.121-133
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• 2018

In South Korea, a few kinds of social farming practice are identified: care farming, labour integration, and training in farming sector. Although social farming is not a prevailing activity in rural communities, it attracts much attention from a range of actors in society. In Hongseong-gun, from a few years ago, two farms began to care and employ the mentally disabled and to train young new comers who want to grow crops in the way of organic farming. Both of them are cooperatives, which were established by the residents want to participate in. These movement has made some changes in the community. And now, it became the well-known cases of social farming as well as multi-functional agriculture. Social farming can be described as a praxis to deterritorialize the units of agricultural production and the rural community, where food empires imposed their ordering principle upon units of agricultural production in order to appropriate the value added by farming.

• Water for future
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.35-39
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• 2003

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.304-308
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• 2010

This study compared and analyzed existing studies and released papers to identify the "definition and scope of urban agriculture" which correspond to the circumstances of Korea based on the fact that urban agriculture was selected as one of the measures to pursue green growth by the Presidential Committee on Green Growth (PCGG) and the discussions and deliberations among PCGG, government, academia, civic organizations, and experts. It also aims to present the ways of policy to facilitate the development of urban agriculture based on the mentioned identification. This research proposes the definition of urban agriculture as 'all agricultural activities that incorporates multi-functional public benefits of agriculture performed within the administrative district of a city. However, the scope of urban agriculture should exclude the agricultural sites, the methods, and the activities that are against the multi-functional public benefits of agriculture, which will be determined depending on the spaces, methods, and purposes of planting food crops. In order to facilitate the development of urban agriculture, the government should implement the policy measures as following: (1) to analyze spaces for farming, and provide the spaces to the citizens; (2) to prepare legislation and institution that will allow citizens to use the farming spaces continuously; (3) to develop Korean-style urban agriculture model that fully reflects the features of Korean cities; (4) to develop a system where the urban citizens can easily learn and experience the urban agriculture; and, (5) to provide incentives that will attract active participation of urban citizens such as carbon mileage. (6) to analyze effect of urban agriculture to save energy and food self-sufficiency.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.107-126
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• 2005

The most limited production resource in Korea is land. During the period from 1995 to 2002, annual farm land area of 17,600ha have been converted to urban and industrial land. The self-sufficiency rate of rice, Korean staple food, is expected to be decreased from 97.5% in 2003 to 60-70% in 2020. Under such conditions, this study is aimed at first identifying multi-functional benefits of the reclamation projects such as agricultural production, industrial water supply, urban land supply, transportation effects, sightseeing effects and environmental values with and without the projects. To carry out the objectives, three existing tideland reclamation projects such as Daeho, Kumgang and Yongsangang irrigation project stage II were evaluated and Saemangeum tideland reclamation project which was jointly revaluated by environmental NGO and Govn't appointed specialists in 2000 was reviewed. According to this study results, tide land reclamation projects were showed financially and economically feasible and environmentally sustainable. The joint cost like estuary dam should be allocated based on the multi-functional benefits of the projects. To allocate the joint cost, legal and institutional improvement should adapt the joint cost allocation method as the specific cost-remaining benefit method. Korea has more than 402,000 ha of tidal flat of which 76,396ha have been reclaimed in 2003. To meet food security and to cope with shortage of land, phil-environmental reclamation projects should be continuously implemented and necessary tidal flats for protecting environmental ecosystem should be remained according to the detail survey results of reclaimable resources.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.70-76
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• 1999

Rice farming is not only the most important income resources of Korean farmers but also the roots of Korean traditional culture. Paddy fields have acted as an food supply base but also have contributed to the public multi-functions such as flood control, water conservation, controlling soil erosion, providing recreational and resting spaces, water purification, air cleaning, oxygen supply and air cooling and so on. The public multi-functions of paddy except rice production have not been evaluated before UR negotiation and starting WTO system. Under the drastic changes of rice economic settings as price decrease of rice and downward decrease of farm income, Korean and Japanese farmers might have lost their intention to grow rice in paddy fields without the direct payment system to compensate rice income decrease. To adapt the direct payment system, the total public value of multi-function of paddy should be identified in terms of money. According to the research results, the total value of multi-functional value of paddy in Korea were estimated 21,596thousand won which is higher than rice production value by 2.1 times. On the other hand the total value of Japanese paddy were amounted to 21,390 Yen which is more than that of Korea by 10times outstandingly. Likewise Japanese have evaluated the paddy field very important enterprise from the view point of food security and multi -functions of paddy to their socio-economic life and environmental sustainability in Japan.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 2020

The study aims to identify the factors affecting business performance of rural tourism operators. For this study, 1,004 questionnaires were collected by field survey of rural tourism operators. The linear multiple regression analysis were used to identify factors affecting performance of rural tourism business. The result indicate that the factors influencing the sales of rural tourism business were in order of owning sales facilities, perception of multi-functional value of agriculture and rural, group promotion, number of rooms, and gender. In the case of gender, it was found that females had a high probability of positively affecting sales. The factors influencing the satisfaction of the rural tourism business were in the order of management strategy, number of days of operation, perception of multi-functional value of agriculture and rural, and business career. In the case of management strategy, it was found that the differentiation strategy have a positively affecting the satisfaction of the rural tourism business. As for the business career, the shorter the career, the higher the probability of positively affecting the satisfaction of the rural tourism business. The results of this study would be useful for establishing strategies to improve the management performance of the rural tourism business.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.87-101
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• 2019

This study analyzed the executive characteristics of farmers in the achievement contents of prize winners who can be called advanced farmers. According to the analysis, advanced farmers were responsible for developing new agricultural technologies and extending into farmers in the 1990s to increase productivity. In the 2000s, individual farmers were organized to contribute to regional agricultural development by the advanced farmers. In the future, advanced farmers should play a role in the sustainable agriculture through the multi functional value oriented agriculture.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.323-336
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• 2023

As a byproduct obtained from cheese manufacture, whey protein was developed as a functional food that contains multi-functional proteins. In this study, the biochemical activity of fermented milk prepared by fortifying whey protein with excellent physiological activity was investigated. Immunoglobulin (IgG) content was higher in 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk than in the control. The viable cell counts were 20% higher in the fermented milk with 10% fortified whey protein than in the control group. The antibacterial effect of 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk compared to the control group was shown to be effective against four pathogenic microorganisms, Escherichia coli (KCTC1039), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 530, Salmonela Typhimurium (KCTC3216), and Staphylococcus aureus (KCTC1621). The antioxidant effect by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities wasincreased two-fold in 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk compared to the control. The 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk inhibited the expression of the inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, and induced nitric oxide synthase [iNOS]) in a concentration-dependent manner. In a piglets feeding test, the weight gain with 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk was increased by 18% compared to the control group, and no diarrhea symptoms appeared. Our results clearly demonstrated that 10% fortified whey protein fermented milk could be a useful functional ingredient for improving health.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.1109-1118
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• 2024

Probiotics, specifically Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, have garnered attention for their potential health benefits. This study focuses on evaluating the probiotic properties of candidate probiotics L. rhamnosus IDCC 3201 (3201) using the Caenorhabditis elegans surrogate animal model, a well-established in vivo system for studying host-bacteria interactions. The adhesive ability to the host's gastrointestinal tract is a crucial criterion for selecting potential probiotic bacteria. Our findings demonstrated that 3201 exhibits significantly higher adhesive capabilities compared with Escherichia coli OP50 (OP50), a standard laboratory food source for C. elegans and is comparable with the widely recognized probiotic L. rhamnosus GG (LGG). In lifespan assay, 3201 significantly increased the longevity of C. elegans compared with OP50. In addition, preconditioning with 3201 enhanced C. elegans immune response against four different foodborne pathogenic bacteria. To uncover the molecular basis of these effects, transcriptome analysis elucidated that 3201 modulates specific gene expression related to the innate immune response in C. elegans. C-type lectin-related genes and lysozyme-related genes, crucial components of the immune system, showed significant upregulation after feeding 3201 compared with OP50. These results suggested that preconditioning with 3201 may enhance the immune response against pathogens. Metabolome analysis revealed increased levels of fumaric acid and succinic acid, metabolites of the citric acid cycle, in C. elegans fed with 3201 compared with OP50. Furthermore, there was an increase in the levels of lactic acid, a well-known antimicrobial compound. This rise in lactic acid levels may have contributed to the robust defense mechanisms against pathogens. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the probiotic properties of the candidate probiotic L. rhamnosus IDCC 3201 by using multi-omics analysis.