• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.4290-4309
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• 2020

In recent years, advancements in machine learning capabilities have allowed it to see widespread adoption for tasks such as object detection, image classification, and anomaly detection. However, despite their promise, a limitation lies in the fact that a network's performance quality is based on the data which it receives. A well-trained network will still have poor performance if the subsequent data supplied to it contains artifacts, out of focus regions, or other visual distortions. Under normal circumstances, images of the same scene captured from differing points of focus, angles, or modalities must be separately analysed by the network, despite possibly containing overlapping information such as in the case of images of the same scene captured from different angles, or irrelevant information such as images captured from infrared sensors which can capture thermal information well but not topographical details. This factor can potentially add significantly to the computational time and resources required to utilize the network without providing any additional benefit. In this study, we plan to explore using image fusion techniques to assemble multiple images of the same scene into a single image that retains the most salient key features of the individual source images while discarding overlapping or irrelevant data that does not provide any benefit to the network. Utilizing this image fusion step before inputting a dataset into the network, the number of images would be significantly reduced with the potential to improve the classification performance accuracy by enhancing images while discarding irrelevant and overlapping regions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.133-141
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• 2020

Up to date cosmetic OEM/ODM (original equipment manufacturing/original development manufacturing) industry receives attention as a future growth engine due to steady growth. However, because of limited research and development capability, many companies have employed commercial management platforms specialized for large-sized companies; thus, overall system effectiveness and efficiency is low. Especially, MRP (material requirement planning) system introduced originally in 1970s is employed to calculate the requirement of the parts. However, dynamic nature of production lead time usually results in incorrect requirements. In addition, its algorithm does not consider the capability of the production resources. Also, because the commercial MRP system calculates all subcomponent for fixed period, the more goods have subcomponent, the slower calculation is. Therefore, conventional MRP system cannot respond complicated situation in time. In this study, we will suggest a new method that can respond to complicated situations resulting from short lead time and urgent production order in Korean cosmetic market. In particular, a distributed MRP system is proposed, that consists of multi-functional and operational modules, based on the characteristic of the BOM (bill of material). The distributed MRP system divides components (i.e. products and parts) into several fields and decrease the problem size; thus, we can respond to dynamically changed data any time. Through this solution, we can order components quickly, adjust schedules and planned quantity, and manage stocks reasonably. In addition, a prototype of the distributed MRP system is presented in this paper, in which ERP (enterprise resource planning) sever data is associated with an excel spreadsheet via MSsql. System user interface is implemented by a VBA (visual basic for applications) tool. According to a case study, response rate for delivery and planning achievement rate were enhanced about 20%, and inventory turnover was also decreased. Consequently, the proposed system improves overall profit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2021

Urban expansion, particularly converting sub-urban areas to residential and commercial land use in metropolitan areas, has been considered as a significant signal of regional economic development. However, this results in urban climate change. One of the key impacts of rapid urbanization on the environment is the effect of UHI (Urban Heat Island). Understanding the effects of urban land cover change on UHI is crucial for improving the ecology and sustainability of cities. This research reports an application of remote sensing data, GIS (Geographic Information Systems) for assessing effects of urban land cover change on the LST (Land Surface Temperature) and heat budget components in Ho Chi Minh City, where is one of the fastest urbanizing region of Vietnam. The change of urban land cover component and LST in the city was derived by using multi-temporal Landsat data for the period of 1998 - 2020. The analysis showed that, from 1998 to 2020 the city had been drastically urbanized into multiple directions, with the urban areas increasing from approximately 125.281 km² in 1998 to 162.6 km² in 2007, and 267.2 km² in 2020, respectively. The results of retrieved LST revealed the radiant temperature for 1998 ranging from 20.2℃ to 31.2℃, while that for 2020 remarkably higher ranging from 22.1℃ to 42.3℃. The results also revealed that given the same percentage of urban land cover components, vegetation area is more effective to reduce the value of LST, meanwhile the impervious surface is the most effective factor to increase the value of the LST.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.43-57
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• 2022

This study aims to classify forest fire-affected areas, identify forest types by the intensity of forest fire damage using multi-time Landsat-satellite images before and after forest fires and to analyze the effects of artificial restoration sites and natural restoration sites. The difference in the values of the Normalized Burned Ratio(NBR) before and after forest fire damage not only maximized the identification of forest fire affected and unaffected areas, but also quantified the intensity of forest fire damage. The index was also used to confirm that the higher the intensity of forest fire damage in all forest fire-affected areas, the higher the proportion of coniferous forests, relatively. Monitoring was conducted after forest fires through Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI), an index suitable for the analysis of effects by restoration type and the NDVI values for artificial restoration sites were found to no longer be higher after recovering the average NDVI prior to the forest fire. On the other hand, the natural restoration site witnessed that the average NDVI value gradually became higher than before the forest fires. The study result confirms the natural resilience of forests and these results can serve as a basis for decision-making for future restoration plans for the forest fire affected areas. Further analysis with various conditions is required to improve accuracy and utilization for the policies, in particular, spatial analysis through forest maps as well as review through site checks before and immediately after forest fires. More precise analysis on the effects of restoration will be available based on a long term monitoring.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.83 no.3
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• pp.293-304
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• 2022

In this work, a novel reliability approach for combined high and low cycle fatigue (CCF) estimation is developed by combining active learning strategy with least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) (named as ALS-SVM) surrogate model to address the multi-resources uncertainties, including working loads, material properties and model itself. Initially, a new active learner function combining LS-SVM approach with Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is presented to improve computational efficiency with fewer calls to the performance function. To consider the uncertainty of surrogate model at candidate sample points, the learning function employs k-fold cross validation method and introduces the predicted variance to sequentially select sampling. Following that, low cycle fatigue (LCF) loads and high cycle fatigue (HCF) loads are firstly estimated based on the training samples extracted from finite element (FE) simulations, and their simulated responses together with the sample points of model parameters in Coffin-Manson formula are selected as the MC samples to establish ALS-SVM model. In this analysis, the MC samples are substituted to predict the CCF reliability of turbine blades by using the built ALS-SVM model. Through the comparison of the two approaches, it is indicated that the reliability model by linear cumulative damage rule provides a non-conservative result compared with that by the proposed one. In addition, the results demonstrate that ALS-SVM is an effective analysis method holding high computational efficiency with small training samples to gain accurate fatigue reliability.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1439-1450
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• 2021

Objective: With the rapid development of proteomics sequencing and RNA sequencing technology, multi-omics analysis has become a current research hotspot. Our previous study indicated that Xinjiang brown cattle have better meat quality than Kazakh cattle. In this study, Xinjiang brown cattle and Kazakh cattle were used as the research objects. Methods: Proteome sequencing and RNA sequencing technology were used to analyze the proteome and transcriptome of the longissimus dorsi muscle of the two breeds of adult steers (n = 3). Results: In this project, 22,677 transcripts and 1,874 proteins were identified through quantitative analysis of the transcriptome and proteome. By comparing the identified transcriptome and proteome, we found that 1,737 genes were identified at both the transcriptome and proteome levels. The results of the study revealed 12 differentially expressed genes and proteins: troponin I1, crystallin alpha B, cysteine, and glycine rich protein 3, phosphotriesterase-related, myosin-binding protein H, glutathione s-transferase mu 3, myosin light chain 3, nidogen 2, dihydropyrimidinase like 2, glutamate-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, receptor accessory protein 5, and aspartoacylase. We performed functional enrichment of these differentially expressed genes and proteins. The Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes results showed that these differentially expressed genes and proteins are enriched in the fatty acid degradation and histidine metabolism signaling pathways. We performed parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) verification of the differentially expressed proteins, and the PRM results were consistent with the sequencing results. Conclusion: Our study provided and identified the differentially expressed genes and proteins. In addition, identifying functional genes and proteins with important breeding value will provide genetic resources and technical support for the breeding and industrialization of new genetically modified beef cattle breeds.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.1023-1029
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• 2021

The Japanese common squid Todarodes pacificus is one of the fish species within the total allowable catch (TAC) system which requires further investigation. In this study, the acoustic survey method was used to analyze the distribution of the Japanese common squid Todarodes pacificus across all the seas of South Korea. The sea area within Korea was investigated using the research vessels 20, 21, and 22 of the National Institute of Fisheries Science. The acoustic surveys were carried out from July to September 2019 and February to May 2020. The acoustic systems used in the survey had frequencies of 38 kHz and 120 kHz (EK60, EK80, Simrad, Norway) of the split-beam scientific echosounder. The results showed that, in spring, 277 m²/nmi² was the highest in the east sea area, and the same in the summer season 880 m²/nmi² was the highest in the east sea area. In autumn, the highest nautical area scattering coefficient (NASC) value was observed in the coastal portion of the south sea, and in winter, the NASC values were generally low in all the sea area.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.442-448
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• 2021

Seawater desalination is a technology through which salt and other constituents are removed from seawater to produce fresh water. While a significant amount of fresh water is produced, the desalination process is limited by the generation of concentrated brine with a higher salinity than seawater; this imposes environmental and economic problems. In this study, characteristics of seawater from three different locations in South Korea were analyzed to evaluate the feasibility of crystallization to seawater desalination. Organic and inorganic substances participating in crystal formation during concentration were identified. Then, prediction and economic feasibility analysis were conducted on the actual water flux and obtainable salt resources (i.e. Na2SO4) using membrane distillation and energy-saving crystallizer based on multi-stage flash (MSF-Cr). The seawater showed a rather low salinity (29.9~34.4 g/L) and different composition ratios depending on the location. At high concentrations, it was possible to observe the participation of dissolved organic matter and various ionic substances in crystalization. When crystallized, materials capable of forming various crystals are expected. However, it seems that different salt concentrations should be considered for each location. When the model developed using the Aspen Plus modular was applied in Korean seawater conditions, relatively high economic feasibility was confirmed in the MSF-Cr. The results of this study will help solve the environmental and economic problems of concentrated brine from seawater desalination.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.435-439
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• 2022

ROK has a lot to benchmark from how Ukraine is fighting Russia back with its tactical wins. They have taken a targeted strategy to strike Russia's top generals with high precision. To carry out this strategy, Ukraine is operating a Special Operations Force, which utilizes US/NATO forces, civilian and own resources for maximum impact. Of note, they utilize Starlink for seamless connection from detection, decision-making to strike to maximize operational efficiency. As ROK faces security threat of weapons of mass destruction, Ukraine's military intelligence organization set-up, weapons system and operations can provide some guidance on how to leverage its various SOF as well.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.63-77
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• 2009

The decrease in the farming rates of agricultural produce importing countries has led to concerns over stable food supply and food safety and this situation demands a change in awareness on agricultural problems arising from the depletion of natural resources and environmental destruction. To preserve agriculture, importing countries are emphasizing the various roles of agriculture in order to revive its multi-functional aspects. It is obvious that differentiated strategies are needed to create values from agricultural production, and a liberal arts education can play an important role in making these strategies. However, training programs for future agricultural CEOs of the Korea National Agricultural College(KNAC) attaches too much importance on production skill and management rather than focusing on a liberal arts education. On the other hand, Poolmoo Ecological Agriculture Course carried out by Poolmoo Agriculture Technical High School located in Hongseong-Gun, Chungnam Province (which puts a high value on ecological fanning) gives more weight on a liberal arts education, taking up more than 50% of the curriculum. Also, the National Farmers Academy in Japan which reformed its whole system in 2008, has started various liberal arts educational programs. The Academy fosters creative agricultural management, attractive rural development enhancing a comfortable rural life and educates on the future of Japanese food and international environment. It is expected that the ecological and cultural roles of farming will grow in the future. So, what the KNAC needs is to increase its liberal arts educational programs and various cultural experiences in its educational curriculum to promote agricultural marketing with cultural knowledge and sensitivity.