• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.45 no.1 s.141
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• pp.33-38
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• 2007

To know the prevalence of heterophyid trematodes among inhabitants of a southern coastal village, i.e., Sacho-ri, Gangjin-gun, Jeollanam-do(Province), 82 stool samples were examined on helminth eggs and protozoan cysts using Kato-Katz and formalin-ether sedimentation techniques. Total 33 people(40.2%) were positive for trematodes(Heterophyes nocens; 15 people, Pygidiopsis summa; 3, Metagonimus sp.; 4, Clonorchis sinensis; 7, Gymnophalloides seoi; 6) and/or protozoa(Entamoeba coli; 3). Among intestinal trematode egg positive cases, 17 were treated with praziquantel and their whole diarrheic stools were collected after purgation. Adult flukes of H. nocens(number of specimens=1,294), P. summa(386), Stellantchasmus falcatus(5), Stictodora lari(4), and Heterophyopsis continua(1) were collected using a stereomicroscope. To know the source of human H. nocens infections in this village, metacercarial infections in mullets(10) were examined and most H. nocens metacercariae(101/105, 96.2%) were found in the trunk portion. From above results, the surveyed coastal village has been newly known as an endemic focus of human H. nocens infection and consuming raw mullets was the presumable source of human heterophyid infections.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.163-170
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• 1994

An epidemiological survey was performed to know the infection status of heterophyid fluke metacercariae in the brackish water fishes purchased from a local market in Haenam-gun, Chollanam-do, Korea from November to December, 1991. A total 20 out of 30 shads (Konosiw punctatus) examined were infected with the metacercariae of H. continua (average number of larvae per an infected fish: 2.71). Of 20 perches (Lateolabroxjoponicurs), 19 were Infected with the metacercariae of H. continua (average number per an infected fish: 17.21. Of 30 mullets (Mugil cepholus) examined, 11 were Infected with the metacercariae of H. nocens (average number per an Infected fish: 51.5), 10 mullets harboured 31 and 349 metacercariae of f summa and 5. lucatum respectively. Of 30 gobies (Acnnthogobin jlcvimonus) examined, 3 were infEcted with the metacercariae of H. nucens (average number per an Infected fish: 32.0), 8 with those of H. continua (average number per an infected flesh: 12.6) and 3 with those of 5. JuscntuwL From the above results, It has been confirmed that the brackish water Ash from Haenam-gun, Chollanam-do are infected with numerous metacercarlae of H. nocens, H. continua, P. summo and S. fuscatum.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.272-278
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• 2013

Accurate identification of fish and fish products, from eggs to adults, is important in many areas. Grey mullets of the family Mugilidae are distributed worldwide and inhabit marine, estuarine, and freshwater environments in all tropical and temperate regions. Various Mugilid species are commercially important species in fishery and aquaculture of many countries. For the present study we have chosen two Mugilid genes with different phylogenetic signals: relatively variable mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and conservative nuclear rhodopsin (RHO). We examined their diversity within and among 9 Mugilid species belonging to 4 genera, many of which have been examined from multiple specimens, with the goal of determining whether DNA barcoding can achieve unambiguous species recognition of Mugilid species. The data obtained showed that information based on COI sequences was diagnostic not only for species-level identification but also for recognition of intraspecific units, e.g., allopatric populations of circumtropical Mugil cephalus, or even native and acclimatized specimens of Chelon haematocheila. All RHO sequences appeared strictly species specific. Based on the data obtained, we conclude that COI, as well as RHO sequencing can be used to unambiguously identify fish species. Topologies of phylogeny based on RHO and COI sequences coincided with each other, while together they had a good phylogenetic signal.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 1988

Two adult specimens of heterophyid cuke, which belong to the genus Stictodora, were collected from the stool of a 24-year old man after chemotherapy. The nukes were morphologically characterized by their small body siRe (0.90~0.98mm long and 0.38 mm wide) and peculiar structure of ventrogenital sac with armed gonotyl (with about 12~I5 spines) not enveloping genital pore. Species identification is deferred until more worms are obtained, although they closely resemble Stictadora fuscatum (Onji and Nishio, 1916). The Patient used to eat raw flesh of mullets and gobies, which are regarded as the infection source of Stictodora sp., together with 3 other kinds of heterophyids described elsewhere. This is the first record of human Stictodora infection in the literature.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.303-307
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• 2010

Stellantchasmus falcatus is a minute intestinal fluke in the family Heterophyidae. Metacercariae, the infective stage, were reported in a marine fish, mullet Liza subviridis, and a fresh water fish, Dermopgenus pusillus, in Thailand. Adults were found in chicks, rats, cats, and humans. Morphological studies were done for comparing Stellantchasmus sp. worms found in 2 different fish hosts; their shapes and organ arrangements were very similar except for the prepharynx length. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare their DNA fingerprints using the HAT-RAPD method for both types of Stellantchasmus and several other related species. Ten arbitrarily selected primers (OPA-04, OPA-09, OPN-02, OPN-03, OPN-09, OPN-12, OPP-11, OPR-15, OPX-13, and OPAD-01) were used. It was found that OPA-09, OPN-03, and OPAD-01 were able to generate S. falcatus specific fragments in mullets which consisted of 200, 760, and 280 bp, respectively. In addition, the results of morphologic, DNA fingerprinting, and phylogenetic analyses strongly suggest that the fresh water and marine specimens of Stellantchamus may be different species.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.250-259
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• 1998

This study was carried out to reveal the taxonomic status of the two mullets, Chelon affinis and Chelon haematocheilus from Korea by comparison of their morphological characteristics. Chelan affinis, occurred in the southern coastal area, is a distinct species characterized by having a keel on the middorsal line in front of the spinous dorsal fin. However, Chelon haematocheilus, found in the all coastal areas of Korea excluding Cheju island is easily distinguished from the former in having the deep flat head. By comparison of five groups of Chelan haematocheilus, Kunsan group is slightly differed from others in the height of anal fin and caudal peduncle length. Although Chelon affinis is similar with Chelan haematocheilus in the view of meristic characters, they are distinguished from each other in the number of pyloric caeca and lateral line scales.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.133-141
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• 2015

Age and growth of redlip mullet, Chelon haematocheilus were determined using samples collected in Han River estuary of Korea from June, 2013 to May, 2014. Age was determined from sagital otoliths and Annul marks were formed in January once a year. In addition, spawning season was estimated in May, thus first ring was formed 8 months. The mullets were principally composed of 0 to 3 years old and the oldest was 9 years old. Relationship between standard length (SL) and total weight (TW) were $TW=0.0124SL^{3.0133}$($r^2=0.9931$). The Von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated were $L_{\infty}$ 61.3, $W_{\infty}$ 3,230.6, K 0.29/year, $t_0$ - 0.05 year.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.107-112
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• 2002

A scanning electron microscopic study was performed on the surface ultrastructure of Pygidiopsis summa (Digenea: Heterophyidae) adults. Metacercariae were collected from gills and muscles of mullets (Mugil cephalus) caught in a known endemic area, and adult flukes were harvested from dogs after 8 weeks of experimental infection. The worm was calabash form with its posterior part broader than the anterior part. Tegumental spines were densely distributed over the body surface, except on the suckers and genital apparatus, and around the excretory pore. Well differentiated spines were observed on the anterior half of the body, with 14-16 tips ventrally, and 19-20 tips dorsally. On the oral sucker. three pairs of type I sensory papillae (uni-ciliated knob-like swellings) and one pair of type II sensory papillae (aciliated round-swellings) were observed on the anterior and posterior parts of the lip, respectively. On the lip of the ventral sucker, one pair of type II sensory papillae was distributed only on its posterior part. Sperms were seen emerging from or entering into the genital apparatus. The results showed that the surface ultrastructure of P. summa was unique among the heterophyid trematodes, especially in digitation of tegumental spines and in distribution of sensory papillae on oral and ventral suckers.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.631-641
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• 2017

A survey was performed to investigate the infection status of zoonotic trematode (ZT) metacercariae in fish from a local market in Yangon City, Myanmar. A total of 264 fish (12 species) were collected through 4 times from December 2013 to June 2015. All collected fish were transferred to our laboratory on ice and examined by the artificial digestion method. More than 7 species of ZT metacercariae, i.e., Haplorchis taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, Centrocestus spp., Stellantchasmus falcatus, Pygidiopsis cambodiensis, and Procerovum sp. were detected. Metacercariae of H. taichui were collected in 58 (42.3%) out of 137 fish (5 species), and their average density was 42.9 per fish infected. Metacercariae of H. pumilio were detected in 96 (49.0%) out of 196 fish (9 species), and their average density was 23.6 per fish infected. H. yokogawai metacercariae were found in 40 (50.0%) out of 80 fish (5 species), and Centrocestus spp. metacercariae in 91 (50.8%) out of 179 fish (8 species), and their densities were 306 and 25.8 per fish infected, respectively. Metacercariae of S. falcatus and P. cambodiensis were detected only in mullets, Chelon macrolepis. A total of 280 Procerovum sp. metacercariae were found in 6 out of 12 climbing perch, Anabas testudineus. Morphological characteristics of adult flukes recovered from experimental animals were described. It has been first confirmed that fish from Yangon, Myanmar are commonly infected with various species of ZT metacercariae.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 1984

Two cases of human infection by Stellantchasmus falcatus (Heterophyidae) were identified by collection of adult worms during the treatment of some tapeworm infections in Korea. The cases were 24 (Case 1) and 55-year old (Case 2) males residing in Seoul. The Case 1 had gastrointestinal troubles such as diarrhea and abdominal pain, and heart problems such as palpitation and arrhythmia, revealing the eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum in the feces. The Case 2 complained indigestion and discharge of tapeworm (Taenia saginata) segments. Praziquantel at the dose of 15-20mg/kg body weight and 30 g magnesium salt were given to them for treatment of the tapeworm infections and the discharged strobilae were identified. However, concommitantly with the tapeworms, 188 and 5 specimens of S. falcatus were collected from Case 1 and Case 2 respectively through stereomicroscopy of the diarrheal stools. The Case 1 was infected also with 3 other kinds of heterophyid flukes. They said to have eaten raw brackish water fish such as mullets which are considered to be the source of heterophyid fluke infections.