• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.186-190
• /
• 2007

We examined the genetic variability of Asian chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) populations using nuclear microsatellite (ms) DNA analysis with four polymorphic loci (OKM4, OKM5, OKM7, and OKM8) in 397 individuals from nine populations, including one in Korea, seven in Japan, and one in Russia. The msDNA gene diversity was highest in the Japanese populations, suggesting greater genetic variation in the populations in Japan than in populations in Korea and Russia. The pairwise $F_{ST}$ estimates based on our msDNA data showed that the Korean population was genetically different from the Japanese and Russian populations, and there were higher $F_{ST}$ estimates between Hokkaido and Honshu populations than between other population pairs. A neighbor-joining tree showed that the Korean population was distinct from two other clusters, representing the populations in Honshu and the populations in Hokkaido and Russia. These results suggest that the observed population genetic patterns of Asian chum salmon might be influenced by low or restricted gene flow.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.737-750
• /
• 2015

국내에서 시판되고 있는 수박 102 품종에 대한 DNA 프로 파일 데이터베이스를 구축하기 위하여 genomic microsatellite(gMS)와 expressed sequence tag(EST) microsatellite(eMS) 마커의 다형성 정도의 비교와 유전적 연관성 분석을 통한 품종식별력 검정 등에 대한 일련의 연구를 수행하였다. 수박 gMS 마커를 이용하여 국내에서 시판되고 있는 수박 102 품종을 검정하였을 때 마커당 3.63개의 평균 대립유전자가 검출되었으며, 평균 PIC 값은 0.479로 나타났다. 이에 반해 eMS 마커는 평균 대립유전자의 수가 2.50개, PIC 값이 0.425로 나타나 gMS 마커보다 다형성 정도가 낮게 나타났다. gMS와 eMS 및 이들 두 종류의 마커를 병합하여 작성된 계통도는 microsatellite 마커의 다형성에 따라 수박 102개 품종을 6-8개의 그룹으로 구분하였고 대부분의 품종의 식별이 가능하였다. 3가지 마커 유형에 따라 작성된 계통도를 Mantel test에 의해 상관 정도를 분석하였을 때 높은 상관($r{\geq}0.80$)을 나타내었다. 따라서 본 연구에 활용된 microsatellite 마커는 수박 유전자원의 특성평가, 순도검정 및 품종의 지문화 작업의 수단으로 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.245-252
• /
• 2008

The genetic status of somatic embryo-derived plantlets of Cymbopogon flexuosus was examined by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Auxins such as 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) (1-4 mg/l) were used in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium for induction of calli from rhizomatous explants of Cymbopogon flexuosus. Optimum calli were induced on MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) (3.5 mg/l) alone or in combination with $N^6-benzyladenine$ (2 mg/l). Somatic embryogenesis was achieved from long term calli when cultured on MS medium containing 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) (2 mg/l) along with $N^6-benzyladenine$ (BA) (1-2 mg/l). Regeneration was achieved when freshly induced embryogenic calli were sub-cultured on MS medium supplemented with $N^6-benzyladenine$ (3 mg/l) alone. Long-term cultured embryos showed profuse minute rooting on regeneration medium supplemented with N6 -benzyladenine (3 mg/l). Microshoots were rooted in the presence of indole-butyric acid (IBA) (2 mg/l). DNA samples from the mother plant and 18 randomly selected regenerated plants from a single callus were subjected to RAPD analysis with 6 arbitrary decamer primers for the selection of putative somaclones. A total of 64 band positions were scored, out of which 19 RAPD bands were polymorphic. From genetic similarity coefficient based on RAPD band data sharing, it was found that the majority of the clones were almost identical or more than 92% similar to the mother plant, except CL2 and CL9 (66%) which showed highest degree of genetic change with CL2 and CL9 showing presence of two non-parental bands each.

• 한국패류학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.269-274
• /
• 2012

우리나라 피조개 집단의 유전적 다양성을 분석하기 위해 남해안 5개 지역의 피조개 443마리를 수집하여 6개의 다형성이 높은 microsatellite 마커를 이용하여 분석하였다. 5개 집단의 유전자좌당 대립유전자는 10-28개의 범위였으며, 각 지역별 microsatellite 마커의 평균 대립유전자 수는 JHH (진해 양식집단) 이 15.5로 가장 적었고, GJ (강진 자연집단) 이 20.3으로 가장 많았다. 평균 기대 이형접합률은 SR (사량자연집단) 이 0.817로 가장 낮았고, GJ (강진자연집단)이 0.831로 가장 높았으며 JHH (진해양식집단) 은 0.822로 자연집단에 비교해 의미적인 차이는 없었다. 집단 간 $F_{ST}$ 값은 GJ (강진 자연집단) 이 다른 집단과 분화적 차이를 보여 다른 집단과 유전적으로 차이를 나타내었다. JH (진해 자연집단), SR (사량 자연집단) 및 JHH (진해 양식집단) 사이의 $F_{ST}$ 값은 매우 낮게 나타나 집단 간 유전자 교류 (gene flow)가 일어났음을 암시하고 있다. 특히 JH (진해자연집단) 과 SR (사량 자연집단) 은 $F_{ST}$ 값이 0.0001로 가장 낮았으며 집단 간 유전적 거리 (0.0386) 도 가장 가까웠고 집단 간 유전적 유연관계도 가장 가까운 것으로 나타나 유전적으로 같은 집단이라고 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.157-163
• /
• 2004

An efficient system for the regeneration of adventitious shoots from in vitro cultured leaf sections of Lycium chinense Miller was developed and silent somaclones from the regenerants detected with RAPD method. Among the eight media tested (B5, SH, N&N, 1/2MS, MS, 3/2MS, GD and WPM), and four cytokinins (BA, kinetin, 2ip and zeatin) with different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 $\mu{M}$), 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 20 and 30 $\mu{M}$ zeatin showed the best regeneration frequency (100% and 93.7%) and higher average number of shoots (9.0 and 9.4). All regenerants easily elongated after subculturing on 1/4MS without growth stimulants and produced spontaneous adventitious roots from their basal parts. With phenotypically normal 40 regenerants, RAPD analysis with 15 different random primers was performed to examine the cryptic somaclonal variants. No substantial differences in banding patterns were found in the amplified polymorphic DNAs implying no DNA changes during dedifferentiation into adventitious shoots. However, one (OPF-4) of the 15 primers detected silent somaclonal variation in one regenerant in which two different polymorphic bands did not appear when compared with the rest regenerants. The results indicate that regenerantion via intervening callus phase can be used to establish true-to-type planting stocks for homogeneous population.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제45권6호
• /
• pp.933-938
• /
• 2003

본 연구는 한우 mt DNA D-loop 영역의 염기변이 다형성과 경제형질간의 관련성을 분석하기 위하여 수행하였다. 한우의 mtDNA D-loop 영역에서 단일염기의 치환 의해 총 25개의 polymorphic site가 확인되었다. 그중 주요 Polymorphic site의 염기변이 빈도는 169, 16042, 16093, 16119, 16255 및 16302번째 위치에서 0.891, 0.117, 0.109, 0.182, 0.197 및 0.117로 검출되었다. 169 및 16119번째 위치에서의 염기치환에 의한 MS의 효과는 -1.08(p〈0.05), 1.29(p〈0.01)로 나타났으며, 169 및 16042번째 위치에서의 염기치환에 의한 BF의 효과는 -0.31(p〈0.01)과 0.34(p〈0.01)로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 검출한 한우 mtDNA내 D-loop 영역의 염기서열 변이 빈도 등은 한우집단의 유전적 변이성 추정과 좀 더 다양한 경제형질과의 관련성 분석은 물론 모계유전 양상 분석을 통한 한우의 형성과정과 타 품종과의 계통분류적 상호 관계 등의 분석에 유용하게 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.127-131
• /
• 2007

The properties of two cultivars of japonica rice, Odae (early ripening variety) and Ilpum (late ripening variety), were compared. They grew on MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium but the growth of both cultivars was strongly retarded by 50 mM or more salt. There was no clear difference between the growths of seedlings of the two cultivars for the first 24 h after germination. The amylopectin chain-length profiles of the two cultivars did not differ significantly, and amylopectin content was estimated at $16.0{\pm}0.4%$ in cv. Odae and $16.4{\pm}0.4%$ in cv. Ilpum. A total of 114 RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) fragments ranging from 0.4 to 2.5 kb were isolated from the two cultivars, 61 from cv. Odae and 53 from cv. Ilpum, indicating that there is little genetic variation between them.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제33권12호
• /
• pp.1896-1904
• /
• 2020

Objective: Estimating the genetic diversity and structures, both within and among chicken breeds, is critical for the identification and conservation of valuable genetic resources. In chickens, microsatellite (MS) marker polymorphisms have previously been widely used to evaluate these distinctions. Our objective was to analyze the genetic diversity and relationships among 22 chicken breeds in Asia based on allelic frequencies. Methods: We used 469 genomic DNA samples from 22 chicken breeds from eight Asian countries (South Korea, KNG, KNB, KNR, KNW, KNY, KNO; Laos, LYO, LCH, LBB, LOU; Indonesia, INK, INS, ING; Vietnam, VTN, VNH; Mongolia, MGN; Kyrgyzstan, KGPS; Nepal, NPS; Sri Lanka, SBC) and three imported breeds (RIR, Rhode Island Red; WLG, White Leghorn; CON, Cornish). Their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships were analyzed using 20 MS markers. Results: In total, 193 alleles were observed across all 20 MS markers, and the number of alleles ranged from 3 (MCW0103) to 20 (LEI0192) with a mean of 9.7 overall. The NPS breed had the highest expected heterozygosity (H_exp, 0.718±0.027) and polymorphism information content (PIC, 0.663±0.030). Additionally, the observed heterozygosity (H_obs) was highest in LCH (0.690±0.039), whereas WLG showed the lowest H_exp (0.372±0.055), H_obs (0.384±0.019), and PIC (0.325±0.049). Nei's DA genetic distance was the closest between VTN and VNH (0.086), and farthest between KNG and MGN (0.503). Principal coordinate analysis showed similar results to the phylogenetic analysis, and three axes explained 56.2% of the variance (axis 1, 19.17%; 2, 18.92%; 3, 18.11%). STRUCTURE analysis revealed that the 22 chicken breeds should be divided into 20 clusters, based on the highest ΔK value (46.92). Conclusion: This study provides a basis for future genetic variation studies and the development of conservation strategies for 22 chicken breeds in Asia.

• 식물조직배양학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.121-126
• /
• 1995

현사시나무 4배체의 약배양에 의하여 2배체 식물을 얻을 수 있었다. 약배양에 의한 캘러스 유도에는 2,4-D가 효과적 인 것으로 나타났다. 증식된 캘러스로부터 식물체 재분화를 위해서는 16시간의 광조건하에 6-8 $\mu$M의 zeatin 처리가 가장 좋은 반응을 보였는데 이때 얻어진 줄기수는 평균 7.7개 였다. 재분화된 식물체는 MS 기본배지에서 쉽게 뿌리를 유기시킬 수 있었으며, 이들 식물체는 폿트묘로 육성하여 온실 및 포지로 이식하였다. 약배양유래의 300클론에 대한 생육상태를 조사한 결과 삽목묘에 비하여 33%는 생장이 저해됨을, 47%는 생장이 더 좋은 것으로 나타났으며, 그중 20%는 삽목묘에 비해 직경이 5배 이상되는 거대 엽을 가지고 있었다. 염색체 수는 대체로 2배체성 혹은 4배성을 띠고 있었으며, RAPD marker를 이용하여 DNA polymorphism을 본 결과 약배양 유래의 몇몇 식물체에 있어 서 밴드 형태적인 차이를 나타내는 개체를 발견할 수 있었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권8호
• /
• pp.4177-4181
• /
• 2012

Cancer is a multi-factorial disease and variation in genetic susceptibility, due to inherited differences in the capacity to repair mismatches in the genome, is an important factor in the development of gastric cancer (GC), for example. Epigenetic changes, including aberrant methylation of 5/CpG islands in the promoter regions of mismatch repair (MMR) genes like hMLH1, have been implicated in the development of various types of GC. In the present study we evaluated the role of hMLH1 promoter hypermethylation in Kashmiri GC patients and controls, and assessed correlations with various dietary and lifestyle factors. The study included 70 GC patients (56 males and 14 females; age ($mean{\pm}S.D$) $50{\pm}11.4$ years). Distinction between methylated and unmethylated was achieved with MS-PCR and DNA band patterns. The Chi-square test was applied to assess the risk due to promoter hypermethylation. We found a strikingly high frequency of promoter hypermethylation in GC cases than in normal samples (72.9% (51/70) in GC cases vs 20% (14/70) in normal samples (p=0.0001).We also observed a statistically significant association between methylated hMLH1 gene promoter and smoking, consumption of sundried vegetables and hot salted tea with the risk of GC. This study revealed that hMLH1 hypermethylation is strongly associated with GC and suggested roles for epigenetic changes in stomach cancer causation in the Kashmir valley.