• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2021

This is a descriptive investigative study which attempts to confirm the mediating effect of learning motivation in the relationship between self-directed learning, learning commitment, and learning persistence intention of university students in an online learning environment. The questionnaires were randomly distributed online and the agreed questionnaires were retrieved, with a total of 338 copies used for analysis. The following is the summary of the findings. First, there were significant differences in learning persistence intention according to general characteristics depending on age, major, part-time job, and academic level. Second, the results showed a positive correlation between self-directed learning, learning commitment, learning motivation, and learning persistence intentions of the subjects were statistically significant. Third, after checking the mediating effect of learning motivation in relation to self-directed learning, learning commitment and learning motivation, the learning motivation has a partial mediating effect on learning and 23% explanatory power, and the learning commitment was found to have a complete mediating effect on the impact of learning motivation on learning intentions with 21% explanatory power. Based on these results, it is necessary to provide a more diverse educational environment, such as operating a motivation semester program that can improve learning motivations along with learning commitment, and the use of a variety of contents that can focus the learner's interest or attention.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychosocial factors, such as self-esteem, stress coping, and social support, and motivation for change in alcohol dependent inpatients. This study included 179 inpatients in the 7clinics for alcoholic in Chonbuk. For the analysis of the study questions, this study utilized the structural equation modeling. The results show that self-esteem was related to motivation for change with mediating role of problem-focused stress coping strategy in alcohol dependent inpatients. The study also reveal that self-esteem and social support was directly associated with the motivation for change. Based on the findings, the importance of programs to promote self-esteem and the involvement of family and acquaintances in the treatment process has been suggested.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2024

본 연구는 중국 고등학생을 대상으로 학습동기와 그릿이 정서지능과 학습몰입의 관계에서 이중매개하는지를 확인하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 자료는 중국의 한 고등학교에서 유의표집한 고등학생 304명을 대상으로 설문조사를 통하여 수집하였다. 수집한 자료는 SPSS PC+ Win ver. 25.0과 SPSS PROCESS macro ver. 4.2를 활용하여 분석하였다. 적용된 통계방법은 빈도분석, 신뢰도 분석, 상관분석 및 이중매개효과 분석이었다. 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정서지능, 학습동기, 그릿 및 학습몰입은 모두 정적인 유의미한 상관관계를 보였다. 둘째, 고등학생들의 학습동기와 그릿이 정서지능과 학습몰입의 관계에서 이중매개하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구는 고등학생들의 정서지능만이 아니라 학습동기와 그릿을 활용하여 학업몰입을 증진키실 수 있는 방안을 제언하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1227-1232
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• 2014

Background: Given that there are many Iranian women who have never had a Pap smear, this study was designed to develop and validate a measurement tool based on the Protection Motivation Theory to assess factors influencing the Iranian women's intention to perform first Pap testing. Materials and Methods: In this psychometric research, to determine the Content Validity Index (CVI) and the Content Validity Ratio (CVR), a panel of experts (n=10) reviewed scale items. Reliability was estimated through the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (n=30) and internal consistency (n=240). Also, factor analysis (exploratory and conformity) was performed on the data of the sample women who had never had a Pap smear test (n=240). Results: A 26-item questionnaire was developed. The CVI and CVR scores of the scale were 0.89 and 0.90, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis loaded a 26-item with seven factors questionnaire (perceived vulnerability and severity, fear, response costs, response efficacy, self-efficacy, and protection motivation (or intention)) that jointly accounted for 72.76% of the observed variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the data. Internal consistency (range 0.70-0.93) and test-retest reliability (range 0.72-0.96) of sub-scales were acceptable. Conclusions: This study showed that the designed instrument was a valid and reliable tool for measuring the factors influencing the women's intention to perform their first Pap testing.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2018

Purpose - This study examined the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on employee creativity. Past research has consistently shown that intrinsic motivation is positively related to creativity. Yet conflicting results have been reported about the relationship between extrinsic motivation and creativity. To explore the reason why extrinsic motivation can either help or hurt creativity, we examined the role of contingent rewards as a moderator and tested whether either tangible or intangible rewards contingent upon creative performance significantly impact the relationship between extrinsic motivation and creativity. Research design, data, and methodology - Survey data was collected from employees working for diverse organizations in Korea through online research firm. Only employees who reported their job or organization provided opportunities to use their creativity were allowed to continue the survey. Out of 305 initial responses collected, those with too much missing data were deleted, which finally left 278 responses for statistical analyses. To examine the validity of the measurements, confirmatory factor analysis was first conducted. Next, to test the hypothesized relationships, multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted. Results - As hypothesized, both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation had positive effects on creativity. It was shown that contingent rewards did not influence the positive relationship between intrinsic motivation and creativity, but did significantly moderate the relationship between extrinsic motivation and creativity in a way that tangible rewards strengthened the relationship while intangible rewards mitigated the same relationship. Conclusions - This research enhances our understanding on the relationship between motivation type, rewards, and creativity. Intrinsically motivated employees showed a high level of creativity regardless of whether rewards were expected or not. In contrast, extrinsically motivated employees showed more or less creative behavior depending on whether they were expected to have tangible or intangible rewards. As extrinsic motivation is typically associated with tangible rewards such as pay, promotion, etc., tangible rewards were seen to be more effective in promoting creative performance from extrinsically motivated employees than intangible rewards. Our findings make a significant theoretical contribution to reconcile prior inconsistent findings. Furthermore, they provide useful insights for managers and organizations into developing effective strategies for facilitating employee creativity.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2006

Although motivation and information search have both been studied continuously and separately as important marketing strategies, the relation between cause and effect has received little research attention. Therefore the objective of this study was to research the causal relationships between motivation and information search method. Frequency analysis and reliability analysis, factor analysis, and SEM(Structure Equation Model) were adopted to analyze the data. Motivation was divided into 5 factors which significantly influenced information search method. Factor 1, 'Reception and congratulation', influenced information search positively through 'newspaper, magazine', and 'word of mouth' but negatively through 'TV-advertising' and 'Flyer, Press copy'. Factor 2, 'Change of dietary life', influenced positively 'TV-advertising'. Factor 3, 'Economic saving', influenced positively 'newspaper, magazine', and 'the e-mail's advertising' Factor 4, 'Preference motivation', influenced negatively 'word of mouth' Factor 5, 'Advertisement and companion's need', influenced positively 'newspaper, magazine', and 'the e-mail's advertising' but negatively 'TV-advertising' As a result, customers appeared to choose various information search methods according to their eating-out motivation. 'The e-mail's advertising', and 'word of mouth' are popular among customers' information search methods. Therefore, food-service corporations need to try eliminating negative images of various advertisements and activate positive word of mouth marketing, promotion through internet.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.603-611
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• 2020

Higher education has long been considered as a means of human resource development in a nation. The faculty member plays a significant role in improving the quality of higher education. It is clear that job satisfaction and motivation have effect on the faculty member's performance. The objective of this study is to investigate the levels and factors affecting lecturers' motivation in Vietnamese public universities. In this study, ordinary least squares (OLS) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) have been utilized to identify the factors affecting work motivation of lecturers at Vietnamese universities. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 189 lecturers at different public universities in Vietnam. The finding indicates that seven factors including Work characteristics (WC), Wage and welfare (WW), Social recognition (SR), Peer relationships (PR), Training and promotion opportunities (PO), Leader caring (LC) and Teacher-student interaction and student's attitude (IA) have positive effect on lecturers' work motivation. Among these factors, Teacher-student interaction and student's attitude (IA) has the strongest impact with the coefficient of 0.631 and Peer relationships (PR) has the least impact on work motivation with the coefficient of 0.020. The study findings can facilitate the understanding of how to increase work satisfaction at the universities in Vietnam.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.99-116
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• 2013

This study examines whether product promotions are influenced by the market standing of promoted products, using social comparison theory (upward versus downward comparisons). It is hypothesized that people in possession of a product that is inferior to the one on promotion express less discomfort about the promotion and use the information more than do people in possession of a superior product. People in possession of an inferior product may also exhibit more positive attitudes toward the product on promotion, but may show poorer attitudes toward their own possessed product than do people with a superior product. This is because people in an inferior socioeconomic position show a strong motivation to improve themselves through upward social comparison, whereas people in a superior socioeconomic position maintain a strong sense of superiority in downward social comparison, which suggests strong endowment effects. The findings mainly support the hypotheses, and suggest that sales promotions are more effective for people who currently own an inferior product, but not for people with a superior product, who have a strong motivation to maintain their sense of superiority. The findings also imply that, in order to attract consumers in the superior market, managers for inferior products need to turn to methods other than sales promotions, which may include introducing a new brand or sub-brand, or emphasizing luxury and modern features. In contrast, managers for superior products may emphasize product functions and attributes of superior products in their promotions, as people with inferior products may consider such information as benefits of the superior products.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.254-259
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• 2021

Time management skills are essential for Occupation Therapy students' success, and development of clinical competence. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between time management skills and anxiety and academic motivation of nursing students. This study was carried out on 95 Occupation Therapy students. Data were collected using demographic Questionnaire, Time Management Questionnaire (TMQ), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Academic Motivation Scale (AMS), which was completed t by self-report. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software with descriptive and analytical statistics such as ANOVA, independent t-test, Regression and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results also showed a statistically significant negative correlation between the students' TMQ scores and the state anxiety (r= -0.282, p< 0.005) and trait anxiety scores (r= -0.325, p<0.005). Moreover, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the students' TMQ scores and AMS scores (r= 0.279, p< 0.005). Regarding the findings, it seems that it is necessary to plan for improving time management skills in order to enhance academic motivation and reduce anxiety rates among Occupation Therapy students.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.190-195
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• 2024

This study aimed to investigate types of emotional experiences that college students undergo, particularly those affecting learning motivation and academic performance. To this end, six college students residing in Seoul, South Korea participated in a series of 'focus-group interview (FGI)' sessions in which in-depths discussions took place. The researcher attempted to draw the participant students' opinions and ideas as they made interactions with each other. Three participants were placed in each of two groups, and each group had approximately 90-minutes-long sessions. The results showed that positive emotions, such as joy and enthusiasm, can increase learning motivation and academic achievement, while negative emotions such as anxiety and stress can hinder them. The findings also highlight that students actively employ coping strategies to manage negative emotions. Moreover, the study underscores students' desire for improved emotional support from instructors, indicating a gap between their expectations and the actual emotional care provided in educational settings. Relevant issues are discussed for future suggestions.