• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of preschooler obesity/overweight and to identify associated factors. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. Data for 591 preschoolers, 432 fathers and 538 mothers from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014 were included. Obesity/overweight was defined by 2007 Korean National Growth Charts. T-test, Rao-Scott ${\chi}^2$, multivariate logistic regression was used for the analysis. Results: Prevalence rates for preschooler obesity/overweight were 14.9% (obesity, 5.4%; overweight, 9.5%). The preschoolers with atopic dermatitis or allergic rhinitis or asthma (OR=2.78, 95% CI [1.27-6.09], p=.011) and eating more thiamine per day (OR=1.01, 95% CI [1.00-1.02], p=.001) showed higher obesity/overweight development. The only parental factor affecting preschooler obesity/overweight was parental body mass index (father, OR=1.18, 95% CI [1.09-1.28], p<.001; mother, OR=1.09, 95% CI [1.04-1.15], p<.001). Conclusion: Interventions on preventing preschooler obesity should be introduced much earlier for children with risk factors. Results from this study can be used as preliminary data to develop effective strategies to prevent obesity in Korean preschoolers.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.389-400
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• 2014

This study identified the mediating effect of the child's emotional expression on the relationship between the mother's empathy and the child's prosocial behavior. The participants included 310 mothers of children between the ages of 2 and 5 from two kindergartens and four day care centers located in Gyeonggi-do. The mother's empathy was measured using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. The child's prosocial behavior was measured using the Preschoolers' Prosocial Behavior Index. The child's emotional expression was assessed using a questionnaire from previous research. First, older mothers and less educated mothers showed a higher level of empathy. Mothers over the age of 30 were more likely to have the ability to imagine other roles in movies or books, and to show empathic concern than those under 36. Mothers without a college degree showed a higher level of perspective-taking than those with a college degree. Second, girls were more likely to engage in prosocial behaviors and show emotional expressions than boys. Three-year-old children were more likely to share than two-year-old children, showed more initiative than two- and four-year-old children. Third, the mother's perspective-taking and empathic concern were significantly related to the child's prosocial behavior and emotional expression. The mother's personal distress was related to the child's control over emotions and awareness of other's emotion. Finally, the child's emotional expression had a mediating effect on the relationship between the mother's empathy and the child's prosocial behavior.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.109-129
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• 2015

본 연구는 어머니의 스마트폰 중독이 양육효능감과 양육태도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 경기도 S시에 거주하는 미취한 자녀를 둔 어머니 203명을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 연구도구는 스마트폰 중독척도(한국정보문화진흥원, 2011), 양육효능감척도(최형성 정옥분, 2001), 양육태도척도(배문주, 2005)를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 피어슨 상관분석, T검정, 위계적 회귀분석을 통해 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 어머니의 연령이 낮을수록 스마트폰 중독이 높게 나타났다. 스마트폰 중독의 하위영역이 양육효능감에 미치는 영향의 결과는 일상생활장애가 전반적인 양육효능감, 건강하게 양육하는 능력, 의사소통능력, 학습지도능력에 부적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 스마트폰 중독의 하위영역이 양육태도에 미치는 영향의 결과를 살펴보면 일상생활장애는 거부적 태도에 정적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 가상세계지향성은 애정적 태도와 자율적 태도에 부적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 부모의 올바른 스마트폰 사용을 강조하며 긍정적인 양육효능감과 양육태도를 향상시킬 수 있는 프로그램 개발 및 활성화에 유용한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the variables that influence paternal parenting behavior. 160 fathers of five-year old preschoolers(85 boys and 75 girls) were recruited from 8 daycare centers located in Seoul, Korea and answered the questionnaire on the subject of attachment experience with their parents of origin based on their retrospective memories, marital satisfaction, spouse's gatekeeping, and their own parenting behavior as fathers cohabiting with their children. Data were analyzed through frequencies, an independent sample t-test, Pearson's correlations, the stepwise regression analyses using SPSS 15.0. The findings are as follows. First, there was no statistically significant difference in paternal parenting behavior according to children's gender. Second, marital satisfaction and attachment experience with their own mothers in childhood influenced all five subcategories of paternal parenting behavior(parental involvement, limit setting, responsiveness, reasoning guidance, intimacy) and spouse's gatekeeping influenced father's reasoning guidance and intimacy. Unexpectedly, attachment experience with their own father had no impact on any subcategories of paternal parenting behavior.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.409-420
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of mother-child interaction and child's social behaviors on child's peer acceptance. Participants were 108 4- to 5-year-old preschoolers(58 boys, 50 girls) and their mothers. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The major findings are summarized as follows: (1) mother-child interaction are generally correlated with child's peer acceptance. And child's prosocial behavior was positively correlated with child's peer acceptance, whereas child's aggressive behavior, asocial behavior and hyperactive-distractible behavior were negatively correlated with child's peer acceptance. (2) The most influential factor on child's peer acceptance was child's experience in session, the next influential factor was child's hyperactive-distractible behavior and the last influential factor was asocial behavior.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.93-103
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• 2009

This study analyzed variables associated with peer competence of negelcted children. Participants were made up of 180 preschoolers and their mothers. Neglected children's peer competence was measured by the Peer Competence Scale(Park & Rhee, 2001) and data were subjected to descriptive analysis, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results showed that neglected children's peer competence was partly associated with the child's temperament and emotional regulation, parenting styles and involvement strategy, and teacher-child relationship. In particular, closeness in teacher-child relationship was the strongest predictor for both children's peer competence in leadership and sociability. Furthermore, a child's ability to regulate emotion was the strongest predictor of their peer competence in prosocial environments.

• 아동학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.52-67
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• 1991

The purpose of the present study was to investigate children's interpersonal problem solving strategies. Specifically, the number and categories of interpersonal problem solving strategies were examined by age, sex, and source of problem (friends or mother). The subjects were eighty 4,-and 6-year-old boys and girls. The instrument was based on Shure and Spivack's (1974) Preschool Interpersonal Problem Solving (PIPS) test. The test was administered to the children individually in the preschool setting. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, frequency, percentage, and Kendall's Tau. The results showed that the older children had higher PIPS scores; that is, the 6-year-olds suggested more alternative problem solving strategies than 4-year-olds. Children suggested more alternate strategies and different strategies for solving problems with friends compared to solving problems with mothers.

• 아동학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.19-32
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• 1999

This study analyzed the relation of children's attachment security and mother-child interaction to children's peer interactions. The subjects were 51 preschoolers, 44 to 57 months of age and their mothers. Attachment was assessed using the Attachment Q-set (Waters, 1987), mother-child interactions at home were observed with the use of the Teaching Strategies Rating Scales (Erickson, Sroufe, Egeland, 1985), and peer interactions were observed during free play time, using the Holloway and Erickson(1988) categories. Pearson correlation and multiple regression showed that attachment security scores were negatively related to dependency toward peers. Mother's "structure and limit setting" and "respect for child's autonomy" were positively related to "helping with peers" and negatively to "asking for help" and "physical attack". The variables accounting for dependency toward peers were mother's hostility and attachment security.

• 아동학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.247-247
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• 2005

The attachment representation of 40 36- to 52-month-old upper-middle class children was analyzed in relation to their attachment security and mother-child interaction behaviors. Instruments were the Attachment Story Completion Task(Bretherton, Ridgeway, & Cassidy, 1990), the Attachment Q-set, and the Vocabulary test of the K-WIPPSI. Mother-child interaction behaviors were observed at home during semi-structured problem-solving situations. The Attachment Story Completion Task classified Korean preshoolers from these upper-middle class families as securely attached to their mothers. Girls' representation of their attachment relationship was more secure than boys. Preschoolers' attachment representation was significantly related to vocabulary ability. Attachment security correlated positively with preschool children's attachment representation. Mother-child interaction behaviors related significantly to preschool children's attachment representation.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.412-420
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• 2021

This study aimed to assess the association between the weight status and dietary behavior of preschool children. The survey included 412 preschool children aged 2-5 years in 31 childcare facilities in Gwangju. General characteristics of children and their mothers, weight, height, feeding type, complementary feeding, food allergy, and dietary behavior of children based on the Nutrition Quotient for preschoolers (NQ-P) questionnaire were considered. Children were classified into 4 groups by weight status; underweight, normal, overweight, and obese, based on the 2017 Korean National Growth Charts. The percentage of children in the respective groups was 5.3, 70.9, 10.7, 13.1%. Weight status was not related to breast feeding duration nor the starting time of complementary feeding. The NQ-P scores of underweight, normal, overweight, and obese groups were 55.4, 60.0, 60.8, 60.0. Among the three factors covered by the NQ-P, 'balance' and 'environment' scores of the underweight group were lower than that of other groups. Underweight children consumed beans, fish, and white milk less frequently. The 'moderation' scores of the overweight/obese group were lower than those of the normal or obese groups. Obese children more frequently ate processed meat and fast foods. Proper nutrition education is thus needed for not only obese children but also underweight children based on their age, along with their parents, and caregivers.