• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.51-58
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• 2010

This study was done to recommend a method for conserving the habitat of Amblyotropis verna grown naturally in campus of the Kyungpook National University at Daegu city. Vegetation characteristics and morphological characteristics of each individual were analyzed for the condition of the population at the growing season from May to June in 2010. Totally 11 vegetation data were collected and analyzed, and one vegetation community including Amblyotropis verna (Amblyotropis verna-Zoysia japonica community) was found. We found that the growing condition was not good with severe stamping and disturbance. The location-determining method by PCoA analysis showed the physical texture in soil was a critical factor determining the spatial distribution of the Amblyotropis verna-Zoysia japonica community. And the analysis of morphological characteristics found that light condition and soil hardness were the main ecological factor determining the size and form of each individual. Finally, this study recommend that minimizing impacts by human stamping and artificial disturbance and reducing the water stress were the best ways for the conservation of Amblyotropis verna habitats.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.21-21
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• 2014

A edible mushroom, Hypsizygus marmoreus is commercially cultivated in Northeast Asia. Japan's annual production is 110,000ton or more. Since 2002, cultivation is expanded in Korea. To investigate the morphological, cultural and microscopic characteristics of Hypsizygus marmoreus, 109 isolates were collected from Korea and other countries. Clamp connection, chlamydospore and arthrospore were present in all tested isolates of H. marmoreus except HYM-002 and HYM-004. Also pilealtrama, gilltrama, basidia, basidiospore and cystidia of fruiting body were no difference among the isolates in the present investigation. Morphological characteristics of fruiting body was that color of pileus was brown and white, irregular as marble, the average size 12~22mm and stipes was $46{\sim}91{\times}6{\sim}10mm$. Isolates HYM-031, HYM-047 and HYM-109 formed grayish-brown pileus with a faint pattern. Molecular analysis with RAPD and ITS rDNA sequence analysis were also performed to check the genetic relationships among H. marmoreus isolates. Based on the RAPD analysis using the URP-PCR, all isolates of H. marmoreus were clustered into large 3 groups but more than 90% showed high similarity. In addition, morphological and geographical differences have been classified as an independent cluster. The brown and white strains enclosed in same cluster. So genetically no significance difference was observed between these two strains. ITS gene sequences of 16 selected isolates which were 640 bp long, were aligned and compared. The similarity in ITS sequence was 94.8 to 99.1% among tested isolates and the H. marmoreus isolates in GeneBank. In conclusion the tested isolates were H. marmoreus. Morphological and molecular observations proved that all tested isolates were belonging to H. marmoreus. For the stable artificial cultivation, composition of optimum media, mature period and light condition were established. Optimal formula of artificial cultivation medium was Douglas sawdust: corn cob: soybean meal: wheat bran = 40:30:15:15. In addition, 7% rice bran and 3% yellow sucrose was the most effective composition for spawn's liquid medium. For the maturation of the isolates was favorable for growing for 20 to 30 days at $25^{\circ}C$ and the LED lights in mixture of white and blue was good for growth period. For effective growth, the temperature, humidity and aeration control in every step was important.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2016

Background : Plant breeding requires the collection of genetically diverse genetic resources. Studies on the characteristics of Platycodon grandiflorum resources have not been carried out so far. The present study was carried out to discriminate P. grandiflorum based on morphological characteristics and genetic diversity using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Methods and Results :We collected 11 P. grandiflorum cultivars: Maries II, Hakone double white, Hakone double blue, Fuji white, Fuji pink, Fuji blue, Astra white, Astra pink, Astra blue, Astra semi-double blue and Jangbaek. Analyses of the morphological characteristics of the collection were conducted for aerial parts (flower, stem and leaf) and underground parts (root). Next, the genetic diversity of all P. grandiflorum resources was analyzed using SSR markers employing the DNA fragment analysis method. We determined that the 11 P. grandiflorum cultivars analyzed could be classified by plant length, leaf number and root characteristic. Based on the genetic diversity analysis, these cultivars were classified into four distinct groups. Conclusions : These findings could be used for further research on cultivar development using molecular breeding techniques and for conservation of the genetic diversity of P. grandiflorum. Moreover, the markers could be used for genetic mapping of the plant and marker-assisted selection for crop breeding.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.136-142
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• 2003

The morphological analysis of wear debris can provide early a failure diagnosis in lubricated moving system. It can be effective to analyze operating conditions of oil-lubricated tribological system with shape characteristics of wear debris in a lubricant. But, in order to predict and recognize an operating condition of lubricated machine, it is needed to analyze and to identify shape characteristics of wear debris. Therefore, If the morphological characteristics of wear debris are recognized by computer image analysis using the neural network algorithm, it is possible to recognize operating condition of hydraulic driving members. In this study, wear debris in the lubricating oil are extracted by membrane filter (0.45 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$), and the quantitative values of shape parameters of wear debris are calculated by the digital image processing. This shape parameters are studied and identified by the artificial neural network algorithm. The result of study could be applied to prediction and to recognition of the operating condition of hydraulic driving members in lubricated machine systems.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1109-1116
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• 1992

Mathematical morphology, theoretical foundation for morphological filter, is very efficient for the analysis of the geometrical characteristics of signals and systems and is used as a predominant tool for smoothing the data with noise. In this study, H/W design of morphological filter is implemented to process the gray scale dilation and the erosion in the same circuit and to choose the maximum and minimum value by a selector, resulting in their education of the complexity of the circuit and an architecture for parallel processing. The structure of morphological filter consists of the structuring-element block, the image data block, the control block, the ADD block, the MIN/MAX block, etc, and is designed on an one-chip for real time operation.

• ALGAE
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.57-73
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• 2014

Amphora Ehrenberg ex Kutzing sensu lato is a common and widespread benthic diatom genus with a taxonomy that has been under continual revision, particularly based on molecular analyses. Although Amphora species have been studied using modern microscopy in recent years, there has not been much progress on molecular characterization of the species, especially in Asia. In this study of Amphora, sampling was carried out from September 2009 to August 2010 in Korean coastal waters. The morphological and molecular characteristics of eight Amphora sensu lato were examined: Amphora marina, A. proteus, Halamphora costata, H. coffeaeformis, H. eunotia, H. holsatica, H. terroris, and Halamphora sp. Based on previous accounts, morphology suggested that A. marina and A. proteus belong to the subgenus Amphora Cleve, which have smooth girdle bands and rather coarse and very distinct areolae on the valve. The other species, H. coffeaeformis, H. costata, H. eunotia, H. holsatica, H. terroris, and Halamphora sp. belong to the subgenus Halamphora Cleve, which was recently elevated to generic status by Levkov 2009, have plicate girdle bands, puncta which do not form straight longitudinal lines, valves which have a narrow ventral portion and apices that are generally rostrate-capitate and recurved. In agreement with analysis based on morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analysis based on small subunit rDNA suggested that the eight Amphora sensu lato species were not a monophyletic group as the morphological classification. Also, the results of molecular work and statistical analysis on all these Amphora sensu lato combined with phylogenic analysis on our geographically representative samples give strong evidence that Halamphora Levkov is independent of Amphora Cleve. Furthermore, in this study, Amphora terroris was transferred Halamphora as Halamphora terroris (Ehrenberg) Wang comb. nov. and Amphora marina was recorded for the first time in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.557-565
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• 2013

This study was conducted to examine variations of 35 morphological characteristics of 6 natural populations of Zelkova serrata in Korea. On the basis of the results of the ANOVA tests, the populations were significantly different in 16 of the 20 quantitative morphological characteristics that were tested. In particular, the 'Cheongju-si Gutdae Mountain' population showed larger values in 9 of the 20 quantitative characteristics that were examined. In the results of principal component analysis of the characteristics, examined characteristics were not suitable for the variation of 6 natural populations. According to the results of cluster analysis, 'Namhae-gun Mijori Evergreen Forest' population was grouped with 'Yangpyeon-gun Yongmun Mountain' population to the nearest group, and then 'Cheongju-si Gutdae Mountain' population, 'Boeun-gun Sokri Mountain' population, 'Daegu metropolitan city Palgong Mountain' population, and 'Hamyang-gun Sang Forest' population were grouped in regular sequence.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.361-370
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• 2008

In order to better understand the morphological differentiation of the two cultivated types of Perilla crop and their weedy types in Korea and Japan, we studied the variation of 62 accessions by examining 15 morphological characteristics. By using ANOVA (one-way analysis of variance), we determined that var. frutescens and var. crispa showed significant morphological differences in terms of plant height and seed weight. Furthermore, cultivated var. frutescens and var. crispa could also be clearly discriminated from one another using PCA (principal component analysis). Specifically, quantitative and qualitative characteristics such as plant height, seed weight, degree of pubescence, shape of leaf, color of leaf, fragrance of plant, color of flower, color of stem and seed size greatly contributed to differences seen in the positive and negative direction on the first axis. In our study, most accessions of cultivated var. frutescens and those of its weedy type could be clearly discriminated from one another, however, most accessions of cultivated and weedy types of var. crispa were not clearly discriminated by the ANOVA and PCA analyses. These results indicated that cultivated var. frutescens can be considered to be a domesticated form, while the cultivated var. crispa can not be considered to be a domesticated form in Korea and Japan. It is our belief that our results concerning the morphological variations among cultivated types of Perilla crop and their weedy types in Korea and Japan will help ensure the long-term success of breeding programs and maximize the use of the germplasm resources in Korea.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.79-87
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• 1998

Morphological analysis of wear particles in the lubricating oil is a very effective and versatile means of lubricant analysis for machine condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. The prospects for determining quantitative information about wear particle morphology have been considerably enhanced by recent developments reported in the application of image processing and analysis techniques. This study was undertaken to investigate the influence of oiliness agent and extreme pressure agent on the shape of wear particles. The wear test was performed under different experimental conditions with stearic acid, dibenzyl disulfide(DBDS) and tricresol phosphate(TCP) in paraffinic base oil. Wear particles characteristics were described using four shape parameters, namely 50% volumetric diameter, aspect, roundness and reflectivity. The results showed that the four shape parameters of wear particles depend on a kind of the additives. This analysis of wear debris with computer image processing techniques is sufficient to distinguish some types of wear debris. The wear volume of three kinds of the specimens are affected by the additives with boundary films.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.225-230
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• 2001

Morphological characteristics of the asymmetric mandible in 135 adult male patients were investigated. Panoramic X-ray images were recorded. Age, ramus height, antegonial notch height, condylar height, coronoid process height, ramus body height and condylar neck angle were calculated and measured. Statistical analysis of unpaired two-tailed t-test and correlation coefficients was performed to find the morphologic differences between short ramus height side and the other. Condylar height and ramus body height in short ramus height side were smaller than those of the other side. Antegonial notch height, coronoid process height, condylar neck angle showed no differences. Condylar neck height was correlated with condylar neck angle.