• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2011

Thirty five isolates of Trichoderma species collected from seven different locations of Bangladesh were studied for morphological characters and molecular variation. Mycelial diameters of the isolates varied from 8.28 cm to 9.00 cm. Based on colony colour, isolates were grouped into five such as dark green, green, light green, yellowish green and whitish green. Maximum isolates were green and light green. On the basis of growth habit and colony consistency, the isolates were categorized into three groups, in which most species had fast growth and were compact in appearance. PCR-based Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique employing 3 decamer primers produced 36 scorable bands of which all (100%) were polymorphic. The co-efficient of gene differentiation (Gst) was 1.0000 reflecting the existence of high level of genetic diversity among the isolates. The Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means (UPGMA) dendrogram constructed from Nei's (1972) genetic distance produced 2 main clusters (13 isolates in cluster 1 and 22 isolates in cluster 2). The result indicating their genetic diversity has opened new possibility of using the most efficient and more isolates of Trichoderma in the preparation of biopesticide and decomposition of municipality waste.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.350-354
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• 2020

Many parrots are considered endangered species due to threats from human activities. Gender determination is of great importance for biological studies and the conservation of endangered parrots. However, like other birds, gender determination in parrots is hindered due to the lack of external dimorphism between males and females. A molecular approach using the chromo-helicase-DNA binding protein 1 (CHD1) gene is commonly used for sexing birds. This study aimed to determine the gender of parrots from Korean zoos based on amplification and visualization of the partial CHD1 gene. The samples of 13 parrot species were collected from three different zoos in Korea and the extracted DNA templates were amplified using CHD1 gene primers. The gender of 27 samples of 13 species was determined by visualizing the PCR products on an agarose gel. While male parrots were indicated by a single band, female parrots were indicated by double bands. The findings provide additional information, which might be helpful for the management and care of parrots in Korean zoos.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.149-160
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• 1990

The soybean $\beta$-amylase ($\alpha$-1, 4-glucan maltohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.2) is composed of seven isozymes(I', I, II, III, IV, V and VI), and isozyme II and IV are the main components among these. The Purification of $\beta$-amylase isozymes from soybean whey were performed by ammonium sulfate fractionation, CM-Sephadex C-50 column chromatography, DEAE-Sephadex chromatography and Gel filtration. The resulted purity of $\beta$-amylase was throughly confirmed by electrophoresis, and then determined its isoelectric point and molecular weight. The results obtained were as follows, 1. Five active fractions of soybean p-amylase were derived on CM-Sephadex C-50 column chromatography. 2. Seven active bands of p-amylase isozymes were detected by isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis, and their isoelectric points(I' to VI) were 5.07, 5.15, 5.25, 5.40, 5.55, 5.70 and 5.93, respectively. 3. Isozyme II and IV were main components of soybean $\beta$-amylase. 4. The molecular weights of both isozyme II and IV were determined to be 56,000 daltons by the result of SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 5. Km values of main isozyme II & IV for amylopectin were determined to be 2.25 mg/ml, which suggest the same function of each isozyme.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 1987

The electrophoretic and innunological cnalyses of organic matrices in the shells of freshwater bivalves were made in order to dlucidate the biochemical characteristics and species-specific differinces of the applied shells, The water-soluble and insoluble matrices of four species of freshwater bivalves, Andodonta fukudai, Unio douglasiae, Lanceolaria and Chrbicula fluminea, were used as analytical materials, There was non-identity in immuno affinity between anti soluble matrix(anti-Sm) and anti insoluble matrix(anti-ISM)sera against the organic matrix of Andodnta fukudai. The SMs of four species (S. fukudai, U.douglasiae, L. acrorhyncha, and C. fluminea) showed the differences in the precipitate arcs at the level of family, though ISMs did mot show differences. In the electrophoretic analysis, all foru species had two SDS-electrophoretic bands of SM, of which molecular wights appeared to be lower than 55,000, shereas the native organic matrices of foru speceis had higher molecular weighrs than those from SDS-dldctrophoresis. Only calcium ion among many ions in extrapallial fluid(EPF) caused SM to change into insoluble molecules, thus the EPF pretreated with Ca++did not form the precipitate arc when did the immuno diffusion whth anti SM serum. ISM precursor may be polymerized into macromolecules like periostracin, a precusor of periostracum, judging from the similat polymerization patterns in 0.1M Tris formate buffer(pH 3); they may be made insoluble macromolecules due to their strong natrue of hydrophobicity.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.119-125
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• 1990

A Potent inhibitor of trypsin and other various serine proteases including chymotrypsin, elastase, kallikrein, plasmin and subtilisin, has been purified to homogeneity from chick skeletal muscle by convendonal chromatographic procedures. The Inhibitor has an apparent molecular weight of 66, 000 dalton as determined by gel filtration. When the purified inhibitor was electrophoresed in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, there appeared rwo protein bands having molecular weights of 66, 000 and 64, 000 dalton. The 64, 000 dalton protein seems to be the product of 66, 000 dalton protein by a lin'ited proteolysis during the purification procedure or in viuo. Thus, it seems to consist of a single polypeptide. The inhibitor appeared to be glycoprotein and have an isoelectric point of 7.4. It contains relatively large amount (8.33 mole%) of cysteine residues.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.223-229
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• 1990

A splenectomized 5-month-old calf was inoculated with cryopreserved Theileria sergenti infected blood originated from naturally infected Korean native cattle in Chonbuk district. At peak parasitemia (40.1%), blood was collected, washed, lysed and then the T sergenti merozoite was isolated by differential centrifugation. Antigenic profile of isolated T sergenti organism was analized by SDS-PAGE and western blotting techniques. Coomassie blue stained SDS-PAGE gel revealed at least twelve protein bands of approximately 14Kd, 28Kd, 30Kd, 34Kd, 36Kd, 38Kd, 41Kd, 56Kd, 66Kd, 72Kd, 97Kd and 116Kd in the merozoite homogenate. In western blot, although T sergenti antigen recognized by specific anti-T sergenti antibodies demonstrated 28Kd, 30Kd, 38Kd, 56Kd, 58Kd, 66Kd, 97Kd and 116Kd proteins. False positive reactions were also observed in normal bovine serum with T sergenti and normal erythrocytic antigens. Therefore, predominant proteins of T sergenti merozoite antigen were found to be 28Kd, 30Kd, and 41Kd proteins of molecular weights. On going studies we will analyze the relative importance of those antigens for immunity of T sergenti in Korean native cattle.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.391-398
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• 1993

Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a promising source for markers of destructive periodontal disease activity. This study was undertaken to evaluate the protein composition of GCF in varying stages of the gingival inflammatory response. GCF sampled from 26 people with clinically healthy gingiva and 18 people with periodontitis were examined via sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS/PAGE). The result were as follows. 1. Total amount of GCF protein of diseased group significantly different from that of normal group. But difference in protein concentration was not that significant. 2. In analyzing GCF with SDS/PAGE, it was suggested that albumin is used as indicator plasma protein leakage because of heavily staining bond of albumin in patients with periodontal disease. 3. In diseased group, overall bonds of protein and bands of high molecular weight protein were heavily stained. It was proved useful information on high molecular plasma protein leakage with increasing vascular permeability due to inflammation.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.217-222
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• 2004

As Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which has long been used to transform plants, is known to transfer T-DNA to budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a variety of fungi were subjected to the A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation to improve their transformation frequency and feasibility. The A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation of chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, is performed in this study as the first example of transformation of a hardwood fungal pathogen. The transfer of the binary vector pBIN9-Hg, containing the bacterial hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene under the control of the Aspergillus nidulans trpC promoter and terminator, as a selectable marker, led to the selection of more than 1,000 stable, hygromycin B-resistant transformants per 1${\times}$10$\^$6/ conidia of C. parasitica. The putative transformants appeared to be mitotically stable. The transformation efficiency appears to depend on the bacterial strain, age of the bacteria cell culture and ratio of fungal spores to bacterial cells. PCR and Southern blot analysis indicated that the marker gene was inserted at different chromosomal sites. Moreover, three transformants out of ten showed more than two hybridizing bands, suggesting more than two copies of the inserted marker gene are not uncommon.

• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.504-508
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• 1995

The electrophoretic patterns of plasma membrane surface proteins of normal rat liver cells and rat hepatomas were compared in 10% non-denaturing and 7-15% gradient non-denaturing gel. Chemical carcinogens, 2-Me DAB (2-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene) and DENA (diethylnitrosamine), were used to induce hepatoma in rats. One protein which disappeared in hepatoma was identified in normal rat liver by non-denaturing gel electrophoresis. Rabbit antisera were raised against this specific protein, and the protein was purified by Sephacryl S-200 column and immunoaffinity chromatography using the purified antibody. The purified protein showed two bands of molecular weights approximately 50 $kD_{\alpha}$ and 52 $kD_{\alpha}$ by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, which reacted specifically with the antibody. However only one band was observed in non-denaturing gel and also in isoelectric focusing with a pI value of 6.6. This study showed the existence of an unique protein on the plasma membrane surface of normal rat liver cells which disappeared in rat hepatomas induced by chemical carcinogens.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2008

The tetrachloroethylene (PCE) dehalogenase of Clostridium bifermentans DPH-1 (a halorespiring organism) was purified, cloned, and sequenced. This enzyme is a homodimer with a molecular mass of ca. 70 kDa and exhibits dehalogenation of dichloroethylene isomers along with PCE and trichloroethylene (TCE). Broad range of substrate specificity for chlorinated aliphatic compounds (PCE, TCE, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethylene, 1,2-dichloropropene, and 1,1,2-trichloroethane) for this enzyme was also observed. A mixture of propyl iodide and titanium citrate caused a light-reversible inhibition of enzymatic activity suggesting the involvement of a corrinoid cofactor. A partial sequence (81 bp) of the encoding gene for PCE dehalogenase was amplified and sequenced with degenerateprimers designed from the N-terminal sequence (27 amino acid residues). Southern analysis of C. bifermentans genomic DNA using the polymerase chain reaction product as a probe revealed restriction fragment bands. A 5.0 kb ClaI fragment, harboring the relevant gene (designated pceC) was cloned (pDEHAL5) and the complete nucleotide sequence of pceC was determined. The gene showed homology mainly with microbial membrane proteins and no homology with any known dehalogenase, suggesting a distinct PCE dehalogenase. So, C. bifermentans could play some important role in the initial breakdown of PCE and other chlorinated aliphatic compounds in sites contaminated with mixtures of halogenated substances.