• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.43-45
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• 2008

According to industrial development, Ingots are more large and various. In particular large STS ingot. The probability of shrinkage cavity occurrence is higher than carbon steel and alloy steel. To manufacture ultra clean steel the technical development is nearly necessary for example controlling inclusions and total [H]. In this study, after measured the mold temperature and adjusted thermo conductivity of STS steel and compared existing mold to new one with CAE. As a result, the new mold more reduced than existing mold for the probability of shrinkage cavity occurrence.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea on strawberry plants is an economically significant disease in Korea. The rates for diseased fruits are high during the strawberry harvesting period from December to February, especially in hydroponic cultivation. This study assessed the effect of the nitrogen type in the soil culture and the electrical conductivity (EC) of the nutrient solution in a hydroponic culture on the gray mold incidence in 'Seolhyang' strawberry plants. The nitrogen sources assayed included calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (CN4), calcium nitrate decahydrate (CN10), ammonium sulfate (AS), and commercial fertilizer 213 (213). The effect of the EC was tested at 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, and $1.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The occurrence of gray mold varied according to the nitrogen type. The disease incidence and nitrogen content for the main nitrogen type were higher compared to the non-treated control. The AS treatment showed the highest occurrence of tipburn and gray mold. The incidence of gray mold as well as the nitrogen and phosphorus content of the leaves increased as the EC level was increased. These results indicate that the incidence of gray mold in strawberry plants is related to the nitrogen content of the leaf and the EC of the nutrient solution.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.21-25
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• 2021

When the product is removed from the mold after molding during the sheet metal molding process, elastic recovery causes a springback phenomenon. Much research has been done to minimize this phenomenon. In this study, V-bending experiments were conducted using galvanized steel sheets, stainless steel, and aluminum sheet materials, using a total of nine types of thin sheet materials of 1.0t, 1.5t, and 2.0t, respectively. Molding analysis and experimental data were compared and analyzed. In the case of galvanized steel sheets, it was considered that the springback phenomenon occurs more frequently in molding analysis than in experiments. It was considered that the springback phenomenon occurs greatly in the experiment, not the interpretation of the molding of the stainless steel plate and the aluminum plate. It was considered that the springback occurrence tendency of the molding analysis and the experiment was the same, and the springback occurrence error rate of the molding analysis and the experimental result was about 4.0%.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.22-26
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• 2018

In the automotive industry these days, plastic parts have been developed and replaced with plastic parts by maintaining the same function of existing press parts for a variety of reasons. Injection molding plastic parts are subject to molding defects due to various factors, among which the sink marks usually occur in the areas where bosses and ribs are installed. In this study, we analyzed the influence of various factors on the occurrence of sink marks by using the flow analysis of the forming analysis program(Moldflow analysis) using the rib model with the T-shape. Tests have shown that the greatest influence on the sink mark of cosmetic products is the thickness and pressure of the ribs, and the thickness of the basic moulding thickness of the product increases. However, it was considered that the resin temperature and the mold temperature do not greatly affect the occurrence of the sink mark.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2022

Hydraulic units are important components of agricultural and construction machinery, and thus require high-quality castings. However, gas defects occurring inside the sand cores of the castings due to the resin used is a problem. This study therefore aimed to develop a casting simulation method that can clarify the gas defect positions. Gas defects are thought to be caused by gas generated after the molten metal fills up the mold cavity. The gas constant is the most effective factor for simulating this gas generated from sand cores. It is calculated by gas generating temperature and analysis of composition in the inert gas atmosphere modified according to the mold filling conditions of molten metal. It is assumed that gases generated from the inside of castings remain if the following formula is established. [Time of occurrence of gas generation] + [Time of occurrence of gas floating] > [Time of occurrence of casting surface solidification] The possibility of gas defects is evaluated by the time of occurrence of gas generation and gas floating calculated using the gas constant. The residual position of generated gases is decided by the closed loops indicating the final solidification location in the casting simulation. The above procedure enables us to suggest suitable casting designs with zero gas defects, without the need to repeat casting tests.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2017

최근 경북 포항의 산딸기 재배지역에서 잿빛곰팡이병 증상이 발생하였다. 초기에는 잎의 가장자리나 과경 부위에 갈색 반점이 나타나며 병이 진전되면 병반 부위가 확대되고 수침상으로 물러지면서 표면이 회색 곰팡이로 덮이는 것이 관찰되었다. 이러한 증상이 발생한 잎으로부터 병원균을 분리하고 균학적 특성을 조사하고 계통학적 분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과 산딸기에서 발생한 잿빛곰팡이병의 병원균은 Botrytis cinerea로 확인되었으며, 건전한 산딸기 식물체를 대상으로 접종실험 한 결과 산딸기에 대한 병원성을 확인하였다. 지금까지 국내에서 B. cinerea에 의한 산딸기 잿빛곰팡이병이 보고되지 않았으므로 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 이 병을 국내 최초로 보고한다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.101-104
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• 2004

The application of rubber produt is a quite extensive field and has several problems in point of mass-production. The inhibitive factors at the general rubber mold are occurrence of flash, loss of raw material by curing for sprue and runner, environmental pollution by scrap junked after extraction of product and the unavailable mold structure for automation. The existence of flash at the rubber mold requires extra-process for removing or finishing it. As the reason, we can't help avoiding deterioration of quality and rising of cost. Hence we promptly need to research fur the efficient structure of mold and the preventive transforming technique of the flash without any loss of raw material in advance. This monograph is a study for Wasteless rubber mold that give us a solution for several problems happened at the general rubber mold.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1033-1037
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• 1997

마시맬로가 채워져있는 복합 초콜렛 제품에서 저장과정 중의 곰팡이 발생에 대하여 조사하였다. 곰팡이 발생의 원인을 알기 위하여 초콜렛과 마시맬로의 수분 흡습 곡선을 살펴 본 결과 마시맬로는 초콜렛보다 흡습성이 더 크게 나타났고 수분 활성도와 수분함량의 관계는 Kuhn의 식을 잘 적용할 수 있었다. 복합 초콜렛에서는 시간이 경과함에 따라 수분이 내부 마시맬로에서 외부 초콜렛으로 이동하므로 마시맬로의 수분 활성도는 시간에 따라 0.88에서 0.80까지 감소하였고 초콜렛의 수분 활성도는 0.22에서 0.76까지 증가하였다. 수분활성도 0.76은 내건성 곰팡이가 자랄 수 있는 수분활성도이므로 장기간 저장 중에 곰팡이가 발생할 가능성이 있다. $25^{\circ}C$에서 3달 동안 저장된 복합초콜렛의 표면에서 곰팡이의 성장이 발생되어 동정한 결과 오염된 곰팡이는 주로 Aspergillus repens이었다. 여러 수분 활성도에서 복합초콜렛에 A. repens를 접종하여 곰팡이가 발생할 때까지 배양하였다. $25^{\circ}C$에서 수분활성도가 0.73에서 0.95로 증가할 때 곰팡이 발생기간은 162일에서 15일로 감소하였다. 저장기간이 오래되어 곰팡이가 발생할 수 있는 것은 수분 이동으로 인하여 초콜렛의 수분 활성도가 증가하는 것으로 생각된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.102-105
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• 2003

Gray mold severely occurred up to 50% in freesia and gladiolus grown in the fields and greenhouses in Korea from 1998 to 2000. Symptoms appeared as spot and blight on loaves and flowers of infected plants. A total of 25 isolates was obtained from infected plant parts. All the isolates were identified as Botrytis gladiolorum based on their morphological and cultural characteristics. Gray mold symptoms similar to those observed in the fields and greenhouses were induced on the plants of freesia and gladiolus by artificial inoculation with four isolates of the fungus. This is the first report of gray mold of freesia caused by B. gladiolorum in Korea.

• 식물병연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.295-298
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• 2023

During a disease survey conducted in April 2022, we observed severe gray mold symptoms on inflorescences of mango trees (Mangifera indica) grown in a vinyl greenhouse in Jeju, Korea. The symptoms occurred on the flowers and peduncles, on which a lot of gray molds were formed. The incidence of gray mold on the inflorescences in the vinyl greenhouse ranged from 10% to 40%. Three fungal isolates were obtained from the lesions and identified as Botrytis cinerea based on their morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis. All isolates of B. cinerea were tested for their pathogenicity to inflorescences of mango trees through artificial inoculation. The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed on the flowers and peduncles. The symptoms induced by the isolates were similar to those on the inflorescences of mango trees observed in the disease survey. This is the first report of B. cinerea causing gray mold in mango in Korea.