• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.668-675
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• 2011

The effects of adding goldenrod leaf (GL) and stem powder (GS) (1 and 2%) to sausage meat were evaluated for quality characteristics. The compositional properties, pH, cooking yield, instrumental color, emulsion stability, viscosity, texture, and sensory properties were investigated. Adding GL and GS increased the moisture and ash concentration in sausages. Furthermore, increasing the amount of added GL and GS helped to develop (p<0.05) cooking yield, emulsion stability, and viscosity in the meat batters. Sausages with 2% GL and GS had significantly higher springiness and hardness than those of the control. No significant differences in cohesiveness were observed among the treatments. CIE L*and CIE a*values were highest (p<0.05) in the control sausage. Treatment with 2% GL resulted in the highest CIE b* values (p<0.05) in batter and sausages. No significant difference was observed between the control and other treatments for the overall acceptability. Overall, this study indicated that GL and GS could be used as dietary fiber in sausages to improve quality characteristics.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.168-174
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• 1994

여과 및 원심 분리가 $70^{\circ}C$ 저장 중 참기름의 산화 안정성에 미치는 영향을 headspace gas chromatography법에 의한 헥산알 생성과 기름의 과산화물가 및 공액 이중 결합 측정에 의해 살펴보았다. 볶은 참깨로부터 얻은 조참기름은 유리지방산, 공액 이중결합과 금속(철, 구리, 마그네슘 및 아연)을 더욱 많이 함유한 반면 수분과 ${\gamma}-tochopherol$은 여과 참기름 또는 원심분리 참기름에 더 많이 함유되었다. 여과 참기름은 세 종류의 기름 중 가장 큰 L과 b값의 우수한 색도에도 불구하고 조참기름보다 많은 과산화물을 함유하였다. 모든 참기름이 $70^{\circ}C$ 저장 중 색차가 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 여과 참기름에서의 리놀렌산 감소 경향을 제외하고는 비교적 일정한 지방산 조성을 보였다. 산화 안정성에 있어서 원심분리 참기름과 조참기름은 a=1%에서 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으며 여과 참기름은 이들보다 산화안정성이 떨어졌다. 원심분리 참기름이 산화안정성과 유지의 색도 측면에서 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

• 공업화학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.554-560
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• 1998

포스포늄 염을 포함하는 감습성 전해질 고분자 결로센서를 vinylbenzyl triphenyl phosphonium chloride(VTPC)/styrene=3/7의 공중합체로부터 제조하였다. 감습막은 금/알루미나 전극에 침적법에 의하여 도포하였으며 $25^{\circ}C$의 70%RH, 80%RH, 90%RH, 그리고 95% RH에서 임피던스는 $11M{\Omega}$, $980k{\Omega}$, $50k{\Omega}$, 그리고 $11k{\Omega}$를 각각 보여 주어 감습 특성은 결로 센서로서의 특성에 매우 적합하였으며 $15{\sim}35^{\circ}C$에서 온도 의존성 계수는 $-0.25%RH/^{\circ}C$이었으며 히스테리시스는 ${\pm}2%RH$ 이내에 존재하였다. 응답 속도는 70%RH에서 98%RH로 변화할 때 45초이었다. 신뢰성 시험으로서 온도 사이클, 습도 사이클, 고온 고습 저항성, 전기 인가, 장기 방치, 그리고 내수성을 측정하여 결로 센서로서의 적합성을 평가하였다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.189-193
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• 2002

천연식초를 이용하여 분말식초의 제조방법을 개발하고자 부형제의 비율을 달리하여 제조한 분말식초의 품질특성을 평가하여 분말식초의 제조 가능성을 검토하였다. 혼합 피복 물질로 제조된 분말식초의 품질특성을 비교한 결과 $\beta$-cyclodextrin과 gum arabic이 2.5:7.5의 비율로 제조한 분말식초가 비교적 낮은 수분함량을 나타내었고 산도는 높은 수치를 나타내 식초를 포집하는 능력이 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이 비율로 제조한 분말식초의 흡습성 또한 비교적 낮은 값을 나타내었으며 열안정성은 모든 시료가 높은 수치를 나타내 열에는 모두 안정함을 알 수 있었다. 주사 현미경으로 관찰한 분체의 형태는 모두 구형을 형성하여 분말식초에서 캡슐이 형성되었음을 알 수 있었다. 관능검사 결과도 신맛의 증가로 높은 점수를 받았다. 이상의 결과로 분말식초의 제조시 피복물질의 혼합비율별은 $\beta$-cyclodextrin 과 gum arabic을 2.5:7.5의 비율로 제조하는 것이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 1997

Handling the emergency problems such as Chemobyl accident require real time prediction of pollutants dispersion. One-point real time sounding at pollutant source and simple model including turbulent-radiation process are very important to predict dispersion at real time. The stability categories obtained by one-dimensional numerical model (including PBL dynamics and radiative process) are good agreement with observational data (Golder, 1972). Therefore, the meteorological parameters (thermal, moisture and momentum fluxes; sensible and latent heat; Monin-Obukhov length and bulk Richardson number; vertical diffusion coefficient and TKE; mixing height) calculated by this model will be useful to understand the structure of stable boundary layer and to handling the emergency problems such as dangerous gasses accident. Especially, this simple model has strong merit for practical dispersion models which require turbulence process but does not takes long time to real predictions. According to the results of this model, the urban area has stronger vertical dispersion and weaker horizontal dispersion than rural area during daytime in summer season. The maximum stability class of urban area and rural area are 'A' and 'B' at 14 LST, respectively. After 20 LST, both urban and rural area have weak vertical dispersion, but they have strong horizontal dispersion. Generally, the urban area have larger radius of horizontal dispersion than rural area. Considering the resolution and time consuming problems of three dimensional grid model, one-dimensional model with one-point real sounding have strong merit for practical dispersion model.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1195-1204
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether addition of konjac gel with three different vegetable powders can increase quality of low-fat frankfurter-type sausage. Methods: Low-fat frankfurter-type sausages were manufactured with formulations containing konjac gel and three vegetable powders (aloe vera, cactus pear, or wheat sprout) as pork fat replacers. The formulations of frankfurters were as follows: NF (normal-fat; 20% pork fat), LF (low-fat; 10% pork fat), KG (low-fat; 10% pork fat+10% konjac gel), and konjac gel with three vegetable powders (KV), such as KV-AV (10% pork fat+10% konjac gel with aloe vera), KV-CP (10% pork fat+10% konjac gel with cactus pear), and KV-WS (10% pork fat+10% konjac gel with wheat sprout). Proximate analysis, pH value, color evaluation, cooking loss, water-holding capacity, emulsion stability, apparent viscosity, texture profile analysis, and sensory evaluation were determined. Results: The konjac gel containing groups showed lower fat content (p<0.05) and higher moisture content than NF group (p<0.05). The pH value of frankfurters was decreased in three KV groups (p<0.05). The three KV groups had increased dark color (p<0.05) compared with KG, and KV-CP had the highest redness (p<0.05). The water-holding capacity and emulsion stability were higher in the three KV groups than KG and LF (p<0.05). Cooking loss was generally decreased in the three KV groups, compared with KG (p<0.05). The apparent viscosity of KV groups was similar with NF group and overall texture properties were improved in KV-CP. In the sensory evaluation, the highest overall acceptability was found in KV-CP groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The four fat replacers improved physicochemical properties of low-fat frankfurters. Particularly, konjac gel with cactus pear powder seems more acceptable as a pork fat replacer.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2022

To realize the infinite possibilities of materials derived from wood, it is necessary to overcome the weak moisture stability of wood. Thus, the development of an eco-friendly hydrophobic coating agent is essential, and of these, woody biomass-based materials are strongly attractive as coatings. In this study, eco-friendly hydrophobic wood coatings were prepared using carnauba wax purified from palm leaves and sprouts, and kraft lignin. The physicochemical properties of the carnauba wax/lignin blends according to the ratio of carnauba wax and lignin were observed by morphology and functional group change. In addition, the coating performance of carnauba wax/lignin blend coatings was confirmed by measuring the contact angle change. It was found that the addition of lignin could accelerate the atomization of wax particles, and that micro-roughness can be realized when applied to the actual wood surface, to ensure that the coating effect over time lasts longer. In addition, it was confirmed that the addition of lignin increases the hydrogen-bond-based interaction with the wood of the coating, thereby providing better coating stability and increasing the durability of the coating solvent under friction. The carnauba wax/lignin paint developed in this way is eco-friendly because all components are made of wood-based raw materials and have an excellent affinity with wood surfaces. Therefore, it is expected to be applicable to the coating process of wood-plastic composites and timber composites.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.1414-1425
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• 2023

Objective: Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) exert positive effects on human health. The long chain n-3 PUFA of pork can be increased by adding fish oil to the diet. Due to the cost and availability of fish oil an alternative source must be found. Methods: This study evaluated the effect of five dietary oils on meat quality, fatty acid composition and lipid stability. The five diets contained 1% palm oil (Control), 1% soya oil, 1% linseed oil, 1% fish oil, and 1% Echium oil, respectively. The trial consisted of 60 gilts, randomly allocated to five groups. Results: All color parameters, extractable fat content, fat free dry matter, and moisture content of the m. longissimus muscle were unaffected by dietary treatment. Consumers and a trained sensory panel could not detect a difference between the control samples and the Echium oil sample during sensory analysis. Samples containing higher levels of PUFA (soya, linseed, fish, and Echium oil) had higher levels of primary and secondary lipid oxidation products after refrigerated and frozen storage. However, these values were still well below the threshold value where off flavors can be detected. The Echium oil treatment had significantly higher levels of long chain PUFA than the linseed oil treatment, but it was still significantly lower than that of the fish oil treatment. Conclusion: Echium oil supplementation did not increase the levels of n-3 to the same extent as fish oil did. The result did however suggest that Echium oil can be used in pig diets to improve muscle long chain n-3 fatty acid content without any adverse effects on meat quality when compared to linseed, soya, and palm oil.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.336-344
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Centella asiatica powder on the quality characteristics and storage stability of goat meat Tteokgalbi. The goat meat Tteokgalbi samples were prepared with four different quantities (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5%) of Centella asiatica powder. The moisture content of the samples containing Centella asiatica powder was significantly lower than that of the control (p<0.05). The protein content of the samples containing Centella asiatica powder was significantly higher than that of the control (p<0.05). As the proportion of Centella asiatica powder increased, the pH, L^*, and a^* values of the uncooked and cooked samples decreased (p<0.05). The water holding capacity and the cooking yield of the uncooked and cooked samples were higher in the samples containing Centella asiatica powder than in the control (p<0.05). Also, with the increasing amounts of the Centella asiatica powder, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels decreased. The 1-1.5% Centella asiatica powder group showed lower levels of volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) than the other groups as per the assay (p<0.05). The results indicate that Centella asiatica powder could enhance the quality characteristics and storage stability of goat meat Tteokgabi.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.381-398
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• 1975

유기린계살충제의 안정성유지(安定性維持)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)의 일환(一環)으로 보조제(補助劑)로서의 유화제(乳化劑), 유기용제(有機溶劑), 첨가물질(添加物質)과 수분(水分), pH등(等)의 제반요인(諸般要因)들이 Fenitrothion 유제중(乳劑中)의 주성분(主成分)의 경시변화(經時變化)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 제제조성별(製劑組成別)로 실험(實驗)했고, 부가(附加)해서 제제형태별(製劑形態別)로 특정조건(特定條件)에서의 자외선조사(紫外線照射)가 주성분(主成分)의 분해율(分解率)에 미치는 영향(影響)도 아울러 검토(檢討)하였다. 본(本) 실험(實驗)에서 얻은 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유기용제중(有機溶劑中) 무극성용제(無極性溶劑)(xylene과 benzene)가 극성용제(極性溶劑)에 비(比)하여 주성분(主成分)의 경시변화(經時變化)에 미치는 영향(影響)이 가장 적었고 같은 비(非)이온성(性) 유화제(乳化劑)이지만 alkyl계(系)인 Sorpol-1200은 sorbitan계(系) (Tween류(類))에 비(比)하여 안정성(安定性)이 월등(越等)히 높았으며, 본(本) 실험조건하(實驗條件下)에서는 유화제(乳化劑)의 pH와 수분함량(水分含量)이 미치는 영향(影響)은 근소(僅少)하였다. 2. maleic anhydride, p-toluene sulfonic acid, sulfosalicylic acid와 maleic anhydride+sulfosalicylic acid를 Fenitrothion 유제(乳劑)에 첨가(添加)했을 때는 주성분(主成分)의 분해(分解)를 억제(抑制)하는 현상(現象)을 보였으며, 이같은 산무수물(酸無水物)은 경시적(經時的) 안정성유지(安定性維持)에 효과적(效果的)이었으나, 유기산(有機酸)의 첨가(添加)는 이와 반대(反對)로 주성분(主成分)의 분해(分解)를 촉진(促進)하였다. 3. 금속분말(金屬扮末)의 유제(乳劑)에의 첨가(添加)에 따른 효과(效果)는 copper와 zinc가 주성분(主成分)의 분해(分解)를 크게 촉진(促進)하였는데, 이는 O, O-dimethyl thiophosphoric acid와 금속분말(金屬粉末)과의 친화력(親和力)에 기인(起因)하는 것으로 해석(解釋)된다. 4. 제제형태별(製劑形態別)로 자외선조사처리(紫外線照射處理)를 했을 때, 조사시간(照射時間)에 따라 주성분(主成分)의 분해율(分解率)은 증대(增大)되었으나, 다른 유기린제(有機燐劑)에 비(比)하여 안정성(安定性)이 높았고, 그 분해율(分解率)은 수화제(水和劑)>분제(粉劑)>유제(乳劑)와 같은 순위(順位)였다. 5. 관용철포농도별(慣用撤布濃度別)로 유제(乳劑)의 희석유화액(稀釋乳化液)과 수화제(水和劑)의 수화간탁액(水和懇濁液)을 자외선조사처리(紫外線照射處理)했을 때, 조사시간(照射時間)과 주성분(主成分)의 농도(濃度)에 따라 분해율(分解率)에 차이(差異)가 있었는데 피조사면(被照射面)에 있어서의 Fenitrothion의 초기함량(初期含量)이 $12{\sim}16{\gamma}/cm^2$일 때의 분해율(分解率)이 가장 높았다.