• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.335-342
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• 1998

The objectives of this study were to evaluate respiration characteristics and develop empirical respiratory rate equations for short gain rough rice. The carbon dioxide concentrations generated from mush rice at four level temperatures(10, 20, 30, 4$0^{\circ}C$) and 4 level moisture contents(17.2, 21.5, 25.9, 31.6％, d.b.) were measured by gas chromatography. The respiratory rates' increased exponentially with gain temperature and also with moisture content The relationship between respiratory rate and gain temperature fitted the Arrehenius' and Core's equations very well. Two empirical respiratory rate equations were presented as a function of gain temperature and moisture content. The values of determination coefficient for the developed respiratory rate equations were 0.999, and the result of t-test showed that there were no significant differences between predicted and measured respiratory rates on significance level of 1%. Therefore, it appeared that respiratory rates predicted by the respiratory rate equations agreed well with measured values. An equation for predicting dry matter losses of rough rice during storage was presented by modifying the respiratory rate equations based on chemical reaction of decomposition of carbohydrate.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.313-319
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• 2001

In order to produce the high quality rehydrated acorn Mook(Korean tradition gel flood) that enhance acceptability, the optimum condition was investigated for the rehydration process of dried Monk as salt concentration(0, 1, 2%), temperature(20, 70, 80, 90$^{\circ}C$) and time. The estimation of moisture gain, rehydration efficiency was analyzed statistically. The surface color md seniory evaluation were undertaken to evaluate the rehydrated Mook quality The optimum rehydration time was decided to 15 minutes and it takes 3 minutes for the cooling tilde. The moisture gain increased as the rehydration temperature increase. And the moisture gain and moisture gain rate were higher at 1% salt solution than other concentration. As the rehydration efficiency, surface color and sensory properties of rehydrated Mook, 1% salt treatment was superior.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.4 s.35
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• pp.63-74
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• 1999

This study has been investigated about the influence of moisture environment on the mechanical properties in the carbon fiber cross laminates. And it has been also investigated the effect of unit ply thickness of the carbon fiber cross laminates on the mechanical properties in distilled water of $80^{\circ}C$ for a certain period of time. As a results, it was found that the weight gain of water was increased with the immersion time and the bending strength and fracture toughness were decreased with the weight gain of water. And it was also shown that the bending strength and fracture toughness were decreased with the increasing of the unit ply thickness of carbon fiber cross laminates through the immersion time.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.43-49
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• 2014

This study has been investigated on the durability of carbon fiber/epoxy composites (CFRP) in moisture environment. The carbon fiber/epoxy composites were modified to use the nanoparticles such as carbon nanotubes and titanium oxide. These hybrid composites were exposed to moisture environment for a certain period of time. Weight gain according to immersion time, quasi-static tensile test and micro-graphic characterization were investigated on the samples exposed to moisture environment. Consequently, the weight gains increased with increasing immersion time and weight gain of the hybrid composites was lower than the one of CFRP through the whole immersion time. The tensile strengths decreased with increasing immersion time and tensile strengths of the hybrid composites were higher than the one of CFRP through the whole immersion time. The CFRP were observed more degraded than hybrid compositess in moisture environment. Therefore, it was concluded that the addition of nanoparticles in CFRP could lead to improve the durability in moisture environment.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.90-99
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• 2000

This study has been investigated about the influence of moisture environment properties in the unidirectional and cross laminated carbon fiber/epoxy and glass fiber/epoxy composites. As a results, it was found that the weight gain of water increased with the immersion time and the mechanical properties were decreased with the weight gain of water. And it was also shown that the mechanical properties of carbon fiber/epoxy laminates were better than those of glass fiber/epoxy laminates. And a gap of the mechanical properties between the two kinds of laminates was increasing with the immersion time in distilled water of 80$^{\circ}C $. Mechanical properties which decreased by moisture absorption in the CF and GF reinforced laminates were recovered up to some extent by drying in oven at 80$^{\circ}C $ for 10 days.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.249-253
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• 2008

The indirect-contact ECG (IDC-ECG) was introduced by a prior study for daily non-intrusive measurements. To improve the signal quality and to extend the application area of IDC-ECG, close study of the frequency characteristics of the IDC-ECG is necessary. In this study, the frequency response of the active electrode for several sample clothes was measured under conditions of actual IDC-ECG measurement with human body. Higher gain in low frequency range than expected by prior study was observed. In addition to it, wide variation in gain according to the cloth type in the low frequency range was observed. Variation in gain caused by moisture variation in the clothes was also observed. This study shows that the parallel R-C connection is proper for electrode model and the resistive factor is influenced by moisture in the clothes. This study is the first that provides the frequency response of the electrode in the actual indirect-contact ECG measurement and it is expected that the results will be helpful to improve the indirect-contact ECG method.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.173-180
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• 2014

The development process of a L-Band microwave radiometer for remote sensing of soil-moisture are described in this paper. Achieving the development aim of the measurement accuracy within 2% for soil moisture content of 0~50%, the requirements and specifications of the microwave radiometer and its receiver are drawn. The receiver with high gain, high sensitivity is designed and implemented to satisfy these requirements and specifications. The receiver has the bandwidth of 40 MHz, the system gain of 50 dB and the sensitivity of average value 0.19 K, maximum value 0.313K at 1390 MHz.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 1990

Internal mass transfer during osmotic concentration of apples in sugar solutions was exami-ned as a function of concentration temperature and immersion time of those solutions using moisture loss sugar gain molality and rate parameter. Influence of osmotic concentration processes on browning reaction was also evaluated compared to control In creasin the concen-tration and temperature of sugar solutions increased moistrue loss sugar gain molality and rate parameter. Water loss was rapid early in the process and then levelled off, The same phenomena were occurred on sugar gain only in higher concentration(60$^{\circ}$ brix). IN lower concentration (30$^{\circ}$brix) sugar gain was gradually increased during whole process. Moisture loss during osmotic concentration using a sugar solution(60$^{\circ}$ brix 6$0^{\circ}C$) with 180min immer-sion time was 45.79% Effect of osmotic concentration befor air dried to 4% M.C(wet basis) on browning reaction was significant. Minimum browning reaction during air drying was carried out using a pretreatment such as osmotic concentration in sugar solution(60$^{\circ}$brix 45$^{\circ}C$) with 150min immersion time(O.D=0.01) compared to control(O.D=0.17)

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.72-78
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• 1997

A free space transmission method using standard gain horn antennas in the frequency range from 9.0 to 10.5GHz is applied to determine the dielectric properties of grain such as rough rice ,brown rice and barley. The dielectric constant and loss factor, which depend on the moisture content of the wetted grain are obtained from the measured attenuation and phase shift by vector network analyzer. The moisture content of grain varied from 11 to 25% based on this wetted condition. The measured values of dielectric constants as a function of moisture density are compared with values of those obtained using he predicted model for estimating dielectric constants of grain. The effect of density fluctuation, high is an important parameter governing the dielectric properties of grain, on the dielectric constant and loss factor is presented. A new density-independent model in terms of measured attenuation an moisture density is proposed of reducing the effects of density fluctuation on the moisture content measurement.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 2011

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary moisture content on the growth and gastrointestinal evacuation of sub-adult olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in the summer and winter seasons. In the first experiment, three experimental diets containing different moisture levels (7%, 15%) and additives were prepared by adding water and commercial additives (1% nutrients, 1% digestives) to commercial extruded pellets. Fish (initial weight: $332{\pm}9.2$ g) were distributed randomly into six 3000 L tanks (25 fish/tank) in a flow-through tank system. Two replicate groups of fish were fed the experimental diets to satiation for 14 weeks during the summer season ($21.4{\pm}2.5^{\circ}C$). Survival, weight gain, feed efficiency, and daily feed intake did not differ significantly among groups. In the second experiment, two experimental diets containing different moisture levels (8%, 23%) were prepared by adding water to commercial extruded pellets. Fish (initial weight: $646{\pm}6.7$ g) were randomly distributed into six 3000 L tanks (20 fish/tank) in a flow-through tank system. Three replicate groups of fish were fed the experimental diets to satiation for 19 weeks during the winter season ($12.2{\pm}1.2^{\circ}C$). Weight gain, feed efficiency, and daily feed intake did not differ significantly among groups. Gastrointestinal evacuation rates were determined after the end of the winter feeding trials. The stomach contents of fish fed diets containing different moisture levels peaked within 3 h after feeding and then decreased gradually over 40 h to approach pre-feeding levels. Intestinal contents began to accumulate 3 h after feeding and reached a maximum at 32 h, then declined until nearly complete evacuation around 56 h. The stomach contents reached moisture levels of approximately 70% within 3 h after feeding and then increased gradually. No considerable difference in moisture levels was observed in the stomach contents of fish fed diets with different moisture contents. The results of this study suggest that the gastric evacuation of sub-adult olive flounder was not affected by dietary moisture level and the addition of water to the diet had no beneficial effect on the growth of sub-adult olive flounder in the summer and winter seasons.