• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.248-257
• /
• 2019

On this study, we have observed the change of the gel nail morphology as the time elapse and measured the surface roughness/volume, moisture content/purcutaneous moisture vaporizing amount of the nail surface before gel nail treatment and after gel nail removing of the 100%acetone remover, 5%acetone remover and 0%acetone remover and the avocado non acetone remover for the comparison of the effect on the nail surface and the degree of the removing of the gel nail of the removers as the acetone contents. The removing ability were the order of 100%acetone remover, avocado non acetone remover, 5%acetone remover and the 0%acetone remover. There were no statistical significance difference in the nail surface roughness comparision before and after gel nail removing in 5%acetone, 0%acetone and avocado non acetone, and there was no statistical significance difference in the nail surface volume comparision before and after gel nail removing in 0%acetone. We measured the moisture content of the nail surface and the purcutaneous moisture vaporizing amount before gel nail treatment and after gel nail removing, resulted that, the decrease of the moisture content of the nail surface after removing the gel nail is the minimun and the increase of the purcutaneous moisture vaporizing amount of the nail surface after removing the gel nail is the minimun at the case of 0%acetone. In conclusion, 5%acetone remover and 0%acetone remover is possible to use as the gel nail remover and they had revealed that there was the least harmful effect on the nail. We hope that this study is utilized to the development of the non acetone remover and the basic research of the nail beauty industry.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2017.05a
• /
• pp.198-198
• /
• 2017

Climate change causes unpredictable and erratic climatic patterns which affects crop production in agriculture and threatens public health. To cope with the challenges of climate change, sustainable and sound growth environment for crop production should be secured. Recent attention has been given to the development of smart irrigation system using sensors and wireless network as a solution to achieve water conservation as well as improvement in crop yield and quality with less water and labor. This study developed the smart irrigation technique for farmlands by monitoring the soil moisture contents and real-time climate condition for decision-making support. Central to this design is micro-controller which monitors the farm condition and controls the distribution of water on the farm. In addition, a series of laboratory studies were conducted to determine the optimal irrigation pattern, one time versus plug time. This smart technique allows farmers to reduce water use, improve the efficiency of irrigation systems, produce more yields and better quality of crops, reduce fertilizer and pesticide application, improve crop uniformity, and prevent soil erosion which eventually reduce the nonpoint source pollution discharge into aquatic-environment.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 2018

PURPOSES : This study determined the optimal usage rate of RAP (reclaimed asphalt pavement) using cold central-plant recycling (CCPR) on a road-surface layer. In addition, a mixture-aggregate gradation design and a curing method based on the proposed rate for the surface-layer mix design were proposed. METHODS : First, current research trends were investigated by analyzing the optimum moisture content, mix design, and quality standards for surface layers in Korea and abroad. To analyze the aggregate characteristics of the RAP, its aggregate-size characteristics were analyzed through the combustion asphalt content test and the aggregate sieve analysis test. Moreover, aggregate-segregation experiments were performed to examine the possibility of RAP aggregate segregation from field compaction and vehicle traffic. After confirming the RAP quality standards, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, aggregate-gradation design and quality tests were conducted for mixtures with 40% and 50% RAP usage. The optimum moisture content of the surface-layer mixture containing RAP was tested, as was the evapotranspiration effect on the surface-layer mixture of the optimum moisture content. RESULTS : After analyzing the RAP recycled aggregate size and extraction aggregate size, 13-8mm aggregate was found to be mostly 8mm aggregate after combustion. After using surface-chipping and mixing methods to examine the possibility of RAP aggregate segregation, it was found that the mixing method contributed very little for 3.32%, and because the surface-chipping method applied compaction energy directly as the maximum assumption the separation ratio was 15.46%. However, the composite aggregate gradation did not change. Using a 40% RAP aggregate rate on the surface-layer mixture for cold central-plant recycling satisfied the Abroad quality standard. The optimum moisture content of the surface-layer mixture was found to be 7.9% using the modified Marshall compaction test. It was found that the mixture was over 90% cured after curing at $60^{\circ}C$ for two days. CONCLUSIONS : To use the cold central-plant recycling mixture on a road-surface layer, a mixture-aggregate gradation design was proposed as the RAP recycled aggregate size without considering aggregate segregation, and the RAP optimal usage rate was 40%. In addition, the modified Marshall compaction test was used to determine the optimum moisture content as a mix-design parameter, and the curing method was adapted using the method recommended by Asphalt Recycling & Reclaiming Association (ARRA).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.65-68
• /
• 2001

This study was conducted to develop a soil moisture meter using capacitance probe. A parallel cylinder type capacitance probe (C-probe) was fabricated The 5 MHz of crystal oscillator was constructed to detect the capacitance change of the C-probe with moist soil. A third order polynomial regression model for volumetric water content having oscillation frequency changes at 5 MHz as independent variables presented the determination coefficient of 0.979 and root mean square error of $0.031\;cm^{3}cm^{3}$ for all soil samples. A prototype soil moisture meter consisting of the sample container, C-probe, oscillator, frequency counter and related signal procession units presented the correlation coefficient of 0.987 and the root mean square error of $0.032\;cm^{3}cm^{3}$ as compared with the oven drying method for unknown soil samples.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.28-33
• /
• 2022

In this study, the curing characteristics of commonly used Hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene(HTPB)-based solid propellant according to the curing temperature and Equivalent ratio change were investigated. In addition, the effect of curing reaction according to their ratio and content in the Triphenyl bismuth(TPB), Maleic anhydride(MA) and Magnesium oxide(MgO) catalyst systems was confirmed. Finally, moisture was added for each propellant mixing process to check the effect of moisture on propellant curing.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.407-419
• /
• 2014

The analysis of shape before and after heating, Surface moisture content, Moisture weight change and surface heat distribution by fixed type microwave heating in forms of flat veneer and veneer roll of Korean pine, pitch pine, larch and yellow poplar was conducted. The results were as follows: In case of flat veneer, the quality after microwave heating was comparatively good, but it was somewhat warped. These phenomena may be due to transformation by nonuniform drying stress and stronger effect of local irradiation on the veneers when heating veneer owing to the characteristics of fixed type microwave equipment. In case of the features of roll-shaped veneer heated by microwave, the quality after heating was comprehensively excellent. Especially there was no warping unlike flat veneer. Heat distribution and diffusion were also very stable for roll-shaped veneer and such heat distribution had much influence on surface moisture content and moisture weight loss. Accordingly, the veneer roll would show sufficient drying efficiency in fixed type microwave equipment through a scrutinized examination on generating power and irradiation time according to species and thickness of veneer.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.340-346
• /
• 2013

Study on clean and efficient utilization technology for low rank coal with high moisture content is actively ongoing due to limited reserves of petroleum and of high grade coal and serious climate change caused by fossil fuel usage. In the present study, supercritical water gasification of low rank coal was performed. With increasing reaction temperature, content of combustible gases such as $H_2$ and $CH_4$ in the syngas increased while the $CO_2$ content decreased. As the reaction pressure increased from 210 to 300 bar, the $CO_2$ content in the syngas increased while the hydrocarbon gas content decreased. The $H_2$ and $CH_4$ content in the syngas increased slightly with pressure. With the addition of Pd, Pt, and Ru catalysts, it was possible to improve the production of $H_2$. Moreover, the increase of active metal content in the catalyst increased the $H_2$ productivity. The Ru catalyst shows the best performance for increasing the $H_2$ content in the syngas, while decreasing the $CO_2$ content.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2021

As interest in skin care increases, this study aims to contribute to the development of the beauty self-care market by providing basic data through the measurement of the oil and moisture skin condition of women in their 20s and 30s. The study was conducted from November 27, 2020 to January 31, 2021, with 20 women in their 20s and 30s divided into 4 groups, A~D, by age, 5 per group. Skin measurements were taken four times at 4 hour intervals at 0H, 4H, 8H, and 12H based on the first measurement that was taken within 30 minutes after waking up, and the oil and moisture indices were observed over time. As a result, both T and U zones showed significant differences in moisture levels over time, with no difference between groups for both T and U zones. Moisture decreased the most between 0H to 4H, and moisture changed the least between 4H to 8H. Changes in moisture increased the similar at 0H and 12H. The oil condition changed more irregularly compared to moisture over time, but all groups showed lower oil content in the U-zone compared to the T-zone. Overall, the facial oil and moisture conditions of women in their 20s and 30s changed over time, indicating that the skin changes in real time. The fact that the skin data, which was measured in the primary activity living environment, can be used as basic research data in the beauty self-care market is meaningful.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.99-107
• /
• 1981

Physical, chemical and microbiological changes were periodically studied during six-month storage of fresh ginseng under N2, CO2 gas or subatmospheric pressure condition. The results were summarized as follows. 1. The moisture contents of fresh ginseng gradually decreased during the first 2-month storage and thereafter generally reached at equillibrium. 2. There was no significant change in the reducing sugar content in 1-month storage, followed by$.$a decrease in between 2-and 3-month storage. Thereafter, the reducing sugar content increased at the end of 4-month storage. 3. The total sugar content increased significantly during the first 3-month storage. Under CO2 and Nr gas storage, the total sugar content gradually decreased after 3-month storage, while no significant change was observed in the samples stored under subatmospheric Pressure. Amylase activity gradually decreased as storage period increased 4. The content of saponin decreased as storage period increased, but ginsengoide Rf, Rd, Rc and Rb2 increased significantly in 1-month storage. 5. Regardless of storage methods, sprouting of ginseng and growth of microorganisms were inhibited in all samples during the first 4-month storage. However, growth of microorganisms was observed in the rhizome and injured areas of ginseng after 5-month storage in the N2 and CO2 gas atmosphere.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.478-483
• /
• 1996

We investigated the changes of composition in immature green persimmon during cold(7$^{\circ}C$) and freezing (-2$0^{\circ}C$) storage for 30 days. Moisture, protein, fat and carbohydrate were not significantly different by storage temperature and storage days. Crude fiber had little change during freezing storage, but in case of cold storage, as storage time goes by, it slightly deceased. Content of polyphenol was increased during cold and freezing storage, especially during cold storage it was remarkably increased. Content of total pectin was decreased, while content of soluble pectin was increased during cold storage. Content of total pectin and soluble pectin was slightly decreased or increased during freeze storage. Content of tannin had little change during freezing storage but it significantly decreased during cold storage.