• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1999년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.496-499
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• 1999

This paper describes a medular neural network(MNN) for a vision system which tracks a given object using a sequence of images from a camera unit. The MNN is used to precisely recognize the given robot endeffector and to minize the processing time. Since the robot endeffector can be viewed in many different shapes in 3-D space, a MNN structure, which contains a set of feedforwared neural networks, co be more attractive in recognizing the given object. Each single neural network learns the endeffector with a cluster of training patterns. The training patterns for a neural network share the similar charateristics so that they can be easily trained. The trained MNN is less sensitive to noise and it shows the better performance in recognizing the endeffector. The recognition rate of MNN is enhanced by 14% over the single neural network. A vision system with the MNN can precisely recognize the endeffector and place it at the center of a display for a remote operator.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.141-154
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• 2006

Recently, the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) has gained considerable attention as a novel technique of signal processing, which shows promise for the system identification and damage detection of structures. This study investigates the effectiveness and accuracy of the HHT method for the system identification and damage detection of structures through a series of experiments. A multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) structural model has been constructed with modular members, and the columns of the model can be replaced or removed to simulate damages at different locations with different severities. The measured response data of the structure due to an impulse loading is first decomposed into modal responses using the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) approach with a band-pass filter technique. Then, the Hilbert transform is subsequently applied to each modal response to obtain the instantaneous amplitude and phase angle time histories. A linear least-square fit procedure is used to identify the natural frequencies and damping ratios from the instantaneous amplitude and phase angle for each modal response. When the responses at all degrees of freedom are measured, the mode shape and the physical mass, damping and stiffness matrices of the structure can be determined. Based on a comparison of the stiffness of each story unit prior to and after the damage, the damage locations and severities can be identified. Experimental results demonstrate that the HHT method yields quite accurate results for engineering applications, providing a promising tool for structural health monitoring.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제8B권6호
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• pp.699-704
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 혼성 모듈 구조의 recurrent 시간지연신경회로망(time-delay neural network)과 HMM(hidden Markov model)을 결합한 음성인식을 위한 새로운 구조에 대해 연구하였다. 시간지연신경회로망에서는 윈도우 크기를 확장하는 것이 인식률 향상에 유리하므로 이를 위해 첫 번째 은닉층에 궤환 구조를 사용하여 윈도우 크기를 실제로 크게 하지 않고도 동일한 효과를 얻을 수 있도록 하였다. 다음 이 시간지연신경망에서 입력된 음소의 특징 벡터의 시간에 따라 변화하는 성질을 잘 처리 할 수 있도록 시간지연신경회로망의 입력층을 복수의 상태로 나누어 음소특징의 시간축에 대한 각 상태마다 특징 감지기를 갖도록 하였다. 이때 시간지연신경회로망은 전체 음성인식 영역에 적용될 수 있도록 모듈 방식의 구조로 구성되었다. 그리고 이 모듈 구조 시간지연신경망의 출력 벡터를 HMM에 연결하여 서로 결합 하므로써 양 구조의 장점을 취하는 혼성 구조의 인식시스템을 구성하였고 이때 이 혼성 구조에서 효율적으로 적용할 수 있는 HMM 파라미터 smoothing 방법을 제시하였다.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2001

[ $GF(2^m)$ ]의 기약 3항식인 $x^m+x+1$을 이용한 승산기 알고리즘은 Mastrovito에 의해 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 기약 3항식 $x^m+x+1$에서 1$GF(2^m)$상의 원시 기약 3 항식을 전개하여 회로를 간략화 하였으며, 제안된 승산기 설계는 규칙적이며 모듈러 구조, 그리고 간단한 제어신호를 요하기 때문에 VLSI 실현이 용이하다고 사료된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2001

This study was performed to search for the geometrical principles in modern architecture and design based on Frobel's educational idea and Kindergarten system. Especially, it studies on the geometrical principles of Froebel's building gifts and it's types, and then illustrates applied examples in modern architecture and design. As the architectural scope, the architecture and design theory of Frank Lloyd Wright and Bauhaus in early 20th century is analyzed. The conclusions of this study that starts these purpose are as follows. First, Froebel's educational theory is based on principles and rules which are perceived through the observation of nature, and Froebel's Kindergarten system consists of geometrical building gifts and categories of geometrical forms. Second, the characteristics of Froebel's building gifts are mathematical size, proportion, symmetry and the rules of spatial relation. Third, the influence of Froebel's kindergarten system on Bauhaus is that it based on the rational rules of $\bigtriangleup\square\bigcirc$ organized by geometrical basic forms as like Froebel's educational idea. And the influence of Froebel's Kindergarten system on Frank Lloyd Wright is that he used unit system, unity of space and structure and modular system as like the Froebel's building gifts.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.42-51
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• 2014

The research aims to analyze the structural meaning of mobility design on 'Furnitecture' with the works of Andrea Zittel. The study consists of the literature review and the analysis of Zittel's works. The framework for the analysis is divided into four steps: identification of visual forms/structure/function, analysis of the principles of delivering the concept of mobility, interpretation & synthesis of the relational meanings derived from the concepts of mobility, and evaluation of Zittel's tendency toward design/social background/design history, etc. Total fifteen cases are selected from Zittel's works, and each case is analyzed following the above steps. The finding shows that Zittel likes to play with geometrical forms, grid & modular system to create a minimum space for living equipped with critical furnishing. Secondly, Zittel's works deliver the concept of mobility by applying movability, adaptation, combination and transformation. Thirdly, through the concepts of mobility, Zittel reflects the ideas of high efficiency and functionalism, harmony with natural environment, search for liberty, simple & humble life and success of the designers of American modernism. Finally, it is found that modernism from the era of Bauhaus, utopian values derived from constructionism, utilitarianism inspired by Shakers and homestead act & mobile home/capsule unit suggested since 19th century in America mainly affect Zittel's works to reflect the dynamic concepts of mobility through the design of furnitecture.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.237-240
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• 2005

Nowadays living space has been small-sized due to a rise in the standard of living, change of recognition on the increase of housing for the singles, and frequent movements of duty place, etc. and the furnitures naturally evolved assembly and multi-functionality. However, it retuned with an economic charge in the consumers and lost the uniformity in a small-sized living space as well since the furniture depended on the each miscellaneous household goods or products and came to be used. Hereupon it was demanded the system where the various furnitures are to fit to here. This study aimed at this point firstly examined a new environment change which it follows till a small living space is demanded through lots of literature, after understanding the concept of the system furniture, I classified expressive types of system furniture in modern environment and analyzed the design quality and characteristics in it by selecting well-known furniture magazines inside and outside of the country and extracting and analyzing system furniture images which are recorded in advertisements or articles. The objective of this study is to present MMC(Multi Modular Coordination, a system furniture design based on this analysis that inquiring the problems with function, structure, assembly which other existing system furnitures are facing enabled to apply a basic data in unit-module planning and by sampling embodiment modeling by uses.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2024

Ensuring an automated fallback strategy in response to malfunctions during the execution of the Dynamic Driving Task (DDT) is imperative for Level 4 autonomous driving systems. While Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) represents a prominent Fail-Operational structure, its practical application to multiple systems is constrained by the substantial increase in costs. In this paper, we propose a pragmatic Fail-Operational safety concept utilizing on-board camera sensors and the Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication module, known as the On-Board Unit (OBU), to provide traffic signal information within the vehicle. The viability of the designed safety concept is validated through error injection simulations. This approach addresses the practical limitations associated with applying Fail-Operational functionality to numerous systems due to the considerable cost escalation. Leveraging camera sensors and V2I communication modules presents a practical and cost-effective solution for maintaining operational safety in Level 4 autonomous driving systems, particularly when responding to malfunctions in the DDT.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.108-113
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• 2004

Marinas are often located in prime port side locations. hi Korea these locations are already developed and reclamation of the existing properties poses many difficulties and financial overhead. Also, to develop a standard marina in Korea with tide ranges up to 6 meters would require considerable dredging and reclamation works needing long lead times and large SOC costs. The Ocean Space's floating marina system is an independent offshore floating static level system that does not require fixed location breakwaters. The entire marina floats with the tide giving a calm consistent berthing condition for vessels irrespective of the surrounding tide and weather conditions. The floating marina system provides also for all of functions needed to marina comprising a breakwater to protect the vessels, the pontoon system to house the vessels, a dub house and retail tourism precinct, fuel reservoir and associated support facilities in a turn key self contained unit. The modular nature of the system will mean that initial demand can be met with simple units and then further modules can be added quite easily without the related expansion difficulties or infrastructure. This paper contains the main characteristics of the floating marina system and tire design process of the structure. The mooring, motion & stability analysis, the overall & local structural design and the mooring & anchor system design are introduced in this paper.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1861-1871
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• 1994

본 논문에서는 농담구조소(濃淡構造素)(GSE, grayscale structuring element)를 갖는 형태학 필터의 실시간 처리를 위한 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리즘에서는 GSE로부터 유도된 basis matrix와 입력 샘플들로 구성된 input matrix를 이용하여 각 형태학 연산들을 소역행렬연산(local matrix operation)으로 새롭게 정의하고 있는데, 이를 이용하여 opening이나 closing과 같은 복합 형태학 연산들을 실시간으로 처리할 수 있음을 보였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 복원 형태학 연산들을 erosion과 dilation의 직렬조합(cascade combination)으로 처리하던 기존의 방법에 비해 적은 메모리를 필요로 하면서도, 출력을 얻기까지의 지연(遲延)(delay)이 훨씬 적다는 장점을 갖는다. 또한 본 논문에서는 형태학 필터를 VLSI로 구현하기 위한 효율적 방안을 제안하였다. 제안된 방법에서는 p-bit으로 표현되는 신호에 대한 형태학 연산을 p개의 이진(binary) 형태학 연산자들의 조합으로 구현하였는데, 각 이진 연산자들은 MSB(most significant bit)부터 순차적으로 (bit-serial approach) 해당 레벨의 bit들을 처리하여 출력을 부를 구조로 이루어져 있다. 본 논문에서는 형태학 필터의 VLSI 구현에 있어서 제안된 방법이 기존의 Threshold Decomposition 방법 등에 비해 보다 효율적이라는 것을 보였다.