• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.962-969
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• 2010

The purpose of this investigation was to confirm the effect of Nelumbinis Semen on the recovery of the cardiac muscle activity. We studied the effect of Nelumbinis Semen on the recovery of ischemic SD rat hearts perfused with Nelumbinis Semen, using a model of ex-vivo perfusion (Non-working Langendorff perfusion system) and working heart perfusion system at the same time. To explore the effect of Nelumbinis Semen at the level of proteome, two-dimensional electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF analysis were performed. We found out that the proteins increased after perfusion of Nelumbinis Semen are Mitochondrial aconitase, ATP synthase alpha chain, Lactate dehydrogenase B, Creatine kinase, Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, Alpha B-crystallin, Myosin and Heart fatty acid binding protein. Almost, all of them are concerned with ATP production in the cardiac muscle with glucose metabolism.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 2013

Demands for semiconductor devices are dramatically increasing, and advancements in fabrication technology are allowing a step-up in the number of devices per unit area. As a result, semiconductor devices require higher heat dissipation, and thus, cooling solutions have become important for guaranteeing their operational reliability. In particular, in chip-in-board packages, in which chips and passives are embedded in the substrates for efficient device layout, heat dissipation is of greater importance. In this study, a thermal model for layers of different materials has been proposed, and then, the heat transfer has been simulated by imposing a set of appropriate boundary conditions. Heat generation can be predicted based on the results, which will be utilized as practical data for actual package design.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.3916-3936
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• 2014

Smartphone applications like games, image processing, e-commerce and social networking are gaining exponential growth, with the ubiquity of cellular services. This demands increased computational power and storage from mobile devices with a sufficiently high bandwidth for mobile internet service. But mobile nodes are highly constrained in the processing and storage, along with the battery power, which further restrains their dependability. Adopting the unlimited storage and computing power offered by cloud servers, it is possible to overcome and turn these issues into a favorable opportunity for the growth of mobile cloud computing. As the mobile internet data traffic is predicted to grow at the rate of around 65 percent yearly, even advanced services like 3G and 4G for mobile communication will fail to accommodate such exponential growth of data. On the other hand, developers extend popular applications with high end graphics leading to smart phones, manufactured with multicore processors and graphics processing units making them unaffordable. Therefore, to address the need of resource constrained mobile nodes and bandwidth constrained cellular networks, the computations can be migrated to resourceful servers connected to cloud. The server now acts as a bridge that should enable the participating mobile nodes to offload their computations through Wi-Fi directly to the virtualized server. Our proposed model enables an on-demand service offloading with a decision support system that identifies the capabilities of the client's hardware and software resources in judging the requirements for offloading. Further, the node's location, context and security capabilities are estimated to facilitate adaptive migration.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.278-283
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• 2003

Feasibility tests on using liposomes for detecting food-borne pathogenic bacteria were studied with E. coli 0157:H7 as a model analyte. lmmunoliposomes, whose surface was conjugated with anti-E. coli 0157:H7 IgG and which encapsulated the marker dye, sulforhodamine B, were used for the detection label. Among the feasibility tests, the first test was to use a test-strip on which antibodies to anti-E. coli O157:H7 IgG were immobilized. In this format, immunoliposomes that did not bind to E. coli O157:H7 in sample were captured and then exhibited a visible signal which was inversely related with the number of E. coli O157:H7 in sample. The second test was a direct liposome assay followed by immunomagnetic separation. In this format, immunoliposomes which were bound to E. coli O157:H7 were lysed with detergent and produced a signal which was proportionally related with the number of E. coli O157:H7 in sample. The results from both formats indicate that liposomes can be utilized as a detection label.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.754-762
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• 2012

Colbricon Superiore and Inferiore are two small adjacent high-mountain lakes located in the Paneveggio Natural Park (Italy) that offer the rare opportunity to study two iso-ecologic water environments differing only by area and volume in a ratio of 2:1 and 3:1, respectively. We took advantage of this setting to investigate phytoplankton dynamics, compare variability and productivity differences between the two basins, and assess size-dependent issues. The phytoplankton group of the Dinophyceae was chosen as the indicator organisms of ecological perturbation owing to their high sensitivity to environmental variations, as well as their acknowledged nature of versatile proxy to report global climatic changes. The study was conducted for over 10 years with fortnightly samplings. Results indicated that (a) the Dinophyceae communities in the smaller lake were significantly more resistant to changes exerted by the fluctuation of lakewater transparency and pH; and (b) the smaller lake sustained a consistently higher production with an average Dinophyceae density 1.73 fold higher than that of the larger lake. The coefficients of variation show that the chemical parameters in the smaller lake display higher time-related fluctuation while being spatially homogeneous and that such conditions correlate with a higher stability of the Dinophyceae assemblage. The use of this setting is also proposed as a model to test relationships between ecosystem production and physical stability.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.100-106
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• 2011

Background: Disparities of Minor H antigens can induce graft rejection after MHC-matched transplantation. H60 has been characterized as a dominant antigen expressed on hematopoietic cells and considered to be an ideal model antigen for study on graft-versus-leukemia effect. Methods: Splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice immunized with H60 congenic splenocytes were used for establishment of H60-specific CTL clones. Then the clones were characterized for proliferation capacity and cytotoxicity after stimulation with H60. Clone #14, #15, and #23 were tested for the TCR binding avidity to H60-peptide/$H-2K^b$ and analyzed for TCR sequences. Results: H60-specific CTL clones showed different levels of proliferation capacity and cytotoxic activity to H60-stimulation. Clones #14, #15, and #23 showed high proliferation activity, high cytotoxicity, and low activities on both aspects, respectively, and have TCRs with different binding avidities to H60-peptide/$H-2K^b$ with $t_{1/2}$ values of 4.87, 6.92, and 13.03 minutes, respectively. The TCR usages were $V{\alpha}12D-3-01+J{\alpha}11-01$ and $V{\beta}12-1-01+D{\beta}1-01+J2-7-01$ for clone #14, $V{\alpha}13D-1-02+J{\alpha}34-02$ and $V{\beta}13-1-02+D{\beta}2-01+J{\beta}2-7-01$ for clone #15, and $V{\alpha}16D+J{\alpha}45-01$ and $V{\beta}12-1-01+D{\beta}1-01+J{\beta}2-5-01$ for clone #23. Conclusion: The results will be useful for modeling GVL and generation TCR transgenic mouse.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.12
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• pp.1051-1056
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• 2014

After hot rolling, a high-temperature steel plate with a temperature higher than $800^{\circ}C$ is rapidly cooled by multiple circular water jets. In this cooling process, because the temperature of the steel plate is much higher than the boiling point of the cooling water, film-boiling heat transfer occurs and a very thin steam layer forms between the plate surface and the cooling water. The steam layer acts as a thermal resistance that prevents heat transfer between the cooling water and the steel plate. In addition to the film-boiling heat transfer, complex physical phenomena such as the free-surface flow of residual water that accumulated on the material and the material's high-speed motion also occur in the cooling process. In this study, the simultaneous cooling process of the upper and lower sides of a running hot steel strip is investigated using a three-dimensional numerical model and the cooling performances and characteristics of the upper-side cooling and lower-side cooling are compared.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.1013-1021
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• 2003

Anemia, the condition of the diminished concentration of hemoglobin per erythrocyte is common in patients with cancer and is a frequent complication of myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Cham-Dang-Gui (Angelicae Gigantis Radix) has been used in traditional Korean medicine to treat hematologic deficiencies. In this study, Cyclophosphamide (CYP), an alkylating agent that has a broad spectrum of anti-cancer activities, was intraperitoneally injected into the experimental animals to suppress the bone marrow thereafter, causing anemia. The hemopoietic effects of Cham-Dang-Gui were examined using anemic rat model. Rats were divided into five groups: CON (control group), ANS (CYP-injected + normal diet), AND (CYP-injected + normal diet + Cham-Dang-Gui), ALS (CYP-injected + low iron diet), and ALD (CYP-injected + low iron diet + Cham- Dang-Gui) groups. CYP (30 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected to rats for 3 days to induce anemic condition. Saline or Cham-Dang-Gui was administrated orally during the entire experimental period. CYP injection decreased body weight gain and food consumption in comparison with CON group. Oral administration of Cham-Dang-Gui extract with normal iron diet significantly prevented the lower body weight gain. The blood level of hemoglobin, iron status (serum iron, transferrin, ferritin and TIBC) and blood level of vitamin B-12 in Cham-Dang-Gui treated groups were significantly higher than those of Cham-Dang-Gui untreated groups regardless of amount of iron in the diet. Taken together, it could be concluded that the Cham-Dang-Gui extract could improve anemic condition induced by CYP injection by improving hematological value, iron status and vitamin B12 status in rats.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.109-120
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• 1997

In order to elucidate roles of lactic acid bacteria(LAB) for the antibiosis occurring in th fermenting environment of Kimchi, 2.052 strains of LAB were isolated from Kimchi. Fifty tow strains which showed antagonistic effect against 4 indicator strains were finally selected and investigated. Based upon responses to protease treatment, antibiosis of the 52 strains of LAB were classified into 3 types. Type A antibiosis resulted from action of antibiotic-like substances which were not affected by protease treatment and which had broad action spectra against even natural inhabitants of Kimchi. Type B antibiosis was due to bacteriocin-like substances which were very sensitive to treatment of protease and more effective against foreign bacteria than original inhabitant microflora. Type C antibiosis was owing to proteinaceous compounds which were activated or induced by the presence of protease and then exerted antibacterial activities. Therefore, lactic acid bacteria appeared to contribute to antibiosis of Kimchi by the concerted action of these three different types of antibacterial compounds. As one of model system for type B bacteriocin, the antagonistic compound produced by LAB31-9 as well as th producer strain itself was further charaacterized. Strain LAB31-9 was identified as L. casei. Bacteriocin produced by LAB31-9 was proteinaceous and stable over wide range of pH and to various solvents, but very labile to heat treatment. Its mode of action was bactericidal. Based upon these data, bacteriocin produced by LAB31-9 was named as 'caseicin K319'. Genetic determinant for the bacteriocin production of LAB31-9 was located in the chromosome.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.229-229
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• 2015

Downscaling is a fundamental procedure in the assessment of the future climate change impact at regional and watershed scales. Hence, it is important to investigate the spatial variability of the climate conditions that are constructed by various downscaling methods in order to assess whether each method can model the climate conditions at various spatial scales properly. This study introduces a fundamental research from Jang and Kavvas(2015) that precipitation variability from a popular statistical downscaling method (BCSD) and a dynamical downscaling method (MM5) that is based on the NCAR/NCEP reanalysis data for a historical period and on the CCSM3 GCM A1B emission scenario simulations for a projection period, is investigated by means of some spatial characteristics: a) the normalized standard deviation (NSD), and b) the precipitation change over Northern California region. From the results of this study it is found that the BCSD method has limitations in projecting future precipitation values since the BCSD-projected precipitation, being based on the interpolated change factors from GCM projected precipitation, does not consider the interactions between GCM outputs and local geomorphological characteristics such as orographic effects and land use/cover patterns. As such, it is not clear whether the popular BCSD method is suitable for the assessment of the impact of future climate change at regional, watershed and local scales as the future climate will evolve in time and space as a nonlinear system with land-atmosphere feedbacks. However, it is noted that in this study only the BCSD procedure for the statistical downscaling method has been investigated, and the results by other statistical downscaling methods might be different.