• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.158-161
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• 2006

The purpose of this research is to establish the crosstalk characteristic of mm-wave Coplanar structure. The components in mm-wave CPW are classified to transmission devices, EM devices, and quasi - TEM devices. After design of these devices, we analyzed these CPW s electromagnetically using FDTD method, and suggested the corsstalk characteristic of mm-wave CPW. In oder to realize a CPW module up to 30 GHz-100 GHz band, we research on a technology of 3-dimensional mm-wave CPW, and GaAs substrate with ohmic lossy layer. As a result this research, we suggested the optimum crosstalk characteristic of mm-wave CPW, and improved the crosstalk quality of mm-wave CPW.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.248-250
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• 1999

이동 통신의 발달로 가속화된 고주파 반도체 소자 기술 중 새로운 가능성을 가진 mm-wave 대역의 주용 응용 분야를 살펴보았다. 향후 이 분야의 응용을 위한 소요 기술, 주요 소자 기술을 살펴보고 국내의 기술 동향을 알아보았다. 국내 연구 기관 중 LG 종합기술원에서 mm-wave 분야의 기술 개발 방향 및 최근의 개발 결과를 소개하였다.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 2020

Numerous wearable technology companies have recently developed several headmounted display (HMD) products for virtual reality (VR) services. 5G wireless networks aim at providing high-quality 3D multimedia services such as VR, augmented reality, and mixed reality. In this study, we examine the application of millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology to realize low-latency wireless communication between an HMD and its content server. However, the propagation characteristics of mmWave present several challenges such as the deafness, blockage, and beam alignment problems, and interference among content servers. In this study, we focus on an environment that provides VR services in the mmWave band and introduce existing techniques for addressing such challenges. In addition, we employ a commercialized IEEE 802.11ad VR dongle to measure the actual data rate of an mmWave VR application and identify the degree to which the performance deteriorates when the above problems occur. Finally, we verify the feasibility of the proposed solutions through a simulation of several VR scenarios in the mmWave band.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.85-96
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• 2017

The research, design, and development of wireless access technologies using the new 6 to 100GHz band mmWave are actively underway in order to address the frequency shortage problem in the sub-6GHz band and accommodate the 5G technical requirements, such as the increased transmission capacity. Technical elements to efficiently overcome the problems caused by mmWave signal characteristics, support an effective interworking with a conventional communication service, and ensure smooth mobility between mmWave base stations and existing base stations are also being investigated. This paper discusses the technical solutions for an mmWave-based 5G RAN configuration and their considerations under various operational scenarios.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.885-902
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• 2022

The mmWave cell-free massive MIMO (CFmMIMO), combining the advantages of wide bandwidth in the mmWave frequency band and the high- and uniform-spectral efficiency of CFmMIMO, has recently emerged as one of the enabling technologies for 6G. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for energy-efficient mmWave CFmMIMO systems that uses low-resolution digital-analog converters (DACs) and phase shifters (PSs) to introduce lowcomplexity hybrid precoding. Additionally, we propose a heuristic pilot allocation scheme that makes the best effort to slash some interference from copilot users. The simulation results show that the proposed hybrid precoding and pilot allocation scheme outperforms the existing schemes. Furthermore, we reveal the relationship between the energy and spectral efficiencies for the proposed mmWave CFmMIMO system by modeling the whole network power consumption and observe that the introduction of low-resolution DACs and PSs is effective in increasing the energy efficiency by compromising the spectral efficiency and the network power consumption.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.439-445
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of plugger penetration depth on the apical extrusion of root canal sealer during root canal obturation with Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique. Root canals of forty extracted human teeth were divided into four groups and were prepared up to size 40 of 0.06 taper with ProFile. After drying. canals of three groups were filled with Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique with System $B^{TM}$ and different plugger penetration depths of 3. 5, and 7 mm from the apex. Canals of one group were filled with cold lateral compaction technique as a control. Canals were filled with non-standardized master gutta-percha cones and 0.02 mL of Sealapex. Apical extruded sealer was collected in a container and weighed. Data was analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range Test. 3 and 5 mm penetration depth groups in Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique showed significantly more extrusion of root canal sealer than 7 mm penetration depth group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between 7 mm depth group in Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique and cold lateral compaction group (p < 0.05). The result of this study demonstrates that deeper plugger penetration depth causes more extrusion of root canal sealer in root canal obturation by Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique. Therefore, special caution is needed when plugger penetration is deeper in the canal in Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique to minimize the amount of sealer extrusion beyond apex.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.589-599
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• 1998

Air side heat transfer and pressure drop for fin-tube heat exchanger with wave and wave-slit fins were measured for various fin spacings and number of tube rows. Outer diameter of the tube including fin collar is 10.07mm, and experiments were done with dry surface condition. Longitudinal and transverse tube spacings of the heat exchangers are 21.65mm and 25mm respectively, and wave depth of the wave fin is 2mm. Experiments were conducted for 1, 2 and 3 rows and 3 different fin spacings, 1.3, 1.5 and 1.7mm. An attempt was made to demonstrate advantage of the enhanced fins over the plane fin by introducing the concept of fan power, Effect of the number of tube rows on heat transfer was discussed in connection with general mechanisms of heat transfer enhancement for fin-tube heat exchanger. Also the effect of hydrophilic coating was investigated. Lastly, correlations for Colburn j-factor and friction factor were developed.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.58-67
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• 2016

이동통신 시스템은 무선 트래픽 공급의 양과 질 양면에서 눈부신 발전을 이루어왔다. 최근 스마트폰, 스마트패드 및 태블릿 pc 등 이동통신 기능을 가진 휴대용 스마트 기기의 급속한 대규모 보급과 늘어난 사용자 트래픽의 증가로 기존 3GHz 이하 대역에서 동작하는 이동통신 시스템은 통신 용량 측면에서 한계에 직면할 것으로 예상된다. 이에 우리나라를 비롯한 중국, 일본 등의 아시아와 유럽, 미국을 중심으로 가용 대역이 풍부한 mmWave의 5세대 이동통신 활용을 위한 연구 및 개발이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본고에서는 mmWave 대역을 위한 5G 표준화 동향과 채널 모델링, mmWave 대역에서 사용될 것으로 예상되는 전송기술 및 현재까지 ETRI를 비롯한 여러 회사에서 개발되거나 개발 중인 mmWave 이동통신 시스템을 소개한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1555-1563
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• 1998

Heat transfer and pressure drop for ${\phi}10.07$ dry surface fin-tube heat exchanger with wave and wave-slit fins were measured for different fin spacings and number of tube rows. Longitudinal and transverse tube spacings of the heat exchangers are 21.65mm and 25mm respectively, and wave depth of wave fin is 1.5mm. The experiments were performed for 4 different fin spacings, 1.3, 1.5, 1.7 and 2.0mm, and the number of tube rows were 1,2 and 3 rows. The present results were compared with the previous results for the wave depth of 2mm. Also hydrophilic coated and bare fins were tested. Correlations for Colburn j-factor and friction factor were developed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1929-1943
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• 2021

Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication based on the wide bandwidth of >28 GHz is one of the key technologies for cellular-connected unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The selection of mmWave beams in such cellular-connected UAVs is challenging and critical, especially when downlink transmissions toward aerial user equipment (UE) suffer from poor signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) more often than their terrestrial counterparts. This study proposed a coordinated mmWave beam selection scheme using fingerprint for cellular-connected UAV. The scheme comprises fingerprint database configuration and coordinated beam selection. In the fingerprint database configuration, the best beam index from the serving cell and interference beam indexes from neighboring cells are stored. In the coordinated beam selection, the best and interference beams are determined using the fingerprint database information instead of performing an exhaustive search, and the coordinated beam transmission improves the SINR for aerial UEs. System-level simulations assess the UAV effect based on the third-generation partnership project-new radio mmWave and UAV channel models. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can reduce the overhead of exhaustive search and improve the SINR and spectral efficiency.