• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2004년도 제28회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.102-111
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• 2004

Partial quenching structure of turbulent diffusion flames in a turbulent mixing layer is investigated by the method of flame hole dynamics to develope a prediction model for the turbulent lift off. The present study is specifically aimed to remedy the problem of the stiff transition of the conditioned partial burning probability across the crossover condition by adopting level-set method which describes propagating or retreating flame front with specified propagation speed. In light of the level-set simulations with two model problems for the propagation speed, the stabilizing conditions for a turbulent lifted flame are suggested. The flame hole dynamics combined with level-set method yields a temporally evolving turbulent extinction process and its partial quenching characteristics is compared with the results of the previous model employing the flame-hole random walk mapping. The probability to encounter reacting' state, conditioned with scalar dissipation rate, demonstrated that the conditional probability has a rather gradual transition across the crossover scalar dissipation rate in contrast to the stiff transition of resulted from the flame-hole random walk mapping and could be attributed to the finite response of the flame edge propagation.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.18-29
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• 2004

Partial quenching structure of diffusion flames in a turbulent mixing layer has been investigated by the method of flame hole dynamics in oder to develope a prediction model for the phenomenon of turbulent flame lift off. The present study is specifically aimed to remedy the shortcoming of the stiff transition of the conditioned partial burning probability across the crossover condition by employing the level-set method which enables us to include the effect of finite flame edge propagation speed. In light of the level-set simulation results with two models for the edge propagation speed, the stabilizing conditions for turbulent lifted flame are suggested. The flame hole dynamics combined with the level-set method yields a temporally evolving turbulent extinction process and its partial quenching characteristics is compared with the results of the previous model employing the flame-hole random walk mapping based on three critical scalar dissipation rates. The probability to encounter reacting state, conditioned with scalar dissipation rate, demonstrated that the conditional probability has a rather gradual transition across the crossover scalar dissipation rate. Such a smooth transition is attributed to the finite response of the flame edge propagation.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2021

This study was performed to calculate the swirl ratio of a diesel engine intake port by a 1D computer simulation under actual engine operating conditions. The swirl ratio of the intake port was simulated according to the change of the engine speed during the operation of the motoring without fuel injection. The swirl ratio of the intake port was simulated according to changes in the crank angle during the four-cycle operation of intake, compression, expansion and exhaust. The swirl ratio represented by the three regions of the piston, center and squish was simulated. Among the three regions, the piston-region swirl ratio is important for effective air-fuel mixing in the engine cylinder. In particular, it was confirmed during the simulation that the piston swirl ratio before and after the compression top dead center (TDC) point when fuel is injected in the DI diesel engine can have a significant effect on the mixing of air and fuel. It was desirable to set the average piston swirl ratio over a crank angle section before and after compression TDC as the representative swirl ratio of the cylinder head intake port according to the change of the engine speed.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.227-232
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to optimize the powder formulation and manufacturing conditions for the solidification of an extract of the herb Bangpungtongseong-san (BPTS). To develop BPTS-loaded particles for the tablet dosage form, various BPTS-loaded particles composed of BPTS, dextrin, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), silicon dioxide, ethanol, and water are prepared using spray-drying and high shear granulation (high-speed mixing). Their physical properties are evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and measurements of the angle of repose, Hausner ratio, Carr's index, hardness, and disintegration time. The optimal BPTS-loaded particles exhibit improved flowability and compressibility. In particular, the BPTS-loaded particles containing silicon dioxide show significantly improved flowability and compressibility (the angle of repose, Hausner ratio, and Carr's index are 35.27 ± 0.58°, 1.18 ± 0.06, and 15.67 ± 1.68%, respectively), hardness (18.97 ± 1.00 KP), and disintegration time (17.60 ± 1.50 min) compared to those without silicon dioxide. Therefore, this study suggests that particles prepared by high-speed mixing can be used to greatly improve the flowability and compressibility of BPTS using MCC and silicon dioxide.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 1998

The results of study on the active control of naturally occurring combustion oscillations with a single dominant frequency in an atmospheric dump combustor are presented. Control was achieved by an oscillatory infection of secondary fuel at the dump plane. A high speed solenoid valve with a maximum frequency of 250Hz was used as the actuator and a sound level meter, located at the combustor exit, measured the pressure fluctuations which served as the feedback signal for the control loop. Instability characteristics were mapped over a range of mean mixing section velocities from 6.7 m/s-9.3 m/s and with three mixing conditions. Different fuel/air mixing conditions were investigated by introducing varying percentages of primary fuel at two locations, one at the entrance to the mixing section and one 6 mixing tube diameters upstream of the dump plane. Control studies were conducted at a mean velocity of 9.3 m/s, with an air temperature of $415^{\circ}C$, and from flame blowout to the stoichiometric condition.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2016

격자 볼츠만법을 이용하여 리튬이온전지의 전극 내 발생하는 전해액 함침 현상에 관하여 연구하였다. 최근 리튬이온전지는 용량 증가 및 에너지밀도 향상을 위하여 전극 설계시 활물질에 미세입자를 혼합하고 있어, 이로 인하여 전해액 함침성에 영향을 미치게 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 활물질 혼합율에 따른 전해액 분포와 포화도 변화를 알아보았다. 활물질 혼합비의 변화는 전극 내 전해액 함침 메커니즘에 영향을 주어, 전해액 함침속도와 함침도가 변화함을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.545-553
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• 2012

본 논문은 옵셋인쇄용 잉크를 자동적으로 교반할 수 있는 시스템의 개발과정을 소개하고 있다. 교반 공정은 페인트, 잉크 등 색을 다루는 많은 산업 분야에서 필요하고, 특히 소량의 고점성 잉크를 섞어서 별색을 제조하기 위한 자동화된 시스템은 해당 산업체에서 크게 필요로 하고 있다. 본 연구에선 공전과 자전에 의한 회전과 벨트 전동 방식으로 잉크를 교반할 수 있는 시스템의 설계, 제작, 실험이 수행 되었다. 회전 방향, 속도, 교반용기의 각도 및 잉크 양 등 다양한 조건에서 실험을 수행함으로써 교반시스템의 성능을 검증하였다. 또한 실험을 통해 잉크 교반에 적합한 조건을 찾음으로써 옵셋 인쇄업체에서 별색 제조용으로 사용이 가능한 방법을 제시하였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.780-788
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• 2013

This study attempted to determine important meteorological parameters related to airborne pollen concentrations in urban areas. Hourly pollen measurement data were prepared from a regular sampling with a volumetric Burkard spore trap at a site in the Ulsan city, during the spring season (March~May) of 2011. Results showed that the daily mean and maximum concentrations for total pollen counts during the spring season were statistically significantly correlated with both air temperature and wind speed; daily mean pollen concentration was the most highly related to daily maximum temperature (r=0.567, p<0.001). It was also identified that pollen concentration has a stronger relationship with wind speed at the rural site than at the urban one, which confirms that strong wind conditions over the pollen sources area can be favorable for pollen dispersal, resulting in increases in airborne pollen concentrations downwind. From the results of an oak-pollen episode analysis, it was found that there was a significant relationship between hourly variation of oak pollen concentrations and dynamic meteorological factors, such as wind and mixing height (representing the boundary layer depth); especially, a strong southwestern wind and elevated mixing height was associated with high nocturnal concentrations of oak pollen. This study suggests that temperature, wind, and mixing height can be important considerations in explaining the pollen concentration variations. Additional examination of complex interactions of multiple meteorological parameters affecting pollen behavior should be carried out in order to better understand and predict the temporal and spatial pollen distribution in urban areas.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2019

Direct Laser Melting (DLM) of $Ti-xTiH_2$ (mixing ratio x = 2, 5, 10 wt.%) blended powder is characterized by producing porous titanium parts. When a high energy laser is irradiated on a $Ti-TiH_2$ blended powder, hydrogen gas ($H_2$) is produced by the accompanying decomposition of the $TiH_2$ powder, and acts as a pore-forming and activator. The hydrogen gas trapped in a rapidly solidified molten pool, which generates porosity in the deposited layer. In this study, the effects of a $TiH_2$ mixing ratio and the associated processing parameters on the development of a porous titanium were investigated. It was determined that as the content of $TiH_2$ increases, the resulting porosity density also increases, due to the increase of $H_2$ produced by $TiH_2$. Also, porosity increases as the scan speed increases. As fast solidified melting pools do not provide enough time for $H_2$ to escape, the faster the scan speed, the more the resulting $H_2$ is captured by the process. The results of this study show that the mixing ratio (x) and laser machining parameters can be adjusted to actively generate and control the porosity of the DLM parts.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.941-950
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• 2008

프로젝터를 사용해서 영상을 프로젝션할 때의 결과는 스크린의 형태나 컬러, 주변 조명 등의 제반 환경에 의해서 달라진다. 원하는 영상을 얻기 위해서는 이러한 환경적인 요소를 고려하여 출력 영상을 화소별로 보정하는 기술이 필요하다. 컬러 보정은 이러한 기술 중 대표적인 것으로 스크린을 카메라로 촬영해서 주변 조명 상태나 스크린의 반사 특성 등에 대한 정보를 화소별로 얻은 뒤, 출력할 대상 영상을 이에 맞게 미리 변형해서 출력하는 기술이다. 이런 연산은 영상의 모든 화소에 대해 각기 다른 연산을 수행해야 되기 때문에 실시간 연산을 위해서는 계산 과정을 간략히 하는 것이 매우 중요한 일이다. 본 논문에서는 컬러 필터를 사용해서 프로젝터-카메라 시스템에서 서로간의 컬러 혼합을 제거함으로써 계산을 간략히 하는 방법을 제안한다. 실험을 통해, 컬러 혼합 요소를 충분히 감소시키면 채널 간 상호 간섭은 무시할 수 있으며, 제시된 방법이 영상 보정 결과의 품질을 유지하면서 계산 속도를 44%가량 증가시킬 수 있음을 보였다. 제시된 방법은 프로젝터를 사용한 대화면, 고화질 영상장치를 위해 중요한 요소 기술이 될 것으로 생각된다.