• Title/Summary/Keyword: mixed-sugar medium

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Production of DagA, a ${\beta}$-Agarase, by Streptomyces lividans in Glucose Medium or Mixed-Sugar Medium Simulating Microalgae Hydrolysate

  • Park, Juyi;Hong, Soon-Kwang;Chang, Yong Keun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.24 no.12
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    • pp.1622-1628
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    • 2014
  • DagA, a ${\beta}$-agarase, was produced by cultivating a recombinant Streptomyces lividans in a glucose medium or a mixed-sugar medium simulating microalgae hydrolysate. The optimum composition of the glucose medium was identified as 25 g/l glucose, 10 g/l yeast extract, and $5g/l\;MgCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$. With this, a DagA activity of 7.26 U/ml could be obtained. When a mixed-sugar medium containing 25 g/l of sugars was used, a DagA activity of 4.81 U/ml was obtained with very low substrate utilization efficiency owing to the catabolic repression of glucose against the other sugars. When glucose and galactose were removed from the medium, an unexpectedly high DagA activity of about 8.7 U/ml was obtained, even though a smaller amount of sugars was used. It is recommended for better substrate utilization and process economics that glucose and galactose be eliminated from the medium, by being consumed by some other useful applications, before the production of DagA.

The Bildegradability of Carrageenan-based Film by Microorganisms (Carrageenan 필름의 미생물에 의한 생분해도 측정)

  • Kang, Seong Gook;Jung, Soon-Teck;Park, Hyun Jin;Rhim, Jong Whan
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.702-709
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    • 1995
  • Degradation Of $\kappa $-carrageenan-based film by microorganisms screened from carrageenan source and activated sludge of a carrageenan producing factory was investigated by measuring changes of pH, viscosity, total sugar and total organic carbon (TOC) of the medium containing $\kappa $-carrageenan as a carbon source. Initially fifteen strains of microorganism were isolated from carrageenan source and activated sludge and then three organisms among them were selected based on the ability of growing in the medium including 0.3% $\kappa $-carrageenan as a sole carbon source. They were identified as Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger. As indices of biodegradability Of $\kappa $-carrageenan based film, the changes of pH, viscosity, total sugar, and TOC of the carrageenan film-based medium were tested by the cultivation of single or mixed strains of the identified organisms. Mixed culture showed the highest biodegradability, which resulted in the changes of pH from 6.5 to 3.0, viscosity from 164 cps to 15.6 cps, total sugar content from 2.35 g/l to 0.53 g/l and TOC from 5721 ppm to 232 ppm after 30 days of cultivation. The biodegradability determined as the reduction rate of TOC by pure cultures of Asp. niger, E. coli, Sacch. cerevisiae and mixed culture of the three organisms were 94%, 86%, 80% and 96%, respectively.

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Effect of Waste Tire Chips on the Growth and Nutrient Content of Cymbidium Pine Clash 'Moon Venus' (심비디움 Pine Clash 'Moon Venus'의 생장 및 양분함량에 미치는 폐타이어칩의 영향)

  • Kim, Hong-Yul
    • Journal of agriculture & life science
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.17-21
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    • 2009
  • This experiment was conducted to clarify the effect of waste tire chip on the growth and nutrient content of Cymbidium Pine Clash 'Moon Venus'. There were no significant differences between bark only medium and mixed medium in leaf and stem growth. But in both medium and large size chip only, the leaf and stem growth decreased remarkably. The total number of roots, new roots and root length had similar tendency as in leaf and stem growth. In medium and large tire chip only, the decayed roots increased. There were no significant differences between bark only medium and mixed medium in total sugar, starch, content of chrolophyll, N, P and K, but decreased significantly in both medium and large size chip only.

Recycling of Waste Paper with Alkaline Cellulolytic Enzyme (II) - Purification of alkaline cellulolytic enzymes and characteristics of reaction with fiber - (호알칼리성 목질분해 효소를 이용한 폐지 재생(제2보) - 알칼리성 목질분해 효소 정제 및 섬유 반응 특성 -)

  • 강석현;이중명;박성배;엄태진
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.24-29
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    • 2004
  • Alkaline cellulolytic enzymes from cultured medium of Coprinus cinereus 2249 were purified with gel and ion-exchange chromatography and characteristics of those enzyme proteins were investigated. A fiber length distribution and a crystallinity of cellulose and sugar composition of enzyme treated Mixed Office Wastepaper(MOW) and Unbleached Kraft Pulp(UKP) were analysed. The conclusion could summarized as follows; \circled1 Alkaline and acidic, endo- and exo-glucanases were purified from cultured medium of Coprinus cinereus 2249. \circled2 The approximate molecular weight of alkaline endo-glucanase was 42 kDa, and also that of alkaline exo-glucanase was 50 kDa. A fiber length distribution and a crystallization of cellulose and sugar composition of enzyme treated MOW and UKP were not so much changed with original paper and pulp.

Interaction of Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1 and Streptococcus lactis ${ML}_3$ on the Sugar Fermentation in Skim Milk (당발효에 미치는 Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1 과 Streptococcus lactis ${ML}_3$의 상호작용)

  • Park, Chung-Kil;Lew, In-Deok;Yoon, Sung-Sik;Yu, Ju-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.42-49
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    • 1987
  • The acid production and sugar utilization of Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1 between Streptecoccus lactic ${ML}_3$ were investigated in skim milk, cultured broth filtrate and semi-synthetic medium. The effect of acid production by mixed culture and in cultured broth filtrate of the other party were more than that of single culture and self-cultured broth filtrate. When the two strains were cultured 12 hrs, Streptococcus lactis ${ML}_3$ utilized with 0.4% lactose, Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1 with 0.85%, and mixed strains with 1.05% respectively. In 8 hrs fermentation Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1 and mixed strains accumulated 0.22%, 0.10% glucose in the medium respectively, and then decreased gradually. The glucose released by Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1 was stimulated the acid production of Streptococcus lactis ${ML}_3$.

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Identification of the growth stimulatory components in the single and mixed cultures of Propionibacterium freudenreichii KFCC 31227 and Lactobaciilus acidophilus KFCC 32825 (Propionibacterium freudenreichii KFCC 31227과 Lactobacillus acidophilus KFCC 32825의 단독 및 혼합배양에 의한 영양성분의 상호작용)

  • Min, Yun-Sik;Kim, Ki-Cheul;Lee, Myong-Yur;Lee, Ung-Soo
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.352-357
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    • 1993
  • The effects of culture broth filtrates, sugar changes and utilizationon the growth and acid production of P. freudenreichii KFCC 31227and L. acidophilus KFCC 32825 were investigated in S.G.Y.(Skim milk, glucose, yeast extract) and SMW (skin milk whey)medium by the single and mixed cultures. The growth and acid production by mixed culture and in cultured broth filtrate of the other party were more affected than those of single culture and self-cultured broth filtrate. When the two strains were cultured, P. freudenreichii KFCC 31227 utilized with lactose more than glucose and L. acidophilus KFCC 32825 was glucose more than lactose in the growth and acid production. The mixed culture of two strains was more affected to sugar utilization than single culture. This result was considered due to the synergistic effect by interaction of these two strains in mixed culture.

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Bioalcohol Production with Microalgae, Microcystis aeruginosa (미세조류 Microcystis aeruginosa로부터 바이오 알콜의 생산)

  • Kim, Jong Deog;Chae, Go Woon;Seo, Hyo Jin;Chaudhary, Narendra;Yoon, Yang Ho;Shin, Tai Sun;Kim, Min Yong
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.335-340
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    • 2012
  • The microalgae, Microcystis aeruginosa are able to proliferate in a wide range of freshwater ecosystem. M. aeruginosa was cultivated in 25 L and 240 L race-way reactor containing modified medium with added urea 0.2 g/L, increased $Fe^{+2}$, and decreased $Ca^{+2}$ion compared to BG11 medium. Sugar contents of M. aeruginosa grown in BG11 medium, and modified medium were 120 mg/mL and 140 mg/mL respectively. Fermentation was conducted with the extract of M. aeruginosa at $30^{\circ}C$ for 30 h, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc), Pichia stipitis (Ps), Zymomonas mobilis (Zm), and mixed-culture of these strains (Sc + Ps + Zm). Pichia stipitis (0.7%) was found to be more suitable for producing bioalcohol from M. aeruginosa extract than other strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (0.45%) and Zymomonas mobilis (0.61%), while mixed-cultured of these strains showed higest productivity by 1.75%. Biomass of M. aeruginosa contains the potency to be the most renewable resource for bioalcohol fermentation.

Experimental Manufacture of Acorn Wine by Fungal Tannase (미생물(微生物) Tannase를 이용한 도토리주(酒)의 실험적(實驗的) 제조(製造))

  • Chae, Soo-Kyu;Yu, Tai-Jong
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.326-332
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    • 1983
  • Acorn wine was manufactured experimentally with koji inoculated the strain producing acorn tannin hydrolyzing enzyme in order to apply fungal tannase to food processing. Starch value of several Korean acorns was found to be 72.84 and the acorns were worthy of use as a carbohydrate food. Mixed koji was prepared by combination of rice and acorn powder at a ratio of 50to 50 and inoculation of Aspergillus oryzae producing amylase and Aspergillus sp. AN-11 producing tannase into the mixture in order to hydrolyze efficiently acorn tannin inhibiting alcohol fermentation in the medium, and then the mixed koji was used as a suitable koji to manufacture acorn wine. Acorn wine brewed with medium of the acorn powder treated with water and cooked and the mixed koji prepared was superior about two times to that brewed with medium of untreated acorn powder and general koji with respect to the rate of alcohol production and sugar fermentation during the 1st and 2nd brewing.

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Effect of Concentrations of Wheat Flour and Sugar on Sponge Fermentation of Soda Cracker (밀가루 및 당 농도가 소다크랙커의 스폰지 발효에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Sang-Yong;Lee, Byung-Don;Kim, Jung-Min;Oh, Deok-Kun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.387-389
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    • 1997
  • Effect of concentrations of wheat flour and glucose on the sponge fermentation of soda cracker by the mixed lactic acid bacteria of L. brevis, L. fermentum and L. plantarum was investigated. When glucose was added to the wheat flour solution, pH was higher and TTA (total titrable acid) was lower as compared with the medium without glucose. This results suggested that glucose in the solution stimulate cell growth but inhibit the production of organic acids. With increasing of wheat flour concentration, pH decreased and TTA increased during the sponge fermentation of soda cracker.

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The Promotive Effect of NAA, IBA and Ethychlozate on Rooting Cuttings of Certain Ornamental Plants and Some Physiological Studies. (관상식물 삽목발근에 있어서 NAA, IBA 및 Ethychlozate의 발근촉진효과와 그 생리학적연구)

  • Jeong, Hae-Jun;Gwak, Byeong-Hwa
    • The Journal of Natural Sciences
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    • v.1
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    • pp.115-198
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    • 1987
  • The present studies were undertaken to elucidate the influence of auxins, auxin-like substance-ethychlozate ("Figaron"),and pH and sort of rooting media on rooted propagation of certainornamental woody plant cuttings, and to see possible changes in internal compositions characterizing after root-promoting treatment as the cutting stage proceeded. The experimental check-up srevealed and summarized as seen in the following;I. Effect of three different auxin treatments on rooting cuttings: 1) Promotive influence of auxin varied according to different concentration levels, hours of dipping treatment of the auxins, and kind of plants. The greatest effect was obtained for Forsythia ksreana with NAA and IBA, for Ligustrurn obtusifolium var. variegatum with NAA and ethychlozate, for Hydrangea macrophylla, Magnolia kobus, and Magnolia liliflora with NAA, lBA and ethychlozate also. The most effective level of the promotive agents was found 200mg/l for NAA, 1000mg/l for IBA, and 200mg/l for ethychlozate. For Weigela florida and Gardenia jasminoides, range of the most effective level was shown relatively wide spread. 2) NAA was more effective at its optimal level of the rooting agent than ethychiozate for Weigela florida, Viburnum awabuki, Forsythia koreana, Acer palmatum 'Nomura', Bouga invillea glabra, Elaeagnus umbellata, Prunus tomentosa, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Pyracantha coccinea, Cestrum noctu rnum, Hydrangea macrophylla, Codiaeum variegatum, Rhododen dron lateritium, and Ilex crenata var. macrophylla, and yet ethychlozate was found either as equally as effective or more so than NAA for Zebrina pendula, Hibiscus syriacus, Fatshedera lizei, Schefflera arboricola, Campsis grandiflo ra, Ixora chinensis, Euonymus japonica, and Magnolia liliflora. On the contrary, no the auxin effect was noted with Lagerstroemia indica, Trachelospermum asiaticum, and Syringa vulgaris. This probably indicates that these species are genetically different for the auxin response.II. Effect of different pH and sorts of cutting media on rooting cuttings: 1) Bougainvillea showed best in rooting for the number and dry weight at pH 6.5, more with ethychlozate than NAA, while Ligustrum did at pH 5.0 more with NAA than ethychlozate. pH 4.0 medium resulted in the best rooting for Rhododendron with NAA, more than ethychlozate. 2) Use of cutting medium with peat: perlite: vermiculite = 1:1:1 showed to give the greatest rooting percent and dry weight, apart from considering the number of roots. This apparently meant the fact that cutting medium has more to do with root growth than root differentiation. Rhododendron yet showed results with cutting media that use of peat: perlite = 2:1 mixed is more effective on rooting than using peat alone.III. Effect of auxinic treatments on rooting cuttings and change in some cutting compositions: 1) Under the climatic conditions of July having temperature $26.3\pm$$2.4^{\circ}C$for cutting bed, new roots of Magnolia started to show up generally 20 days after the cutting was made, whereas Cestrum did much earlier than that, namely 14 days after. 2) Although total carbohydrate content of Magnolia cuttings showed no marked change without auxin treatment, it did so with the treatment, especially 30 days after the start of cutting. Cestrum cuttings demonstrated a gradual in crease in total carbohydrate content as rooting took place, and the content became reduced more with auxin than with out, just about when rooting proceeded to 14 days after the start of cutting. 3) Magnolia generally showed an increase in total nitrogen content as rooting proceeded more, and Cestrum showed a decrease in total nitrogen of cuttings. The auxin treatment exhibited no pertinent relation with change in plant nitro gen when rooting is promoted with auxin treatment. 4) An abrupt drop of total sugar and reducing sugar was noticed as Magnolia rooting started, and this reduction was parti cularly outstanding with auxin treatment. Starch content also was decreased in the later stage of cutting with auxin treatment, and was rather increased without auxin. Although sugar content soon increased as cutting started with auxin treatment in the case of Cestrum, it became reduced after rooting took place. 5) Total phenol content increased with rooting, and this was especially true when rooting started. This increase was reversed somehow regardless of auxin treatment. A decrease in phenol of Magnolia was found more striking with auxin than without in the later stage of the cutting period. 6)Avena coleoptile test for auxin-like substances presented the physiologically active factor is more in easy-to-root Magnolia liliflora than hard-to-root Magnolia kobus, and the activity of auxin-like substances was much increased with auxin treatment. The increase in the growth promoting substances was markedly pronounced when rooting just started. The active growth substances decreased in the later stage of cutting, and certain inhibitory substances started appearing. Cestrum also showed physiologically similar growth promoting substances accompanying auxin-like active substances if auxin is treated, and some strong inhibitory substances seemed to appear in the later stage of cutting. 7) Mung-bean-rooting test indicated biologically that endogenous growth substances in Magnolia all promoted mung-bean rooting, and activity of the growth substances apparently stimulated mung-bean rooting with auxin more than without. Here auxin treatment seemed to give a rise to an increased activity of endogenous growth substances in cuttings. This activity was found much greater with either NAA or IBA than ethychlozate, and showed its peak of the activity when rooting first started taking place. Certain inhibitory substances for Avena coleoptile growth strongly promoted mung-bean rooting, and it was also much like in the case of Cestrum.

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