• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.270-275
• /
• 2013

Hairy vetch can fix nitrogen from the atmosphere as a leguminous cover crop. This research was carried out to determine optimum seeding method of hairy vetch and application effect in paddy. Field experiment was conducted at Sinheung series (fine loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts) from Sep. 2011 to Oct. 2012 at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Suwon, Gyeonggi province, Korea. Hairy vetch used in the study was 'Cheongpyungbora', developed by National Institute of Crop Science. Seeding methods of hairy vetch consisted of Broadcasting Before Rice Harvesting (BBRH), Partial Tillage Seeding (PTS), Minimum Tillage Seeding (MTS), No Tillage Seeding (NTS), and Drill Seeding (DS). Both MTS and NTS showed the highest biomass among the seeding methods. The rice yield of MTS and NTS significantly increased compared to conventional fertilization (CF). Also soil properties including organic matter and bulk density were improved by incorporation of hairy vetch. Therefore, we suggested that MTS and NTS could be used to produce hairy vetch and rice in paddy.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제46권6호
• /
• pp.708-712
• /
• 2009

ITO films were achieved by sintering at $500{\sim}550{^{\circ}C}$. This was possible by inducing a seeding effect on an ITO sol by producing crystalline ITO nanoparticles in situ during heat treatment. Two kinds of ITO sols (named ITO-A and ITO-B) were prepared at 2.0 wt% from indium acetate and tin(IV) chloride in different mixed solvents. The ITO-A sol showed a high degree of crystallinity of ITO without any detectable Sn$O_2$ on XRD at $350{^{\circ}C}$/1 h, but the ITO-B sol showed a small amount of Sn$O_2$ even after annealing at $600{^{\circ}C}$/1 h. The 10 wt% ITO-A//ITO-B showed the sheet resistance of 3600$\Omega$/□, while the ITO-B sol alone showed 5200 $\Omega$/□ by sintering at $550{^{\circ}C}$ for 30 min. Processing parameters were studied by TG/DSC, XRD, SEM, sheet resistance, and visible transmittance.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제19권spc호
• /
• pp.174-177
• /
• 2011

Green manure crops play an important role in organic farming. Field experiment was conducted at paddy soil (fine loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Aeric Fluvaquentic Endoquepts) in 2008/2009 to 2009/2010 at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Suwon, Gyeonggi province, Korea. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the biomass of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and growth of rice (Oryza sativa) by different seeding rates. Seeding rates of hairy vetch consisted of 30, 60, and 90 kg $ha^{-1}$ by broadcasting before rice harvesting. The biomass and nitrogen production of hairy vetch were not significantly different between 60 kg $ha^{-1}$ and 90 kg $ha^{-1}$ of seedinq rates. Also, rice yield was not significantly different between seeding rate 60 kg $ha^{-1}$ of hairy vetch and conventional practice for two years. Therefore, we suggested that seeding rate of hairy vetch should be reduced by continuous cropping and incorporation of hairy vetch under rice-based cropping system.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제53권11호
• /
• pp.999-1013
• /
• 2020

전세계적으로 기상조절 연구가 활발히 수행되어져 왔으나 연구 효과를 보다 정량적으로 검증할 수 있는 기술이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 기상조절 실험에 대한 강수 증가 효율인 시딩효과(seeding effect)를 레이더 자료를 이용하여 검증하였다. 또한, 시딩물질이 대기수상체 변화에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 레이더 자료, 기상조건, 확산 수치모의 자료가 사용되었다. 먼저, 시딩전, 시딩중, 시딩후의 세 단계로 시딩효과를 분석할 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법을 강원도와 서해 지역을 대상으로 수행된 세 개의 기상조절 실험 사례에 적용하였다. 그 결과, 자연강수가 없을 때는 강수 변화가 예측된 구역에서 감지된 레이더 반사도가 시딩효과로 판단되었다. 자연강수가 발생하면 관측된 최대 반사도에서 자연강수의 영향을 제외하여 시딩효과를 결정하였다. 적용사례에 대해 시딩효과로 강수강도가 0.1 mm/h 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 시딩 구름에 빙정이나 과냉각 수적, 혼합상의 수상체가 분포한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 기상조절 연구 결과는 수자원 확보와 구름 물리 연구에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.33-42
• /
• 1999

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal amount and the mixture ratio of seeds for revegetation species by investigating their growth characteristics. For the purpose of the experiments, 15 plants were chosen. In May of 1995 to September of 1998, the nursery seedbeds of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University were seeded with the mixtures of those species. Then, the nursery seedbeds were treated to investigate the effects of the amount of seeding, the amount of fertilizer, and the depth of soil on the growth characteristics. As the results of the experiments, it was found that the effects of all the treatments on growth of shoots and roots were significant in the early phase. For the expected number of seedlings more than 3,000 per square meter, many seedlings got withered to death while the survivors were suppressed to grow slow in the early stage due to the density problem.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.97-101
• /
• 1999

No-till direct seeding cultivation of rice has major advantages such as saving of labor and cost by eliminating tillage, preparation of seed bed and trans-planting procedure compared to the conventional transplanting cultivation. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of straw treatment and nitrogen levels on the rice growth in no-till direct-seeding cultivation. Rice straw, vetch straw, and the mixture of both of the straws were mulched on the surface of soil before seeding while 4 levels of nitrogen fertilizer, 0, 7, 9, and 11 kkg/10a respectively, were applied at 3 split times, 3-weeks after sowing, 5-weeks after sowing and the panicle initiation stage. Mulching of vetch straw significantly reduced seedling establishment of rice which may be attributed to low oxidation-reduction potential of soil by vetch mulching treatment. Vetch straw increased the concentration of soil ammonium leading to an extension of the greenish leaf to panicle initiation stage. Agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (AD $E_{N}$) in heavy-mixed straw mulching plots was lower than other treatments. Grain yield and AU $E_{N}$ in the vetch treatment were less affected by fertilized N levels. Conclusively, it is suggested that heavy straw mulching was not efficient for rice seedling establishment and nitrogen usage.e.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.70-79
• /
• 2002

This study was conducted to develop environmental restoration methods for the ecological restoration of the rock exposed steep cut-slopes using native woody plants seeds by the hydro-seeding with artificial soil media. The main results are summarized as follows; 1. Quercus spp. seeded after seed treatment germinated over 80% and most of them grew well until one year. So, Quercus spp. can grow at the extremely dry rock exposed slopes revegetated by hydro-seeding with soil-fertilizer-seed mixed media. 2. The germinated seedlings grew well at the slopes oriented southeast. But in case of the survival ratio of the germinated seedlings, northwestward slopes was the best. 3. In case of the using pot seedlings of the Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens, it shows more beautiful scenery than the area using cool-season grasses. 4. As the results of the experiment, Albizzia julibrissin, Quercus spp. and Lespedeza crytobotrya can be useful at the restoration and revegatation of the cut-slopes. 5. At the results of the seed mixture experiment, cool-season grasses covered the ground quickly, but slowly germinated Quercus spp. and Lespedeza crytobotrya formed under story vegetation. Also, Albizzia julibrissin formed upper story vegetation will be replaced by Quercus spp. slowly.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.62-66
• /
• 2007

시금치 수경재배에 적합한 육묘배지 선발과 육묘 플러그 트레이 크기, 육묘 플러그 트레이 셀(cell)당 종자수 조절로 안정 공정 육묘생산을 위한 실험을 수행하였다. 수경재배 육묘배지에 따른 입모율과 유묘의 생육특성을 조사한 결과 입모율은 보습성이 좋은 입상암면 >입상암면+펄라이트 혼용배지>코코피트>펄라이트>우레탄 스펀지 순으로 나타나 우레탄 스폰지의 입모율이 가장 낮았다. 육묘 플러그 트레이 셀당 종자수에 따른 엽 면적은 종자수가 많을수록 적어지고, 셀당 생체중은 2립(12.5g)에 비해 4립(33.9g)이 무거웠다. 따라서 셀당 종자수가 적으면 식물체 1개 체중은 증가되지만 전체 셀당 생체중은 감소되는 경향을 나타내었다. 수량은 셀당 2립 파종 $10,200kg{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ 비해 4립 파종 $14,910kg{\cdot}ha^{-1}$으로 46% 증가되었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제28권11호
• /
• pp.865-872
• /
• 1991

LAS (lithium aluminosilicate) sol was synthesized using the hydrolysis-condensation reaction of TEOS, chelated Al(OBus)3 and LiNO3 with H2O in alcohol (ethanol+2-propanol) medium. Lowering Li content by a factor of 1/2 significantly enhanced densification and retarded the crystallization of LAS gel by ~30$0^{\circ}C$. Dense LAS specimen with essentially pore-free microstructure was obtained by sintering the sol-gel derived gel at 80$0^{\circ}C$ for 4 h and annealing at 120$0^{\circ}C$ for 2 h. Similary, a mixed colloidal processing was attempted as a convenient, alternative route for the fabrication of dense LAS sintered body. The $\beta$-spodumene seeding (~0.8 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) in the sol-gel derived LAS modified the sequence of phase transformations and lowered the temperature of crystallization by ~12$0^{\circ}C$. Combining the epitaxial seeding with the sol-gel process, we could lower the crystallization temperature to the sintering temperature range (~80$0^{\circ}C$) and, demonstrate a possibility of making the viscous sintering/crystallization as a continuous as a continuous unit process.

• 아시안잔디학회지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.187-198
• /
• 1995

The objective of this research was to produce sod by box seeding for zoysiagrass or by vegetative propagation for zoysiagrass and manilagrass.1 Various ratio of peatmoss to sand(v /v) were prepared to find idea[ medium for fast and light weight sod production. Then, the days required for sod formation, the effect of growth regulators on the growth of turfgrass, and the various storage methods for winter keeping of sods were also investigated. 1.The mixed medium of sand and peatmoss(v /v, 1 : 2) showed more biomass production than that of sand. 2.In comparison of seeding rate of zoysiagrass, the amount of log /$m^2$ was most effective in the fast and dense sod formation. The amount of 20g /$m^2$ also showed fast sod formation. But, it resulted in weak plant and less tillering. During April to June, about 100 days were required to form sod with seeding rate of 5g /$m^2$ regardless of seeding time. Whereas 80 days were required to form sod in the rate log /$m^2$, which was 20 days shorter than that of 5g /$m^2$. 3.More than 85% of shoots in sod stored in field or plastic house during the winter time resumed the growth in good appearance after transplanting. The whole covering of ground with sod resulted in less weeds and faster formation of lawn. 4.Vegetative propagation of manilagrass showed about 7 to 15 days faster formation of sod than that of zoysiagrass. Application of GA increased shoot growth and BA increased the total number of tillering. However, the effects of the combined application of GA and BA were negligable.