• 제목/요약/키워드: mixed solvent

검색결과 429건 처리시간 0.022초

탈지 유채박 중 표면활성정제물의 유화특성 및 산화 안정도에 관한 연구 (Emulsifying Properties and Oxidative Stability of Purified Surface-Active Substances from Defatted Rapeseed Cake Extract)

  • 김산성;이의석;이기택;홍순택
    • 한국응용과학기술학회지
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.155-167
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    • 2016
  • Surface-active substances in defatted rapeseed cake were obtained using a supercritical fluid extraction method. Then, it was purified by removing sinapine in the extract through a series of steps using a mixed solvent: diethyl ether and ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v). Emulsifying properties of purified surface-active substances were investigated, including fat globule size, zeta potentials and creaming stability and its antioxidant activity in emulsion systems were also studied by peroxide value and $^1H$-NMR spectrum. It was found that fat globules in emulsions with purified surface-active substances were much smaller than ones with the unpurified. In addition, as pH of the emulsion lowered and with increasing NaCl concentration in the emulsion, they were observed to increase, which led to worse creaming stability. These properties were reflected in changes of zeta potentials of emulsions. The oxidative stability was better in emulsions with purified surface-active substances than ones with Tween 20 or commercial lecithin, possibly resulted from the existence of sinapic acid in the extract. It was concluded that purified surface-active substances from defatted rapeseed cake could be simultaneously used as emulsifier and antioxidant agent in emulsion system.

유채박 단백질의 정제조건에 따른 이화학적 성질과 기능성에 관한 연구 (Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Rapeseed Protein upon Purification Conditions)

  • 강영주;이장순;김효선;김충희;정용현
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제20권6호
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    • pp.551-558
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    • 1991
  • 국내산 Brassica napus, var. Youngsan종 유채단백질의 추출용매 및 공정차이에 따른 이화학적 성질 및 기능성에 대하여 조사하였다. 각 공정별로 얻어진 유채단백질은 정제가 잘 될수록 황색도와 표면소수성이 개선되었다. SDS-PAGE 분석결과 9개의 band가 나타났으며 상당부분이 $1.96~1.59{\times}10^4$ dalton 분자량으로 구성되었고, EDTA 혼합용매로 추출한 경우 저분자량 band가 거의 나타나지 않았다. 아미노산 함량은 정제에 따라 약간씩 높았으나 EDTA 혼합용매로 추출한 단백질에서는 전체적으로 상당히 낮았다. EDTA 혼합용매로 추출한 단백질에서의 용해도가 1% SHMP로 추출한 단백질과 매우 다르게 나타났으며, 동점도는 정제가 잘 될수록 낮은 값이었다. 수분 흡수력과 거품성은 큰 차이가 없었으며, 유흡수력과 에멀젼 활성도는 대조구 보다 약간씩 증가하였으며 대조구에 비하여 다른 모든 처리구의 칼슘에 대한 반응성이 민감하였다. 열응고성은 EDTA 처리구만 높았고 나머지 모든 처리구에서는 상당히 낮은 값으로서 열안정성이 높게 나타났다.

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고분자를 이용한 Adefovir Dipivoxil과 Suberic Acid의 공결정 제어 (Effects of Polymers on the Cocrystallization of Adefovir Dipivoxil and Suberic Acid)

  • 정성엽;김일원
    • 폴리머
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    • 제37권5호
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    • pp.663-668
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    • 2013
  • 고분자가 adefovir dipivoxil(AD)과 suberic acid(SUB)의 공결정 형성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 고분자 첨가제는 poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)과 poly(acrylic acid)(PAA)를 이용하였다. 용액에서 AD와 SUB를 혼합한 후에 고분자를 첨가하여 공결정을 제조했을 때는, 고분자의 영향은 결정모양과 결정성을 일부 변화시키는 것에 한정되었는데, 이러한 영향은 고분자 없이도 용액에 과량의 SUB를 이용하거나 용매첨가 분쇄법으로 유도할 수 있었다. 한편, 용액에서 AD와 고분자를 혼합한 후에 SUB를 첨가하여 공결정을 제조했을 때는, PEG의 경우 공결정의 변화를 훨씬 효과적으로 유도하였는데 결정성을 기준으로 같은 농도에서 3배 이상의 효과를 보였다. 또한 PAA의 경우에는 결정의 형성을 완전히 억제하는 효과를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과는 공결정 형성에 미치는 고분자의 영향을 단순히 혼합순서를 바꾸어서 조율할 수 있는 예를 보여 주었다.

전자(電子)스크랩의 미생물(微生物) 침출액(浸出液)으로부터 구리 및 주석의 회수(回收)에 관한 연구(硏究) (Recovery of Cu and Sn from the Bioleaching Solution of Electronic Scrap)

  • 안재우
    • 자원리싸이클링
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    • 제15권6호
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    • pp.41-47
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    • 2006
  • 미생물 침출과 용매추출 기술을 이용하여 전자스크랩중의 구리 및 주석의 회수에 관한 연구를 실시하였다. Asperigillus niger를 이용한 미생물 침출시 신진대사 작용에 의해 구연산(citric acid)이 생성되며 이러한 구연산에 의해 전자스크랩중의 구리, 철, 주석, 납 등의 성분이 침출된다. 이러한 침출용액으로부터 먼저 10vo1.% LIX84를 이용하여 선택적으로 구리를 추출할 수 있었고, LIX84에 의해 추출 분리된 구리는 전해채취공정을 거쳐 99.9%의 금속 구리로 회수가 가능하였다. 한편, 구리가 추출 분리된 침출여액에서 주석을 회수하기 위해서 10% Alamine336을 이용하여 철 및 주석을 추출하고, 철 및 주석이 추출된 유기상을 NaCl용액을 탈거제로 사용함으로써 순수한 철 및 주석의 혼합용액을 얻었다. 이러한 혼합용액에서 철분말을 이용한 치환법으로 주석을 금속상태의 침전물로 회수가 가능하였다.

Development of Isotope Dilution-Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry as a Candidate Reference Method for the Determination of Acrylamide in Potato Chips

  • Park, Sun-Young;Kim, Byung-Joo;So, Hun-Young;Kim, Yeong-Joon;Kim, Jeong-Kwon
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제28권5호
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    • pp.737-744
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    • 2007
  • An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric method was developed as a candidate reference method for the accurate determination of acrylamide in potato chips, starch-rich foodstuff cooked at high temperature. Sample was spiked with 13C3-acrylamide and then extracted with water. The extract was further cleaned up with an Oasis HLB solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge and an Oasis mixed-phase cation exchange (MCX) SPE cartridge. The extract was analyzed by using LC/ESI/Tandem MS in positive ion mode. LC with a medium reversed-phase (C4) column was optimized to obtain adequate chromatographic retention and separation of acrylamide. MS was operated to selectively monitor [M+H]+ ions of the analyte and its isotope analogue at m/z 72 and m/z 75, respectively. Sample was also analyzed by the LC/MS with selectively monitoring the collisionally induced dissociation channels of m/z 72 → m/z 55 and m/z 75 → 58. Compared to the LC/MS chromatograms, the LC/MS/MS chromatograms showed substantially reduced background chemical noises coming from solvent clusters formed during ESI spray processes and interferences from sample matrix. Repeatability and reproducibility studies showed that the LC/MS/MS method is a reliable and reproducible method which can provide a typical method precision of 1.0% while the LC/MS results are influenced by chemical interferences.

PLLA/HA Composite Scaffold와 골수 줄기세포를 이용한 조직공학적 골재생에 대한 연구 (BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING USING PLLA/HA COMPOSITE SCAFFOLD AND BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL)

  • 김병렬;장현석;임재석;이의석;김동현
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.323-332
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    • 2008
  • Aim of the study: Scaffolds are crucial to tissue engineering/regeneration. Biodegradable polymer/ceramic composite scaffolds can overcome the limitations of conventional ceramic bone substitutes such as brittleness and difficulty in shaping. In this study, poly(L-lactide)/hydroxyapatite(PLLA/HA) composite scaffolds were fabricated for in vivo bone tissue engineering. Material & methods: In this study, PLLA/HA composite microspheres were prepared by double emulsion-solvent evaporation method, and were evaluated in vivo bone tissue engineering. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell from rat iliac crest was differentiated to osteoblast by adding osteogenic medium, and was mixed with PLLA/HA composite scaffold in fibrin gel and was injected immediately into rat cranial bone critical size defect(CSD:8mm in diameter). At 1. 2, 4, 8 weeks after implantation, histological analysis by H-E staining, histomorphometric analysis and radiolographic analysis were done. Results: BMP-2 loaded PLLA/HA composite scaffolds in fibrin gel delivered with osteoblasts differentiated from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells showed rapid and much more bone regeneration in rat cranial bone defects than control group. Conclusion: This results suggest the feasibility and usefulness of this type of scaffold in bone tissue engineering.

청나래고사리와 고비 지상부의 효율적인 phytoecdysteroids 추출조건 (Effective Extraction of Phytoecdysteroids from Fronds of Matteuccia struthiopteris and Osmunda japonica)

  • 신소림;이철희
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.351-357
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 양치식물로부터 phytoecdysteroids의 추출 효율을 향상시키기 위하여 시행하였다. 청나래고사리와 고비의 잎(엽상체)을 동결건조 한 후 곱게 분쇄하여 MeOH, 80% EtOH, $H_2O$(nano pure grade)를 용매로 하여 50배 추출하였으며, 각 용매별로 6시간 동안 침지, 교반(200 RPM), 60$^{\circ}C$ 환류냉각추출하거나 42 kHz의 초음파수조에서 15, 30, 45분 동안 추출하였다. 추출물은 $C_{18}$ cartridge로 정제하여 분석하였으며, HPLC를 이용하여 각 추출물의 20-hydroxyecdysone(20E)과 ponasterone A(PonA)의 함량을 조사하였다. 3종류의 용매를 6가지 방법으로 추출한 결과, 청나래고사리와 고비의 추출물 모두 MeOH를 용매로 30분 동안 초음파 추출했을 때 20E와 PonA의 용출량이 증가하였으며, 엽상체 건물중 1 g당 청나래고사리와 고비의 20E 함량은 66.76과 104.48 ${\mu}g$, PonA의 함량은 53.43와 43.82 ${\mu}g$이었다.

Protective Effects of the Fermented Laminaria japonica Extract on Oxidative Damage in LLC-PK1 Cells

  • Park, Min-Jung;Han, Ji-Sook
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.227-233
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    • 2013
  • This study investigated the protective effect of the butanol (BuOH) fraction from fermented Laminaria japonica extract (BFLJ) on AAPH-induced oxidative stress in porcine kidney epithelial cells (LLC-PK1 cells). L. japonica was fermented by Aspergillus oryzae at $35{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for 72 h. Freeze-dried fermented L. japonica was extracted with distilled water, and the extracted solution was mixed with ethanol and then centrifuged. The supernatant was subjected to sequential fractionation with various solvents. The BuOH fraction was used in this study because it possessed the strongest antioxidant activity among the various solvent fractions. The BuOH fraction of fermented L. japonica had a protective effect against the AAPH-induced LLC-PK1 cells damage and increased cell viability while reducing lipid peroxidation formation and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. The inhibitory effect of BFLJ on lipid peroxidation formation had a higher value of $0.11{\pm}0.01nmol$ MDA at $100{\mu}g/mL$ concentration in comparison with intact BuOH fraction showing $0.22{\pm}0.08nmol$ MDA at the same concentration. Furthermore, BFLJ treatment increased glutathione concentration. GSH concentration in the cell treated with BFLJ of $100{\mu}g/mL$ was $1.80pmol/L{\times}10^5cells$. These results indicate that BFLJ protects the LLC-PK1 cells against AAPH-induced cell damage by inhibiting lipid peroxidation formation and increasing antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione concentration.

저농도의 HPC 영역에서 에멀젼법에 의해 제조된 구형 알루미나 분말의 입자 크기 변화 (Change of Particle Size of Spherical Alumina Powders Prepared by Emulsion Method in the Region of Low Hydroxypropylcellulose Concentration)

  • 안치원;박건식;유한수;조건;이영우;양명승
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제32권5호
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    • pp.594-600
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    • 1995
  • Spherical alumina gel powders were produced by hydrolysis of aluminum sec-butoxide (Al(sec-OC4H9)3) in a n-octanol/acetonitrile mixed solvent. The enlargement of particle size was induced by increasing HPC (hydroypropylcellulose) concentration (0.005, 0.1, and 0.05 g/ι) and emulsion-state aging time (10 min and 360 min). Mean particle sizes of dried alumina gel powders increased from 1.4 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ to 3.5${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ at 10-min emulsion-state aging time and from 1.9${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ to 4.1${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ at 360-min emulsion-state aging time as HPC concentration increased from 0.005 g/ι to 0.05 g/ι. At the same HPC concentration, particle size of dried alumina gel powder increased with increasing of emulsion-state aging time from 10 min to 360 min. The increase in the average particle size of dried alumina gel powder with increase in HPC concentration was interpreted as the enlargement of particles from alkoxide emulsions unprotected by HPC. The produced dried gel powder calcined at 115$0^{\circ}C$ for one hour transformed to $\alpha$-alumina.

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DAAQ와 SPEEK를 이용한 전고상 슈퍼커패시터의 전기화학적 특성 (Electrochemical Characteristics of all solid supercapacitor based on DAAQ(1,5-diaminoanthraquinone) and SPEEK(sulfonated polyether ether ketone))

  • 김진용;김홍일;김한주;박수길
    • 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국전기전자재료학회 2005년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.6
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    • pp.371-372
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    • 2005
  • Supercapacitors are promising devices for delivering high power density. Digital communications, electric vehicles and other devices that require electrical energy at high power levels in relatively short pulses have prompted considerable research on supercapacitors. In recent years, solid electrolytes have been investigated for supercapacitors. Solid electrolytes are advantageous over liquid electrolytes in respect of easy handling and reliability without electrolyte leakage. In this preliminary study, an electrochemical supercapacitor in all solid configuration has been fabricated using CNF-DAAQ and poly-vinylidenefluoride(PVdF). A new type of Supercapacitor was constructed by using carbon nanofibers(CNFs) and DAAQ(l,5-diaminoanthraquinone) monomer. DAAQ was deposited on the carbon nanofibers by chemical polymerization with $(NH_4)_2S_2O_8$ as oxidant in the 0.1M $H_2SO_4$. Dried SPEEK powder was mixed with N-methyl pyrrolidone to make 10 wt.% solution in an ultrasonic bath, the slurry was cast over a glass substrate heated to $70^{\circ}C$ for solvent evaporation. And then we used solid electrolyte of SPEEK. The unit cell consist of DAAQ-CNF/electrolyte/Pt. From the analysis, it is clear that surface of carbon nanofibers was quite uniformly coated with DAAQ. The performance characteristics of the supercapacitors have been evaluated using Cyclic Voltammetry.

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