• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1980

Serum TSH levels were measured by radioimmunoassay before and after intravenous administration of synthetic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) to 15 normal subjects and 55 patients with primary thyroid disease (14 patients with euthyroidism, 24 patients with thyrotoxicosis and 17 patients with hypothyroidism) to evaluate pituitary TSH reserve and its diagnostic availability. The observed results were as follows. 1. In normal subjects, serum TSH responses to synthetic TRH were $3.2{\pm}1.0$ at 0min (baseline TSH level), $8.0{\pm}4.0$ at 10min, $11.7{\pm}5.0$ at 20min, $13.7{\pm}7.1$ at 30min, $9.7{\pm}5.0$ at 60min., $5.2{\pm}2.0$ at 120min. and $3.6{\pm}0.4{\mu}U/ml$ at 180 min. Serum TSH peaked at $20{\sim}30$ minutes and returned nearly to baseline at 180minutes. 2. In euthyroid group, serum TSH responses to synthetic TRH were $3.3{\pm}1.6$ at 0min, $8.6{\pm}8.0$ at 10min, $10.9{\pm}8.5$ at 20min, $12.5{\pm}8.4$ at 30min, $9.0{\pm}5.9$ at 60min, $5.6{\pm}2.6$ at 120min and $3.5{\pm}1.3{\mu}U/ml$ at 180min. No significant difference revealed between euthyroid group and normal subjects (p>0.05). 3. In hyperthyroid group, serum TSH responses to synthetic TRH were $1.5{\pm}0.6$ at 0min, $2.2{\pm}0.8$ at 10min., $2.3{\pm}1.0$ at 20min., $2.4{\pm}1.5$ at 30min., $2.1{\pm}1.1$ at 60min., $1.9{\pm}0.2$ at 120min. and $1.5{\pm}0.8{\mu}U/ml$ at 180min., No response to TRH showed. 4. In hypothyroid group, mean values of serum TSH response to synthetic TRH were 42.0 at 0min., 60.6 at 10min., 124.8 at 20min., 123.0 at 30min., 101.6 at 60min., 64.3 at 120min. and $15.5{\mu}U/ml$ at 180 min., Patients with primary hypothyroidism showed an exaggerated TSH response to synthetic TRH despite their high basal TSH. 5. Side effects attending synthetic TRH administration were transient nausea (59.0%), desire to micturate (59.0%), feeling of flushing(19.7%), dizziness (45.9%), metallic taste (9.8%) and headache (19.7%). Any side effect didn't show in 16.4%. These symptoms began almost immediately after TRH intravenous injection and lasted several minutes, and not related to dose or response in the person experiencing it.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• 제10권
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• pp.157-191
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• 1983

The purpose of the study is to build a general cost a counting model for university libraries, to clarify the possible areas of its a n.0, pplication by employing job cost accounting and process cost accounting methods. System analysis is performed as to the fields of acquisition, processing (cataloging & classification), and book shelving system. The existing operation processes and time required for each operation of these three systems are analyzed, from which detailed system flowcharts were drawn and job descriptions and the content of job were identified. The results of the study can be summarized as follows: (1) The processing time of one book in each systems: Oriental books. a. Acquisition system. the time required the time required in case of job cost case of job cost accounting after purchasing, 8 min. 21 sec. the time required in case of process cost accounting 15 min. 7 sec. b. Processing system. the time required for non-duplicate, 34 min. 40 sec. the time required for duplicate, 8 min. 49 sec. the time required for purchasing of more than the time required two copies at a time. 4 min. 44 sec. c. Book shelving system. the time required. 1 min. 43 sec. Western books. a. Acquisition system the required in case of job cost accounting, 9 min. 1 sec. the time required in case of process cost accounting. 15 min. 7 sec. b. Processing system. the time required for non-duplicate, 32 min. 58 sec. the time required for duplicate, 9 min. 26 sec. the time required for purchasing of more than two copies at a time. 5 min. 33 sec. c. Book shelving system. the time required. 1 min. 43 sec. (2) Total sum of processing time and processing cost per book. Oriental books (including material cost) the time required. cost. a. non-duplicate, 51 min. 30 sec. 2, 791 won b. duplicate, 25 min. 39 sec. 1, 580 won c. purchasing of more than two copies as a time, 21 min. 34 sec. 1, 368 won Western books(including material cost) a. non-duplicate, 49 min. 48 sec. 3, 189 won b. duplicate, 26 min. 16 sec. 1, 846 won c. purchasing of more than two copies at a time. 22 min. 23 sec. 1, 388 won

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.92-96
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• 1976

A series of experimental groups has been studied in the state of hypolycemia caused by a single intraperitoneal injection of insulin after 24 hrs of fasting albino rats and then the variation of LDH activities and LDH isozyme patterns in the liver, muscle and serum had been reported. The total LDH activity has been elevated in the liver and the muscle above the average level for control group, but increased continusly during 20 min and decreased in the 20-45 min intervals and increased again 45 min in the serum. The change of LDH isozyme patterns had been shown that in the liver LDH$_{5}$ was increased, LDH$_{4}$ was decreased and in the muscle LDH$_{1}$ was diminished by 30 min ws restored again after 45 min and LDH$_{2}$ decreased about 94 percentage at 30 min, decreased by 45 min and increased greater again after 45 min and in the muscle LDH$_{3}$, LDH$_{4}$, and LDH$_{5}$ were increased to the greatest by 20 min, decreased in 20-45 min intervals and increased again after 45 min.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.87-97
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• 2013

Negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) and positive bias temperature instability (PBTI) are critical circuit reliability issues in highly scaled CMOS technologies. In this paper, we analyze the impacts of NBTI and PBTI on SRAM $V_{MIN}$, and present a design solution for mitigating the impact of NBTI and PBTI on SRAM $V_{MIN}$. Two different types of SRAM $V_{MIN}$ (SNM-limited $V_{MIN}$ and time-limited $V_{MIN}$) are explained. Simulation results show that SNM-limited $V_{MIN}$ is more sensitive to NBTI while time-limited $V_{MIN}$ is more prone to suffer from PBTI effect. The proposed NBTI/PBTI-aware control of wordline pulse width and woldline voltage improves cell stability, and mitigates the $V_{MIN}$ degradation induced by NBTI/PBTI.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.1712-1717
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to compare $VO_2$max, maximal power output, and presence of $VO_2$ plateau across 4 protocol durations (5, 8, 12, and 16 min) during incremental cycling exercise to $VO_2$max. Twenty moderately to highly trained subjects ($24.9{\pm}6.6$) participated in the study. The mean $VO_2$max in the 5-min ($3.55{\pm}0.80\;l/min$) and 8-min ($3.66{\pm}0.88\;l/min$) duration protocols had higher and significantly higher mean value in the 8-min duration protocol compared to the 12-min ($3.49{\pm}0.76\;l/min$) and 16-min ($3.45{\pm}0.73\;l/min$) duration protocols. The AMPO across four protocols showed a significant difference. The AMPO for the 5-min protocol was 12%, 24%, and 35% higher than AMPO for the 8-min, 12-min and 16-min protocols. The presence of plateau was 12.5% for the 5 min protocol, 56.25% for the 8 min protocol, 37.5% for the 12 min protocol, and 56.25% for the 16 min protocol. This study indicates that the short duration protocol (<8 min) is a more valid measurement for $VO_2$ max than optimal duration protocol (8-12 min) in moderate to highly trained individuals on the cycle ergometer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.507-513
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• 2008

The development of soy cutlets containing textured soy protein (TSP) as a meat analog was studied. In order to decrease the beany flavor and to increase the texture, TSP was treated with 0.3% Flavourzyme or 0.1% Protamex for 10 or 20 min, respectively. The degree of hydrolysis for TSP treated with Protamex was higher than that treated with Flavourzyme. Hydrolysis was observed to increase as the reaction time was increased for both Flavourzyme and Protamex. The water holding capacity of TSP treated with Protamex for 10 min was the highest, and that treated with Flavourzyme for 20 min was similar to that of Protamex treatment for 20 min. The oil binding capacity of TSP treated with Protamex for 20 min was the highest. The hardness of the soy cutlets using TSP treated with Flavourzyme for 10 min was higher than that treated for 20 min, while that of Protamex treated for 20 min was higher than that treated for 10 min. The cohesiveness of the soy cutlets using TSP treated with Flavourzyme or Protamex for 10 min was higher than those treated for 20 min. The chewiness of the soy cutlets treated with Flavourzyme for 10 min was higher than for those treated for 20 min, while those treated with Protamex for 20 min was higher than those treated for 10 min. The springiness of TSP treated with Flavourzyme for 20 min was higher than those treated for 10 min, and higher than those treated with Protamex for 10 or 20 min. For sensory evaluation, the beany flavor of the soy cutlets treated with Protamex for 20 min was the weakest. The flavor and chewiness of both a pork cutlet and a soy cutlet treated with Protamex for 20 min were the best. In the overall quality, soy cutlets treated with Protamex for 20 min was the most desirable. In conclusion, soy cutlets treated with 0.1% Protamex for 20 min could be a reasonable substitute of pork cutlets.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제14권1E호
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• pp.73-82
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• 1995

This paper presents a data structure that implements a mergeable double-ended priority queue ; namely, an improved relaxed min-max-pair heap. It suggests a sequential algorithm to merge priority queues organized in two relaxed min-max heaps : kheap and nheap of sizes k and n, respecrively. This new data sturuture eliminates the blossomed tree and the lazying method used to merge the relaxed min-max heaps in [8]. As a result, the suggested method in this paper requires the time complexity of O(log(log(n/k))*log(k)) and the space complexity of O(n+), assuming that $k{\leq}{\lfloor}log(size(nheap)){\rfloor}$ are in two heaps of different sizes.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.184-194
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• 1999

We present a new algorithm to minimize channel contention while sending multiple messages from multiple source to overlapped destination set on Multistage Interconnection Network (MIN) which supports wormhole routed turnaround routing. The multicast tree of the U-MIN(Unicast MIN) algorithm is useful in performing messages from one source to multiple destination but gives rise to a serious channel connection in performing multiple multicast because it has been designed for only single multicast. For multiple multicast communication on MIN, we address how to implement multiple multicast services efficiently. And a SPU-MIN(Source Partitioned Unicast MIN) algorithm is proposed and shown to be superior than the U-MIN algorithm for multiple multicast. The turnaround routing algorithm based on wormhole routing technique is employed as a message sending method.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.1162-1171
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• 1998

This paper presents a data structure that implements a mergable double-ended priority queue : namely an improved relaxed min-max-pair heap. By means of this new data structure, we suggest a parallel algorithm to merge priority queues organized in two relaxed heaps of different sizes, n and k, respectively. This new data-structure eliminates the blossomed tree and the lazying method used to merge the relaxed min-max heaps in [9]. As a result, employing max($2^{i-1}$,[(m+1/4)]) processors, this algorithm requires O(log(log(n/k))${\times}$log(n)) time. Also, on the MarPar machine, this method achieves a 35.205-fold speedup with 64 processors to merge 8 million data items which consist of two relaxed min-max heaps of different sizes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• 제29권6B호
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• pp.563-574
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a new class of MIN(Multistage Interconnection Network) called Combine MIN which combines static network topology and apimic network topology. Combine U provides multiple paths at a hardware cost lower than that of MIN with unique path property. Combine MIN can be constructed suitable for localized communication by providing the shortcut path and multiple paths inside the processor-memory cluster which has frequent data communications. According to the results of analysis and simulation for performance evaluation, Combine MIN shows higher performance than MINs of the same network size in the highly localized communication Therefore, Combine MIN can be used as an attractive interconnection network for parallel applications with a localized communication pattern in shared-memory multiprocessor systems.