• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is provide appropriate arms control measures between South and North Koreas by comparing and analyzing the former proposals and agreements in the past and the current Moon Government's approach representing the 9.19 military agreement. For this, I established the most appropriate framework for analysis through comparing and analyzing the arms control theories. The policies of the past governments and of the current Moon Jae-in government are analyzed. The most highlighted characteristic was that the arms control policies were projected by not from the military confidence, but political confidence building measures or both concurrently. In conclusion, I suggested the strategies of projecting confidence building measures and arms control or disarmament in the process of projecting the peace settlement. Nonetheless, the most important point is that the policies of arms control and unification should be pushed ahead complementally.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.20 no.spc1
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• pp.12-29
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify the social issues discussed in Korea regarding Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS), the most advanced ICT field in the shipbuilding industry, and to suggest policy implications. In recent years, it has become important to reflect social issues of public interest in the policymaking process. For this reason, an increasing number of studies use media data and social media to identify public opinion. In this study, we collected 2,843 domestic media articles related to MASS from 2017 to 2022, when MASS was officially discussed at the International Maritime Organization, and analyzed them using text mining techniques. Through term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) analysis, major keywords such as 'shipbuilding,' 'shipping,' 'US,' and 'HD Hyundai' were derived. For LDA topic modeling, we selected eight topics with the highest coherence score (-2.2) and analyzed the main news for each topic. According to the combined analysis of five years, the topics '1. Technology integration of the shipbuilding industry' and '3. Shipping industry in the post-COVID-19 era' received the most media attention, each accounting for 16%. Conversely, the topic '5. MASS pilotage areas' received the least media attention, accounting for 8 percent. Based on the results of the study, the implications for policy, society, and international security are as follows. First, from a policy perspective, the government should consider the current situation of each industry sector and introduce MASS in stages and carefully, as they will affect the shipbuilding, port, and shipping industries, and a radical introduction may cause various adverse effects. Second, from a social perspective, while the positive aspects of MASS are often reported, there are also negative issues such as cybersecurity issues and the loss of seafarer jobs, which require institutional development and strategic commercialization timing. Third, from a security perspective, MASS are expected to change the paradigm of future maritime warfare, and South Korea is promoting the construction of a maritime unmanned system-based power, but it emphasizes the need for a clear plan and military leadership to secure and develop the technology. This study has academic and policy implications by shedding light on the multidimensional political and social issues of MASS through news data analysis, and suggesting implications from national, regional, strategic, and security perspectives beyond legal and institutional discussions.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.18
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• pp.385-444
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• 2003

Current Military Airbase Law, in an effort to promote safety of military aircraft and security of military airbase, requires an administrative agency or its empowered branch to consult with the Secretary of Defense or the commander of the airbase before they issue a certain administrative approval or decision related to the installation. Although this consultation process purports itself in simplifying what can be an protracted administrative procedure, and in unifying objectives of the military and the administrative services, such procedural requirement is vulnerable inevitability of various legal problems whenever there is a conflict of interests among civil, military, government services. Nor is there sufficient studies done by academian in the area of bureaucratic issues of administrative resolution, and certainly not in the area of the military consultation procedure. This article, with such reality in mind attempts to constructively examine 1) when a consultation application is submitted, whether the discretionary power of the commander of the affected airbase is acknowledged at the outset; 2) if the content of the consultation is deemed unlawful, whether a civilian can institute an administrative lawsuit against it; 3) problems about the subject matters of the consultation requirement within the framework of military airbase law; 4) whether the issuing administrative agency must abide by and issue approval or decision in accordance with the opinion proposed by the said commander; 5) the legal problems of the remedial measure such as an order of removal, appellate review, notion to challenge authority, and etc. in cases such as administrative agency ignoring the commanders proposal or issuing final approval or decision that is inconsistent with what was consulted and agreed upon between both parties.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.112-118
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• 2023

As technology advances, the need for enhanced preparedness against cyber-attacks becomes an increasingly critical problem. Therefore, it is imperative to consider various circumstances and to prepare for cyber-attack strategic technology. This paper proposes a method to solve network security problems by applying reinforcement learning to cyber-security. In general, traditional static cyber-security methods have difficulty effectively responding to modern dynamic attack patterns. To address this, we implement cyber-attack scenarios such as 'Tiny Alpha' and 'Small Alpha' and evaluate the performance of various reinforcement learning methods using Network Attack Simulator, which is a cyber-attack simulation environment based on the gymnasium (formerly Open AI gym) interface. In addition, we experimented with different RL algorithms such as value-based methods (Q-Learning, Deep-Q-Network, and Double Deep-Q-Network) and policy-based methods (Actor-Critic). As a result, we observed that value-based methods with discrete action spaces consistently outperformed policy-based methods with continuous action spaces, demonstrating a performance difference ranging from a minimum of 20.9% to a maximum of 53.2%. This result shows that the scheme not only suggests opportunities for enhancing cybersecurity strategies, but also indicates potential applications in cyber-security education and system validation across a large number of domains such as military, government, and corporate sectors.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.18-34
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• 1990

In light of the recent developments of transitory nature, it is likely that national defense decision-making will be more difficult to make for years to come. In other words, sudden changes in security environment would call into question the basic assumptions on which we have built our national defense planning and increase the number of the uncertain factors in the decision-making process; the subdivision and ramification of national defense management would increase the factors for decision-making and complicate even further the mutual interactions among these factors; the accelerated pace of sophistication and diversification of weapon systems and military technology would increase the risk of failure and system costs geometrically; and the reduced level of acceptance among the people on the sanctification of national defense in proportion to the rapid progress toward a more democratic and industrial society would engender an increased criticism or checking role by the National Assembly or by the mass media. As the changes in national defense environment and conditions create an innumerable number of new tasks, this paper intends to suggest a few core policy measures to improve the quality of national defense decision-making. More specifically, it proposes to 1) eradicate entirely the bureaucratic behavior and tendencies; 2) utilize actively the brain staff for quality assurance of decision-making; 3) and introduce and apply as a whole set, a total system, or an incorporated pack age the PPBEES(Planning-Programming-Budgeting-Executing-Evaluating-System)/LCMM (Life-Cycle Management Model for System Acquision), the OR/SA(Operations Research/Systems Analysis), and DMIS (Defense Management Information System).

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.441-447
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• 2022

The Republic of Korea Army predicted that the continuous decline in fertility rate and the low birth rate, one of the biggest issues in our society, would lead to a security crisis due to a lack of military personnel, and revised the Military Service Act in 2010 to prevent enlistment of 'clearly mixed races', which had previously restricted enlistment. made it compulsory As a result, 50 children from multicultural families enlisted in the military in 2011, and the Military Manpower Administration at the time predicted that more than 8,000 people would enlist every year after 2020. This poses another challenge for the Army. A lack of understanding and respect for different languages, religions, and eating habits can lead to conflict among members, which will lead to weakening of combat power. Therefore, through a case study of multicultural application by world powers, the history of success and failure of respect for multiculturalism and the current policy of respecting multiculturalism of the U.S. Army are studied to examine the direction of our army.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.2425-2458
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• 2022

The continuous evolution and proliferation of computer technology and our increasing dependence on computer technology have created a new class of threats: "cyber threats." These threats can be defined as activities that can undermine a society's ability to maintain internal or external order while using information technology. Cyber threats can be mainly divided into two categories, namely cyber-terrorism and cyber-warfare. A variety of malware programs are often used as a primary weapon in these cyber threats. A significant amount of research work has been published covering different aspects of cyber threats, their countermeasures, and the policy-making for cyber laws. This article aims to review the research conducted in various important aspects of cyber threats and provides synthesized information regarding the fundamentals of cyber threats; discusses the countermeasures for such threats; provides relevant details of high-profile cyber-attacks; discusses the developments in global policy-making for cyber laws, and lastly presents promising future directions in this area.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.16 no.3_1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2016

This thesis analyzes the backgrounds of the third offset strategy of the US Department of Defense. The key technology areas to be developed and the implications of the 3rd strategy are also examined. The potential great powers, China and Russia have catched up with US in the certain areas of military technologies. The technological superiority of US military is found to have been eroded. The US DOD needs a new defense policy called the 3rd offset strategy to meet this new challenge. The 5 basic technology areas were identified; learning machines, human-machine collaboration, machine-assisted human operations, human-machine combat teaming, and autonomous weapons. The 3rd offset strategy should be managed not to move to the new arms race with rivalries. The defense acquisition system also needs to be improved for the smooth flow of the advanced commercial technologies to the defense sector. Korea needs to figure out the possible technologies of co-research and development with US.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.43-49
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• 2010

With the development of information and communications technology(ICT), the concept of ubiquitous that we can communicate regardless of time and place appears. Due to the development of the technology delivering information, current society is called intellectualization society developed from informatization society. The intellectualization society is based on knowledge accumulated by processing information. The education methods are also developed into a concept of u-Learning applying the concept of ubiquitous from the concept of e-Learning using a computer. The military also points out education as a key policy. The aspect of war is changing to NCW(Network Centric Warfare) from platform centric warfare. Therefore, collecting and managing the war situations in real time is a key to controlling command. To this end, it needs to maximize individuals and groups' ability to cultivate the military with cutting-edge knowledge. Therefore, this study aims to look into methods to apply u-learning system in training and military actions according to changes in war environments and ICT.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.195-202
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• 2013

Defense reform our military for the globalization of information. Scientific command structure, troop structure, unit structure, step-by-step into the power structure while promoting a history of quantitative-oriented structure, and structure of the quality of state-of-the-art technology-driven transition in the middle of the bottle numberplans about the current 3.3-fold increase in reducing the cadre(officers and NCOs). NCO groups in the executive, especially expanding the current level of 100% increase in the rate of long-serving, while ensuring a stable job and to superior resources to secure a stable policy through science. Military alliance is now underway. In the midst of this group, and urged the group at the University of the leading military and specialized resources to ensure each agreement required by subjects to reflect. Thus effectively improve the quality of education and the demands of the job analysis, DACUM curriculum development methods and procedures can be applied at the time of urgent need for foster an excellent resource for the discharge of curriculum development at the University of Selected as a core job, career, and job classification configuration inside of Duty according to KST derived from the group reflect on the training courses to meet the requirements in the curriculum through the development of curriculum, job definition, job model set to propose.