• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.619-626
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of physical activity and sedentary life in metabolically healthy obesity(MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity(MUO). A total of 1585 middle-aged obesity men and women participated in this study. The subjects were divided to MHO(n=840) and MUO(n=745) by metabolic syndrome markers(National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III). We analyzed measurement data using t-test. As results, physical activity and exercise participant between group had not significant difference in men subjects. But, in women subjects, total physical activity volume and muscle strength exercise participant between group had a significant difference. In conclusion, we suggest that physical activity and exercise participant are important factors affecting health status in the same level of obesity women.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.27-34
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• 2021

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, the age of artificial intelligence, the development of ICT technology is having various effects on the online and offline educational environment. The universal access of online education changes the educational paradigm and converts it to a learner-centered service. At the time when a new educational environment is required to change, interest in flip learning is increasing. Even adult learner's online learning needs is also shown very high. The purpose of this study was to investigate how repetitive learning activities through flip learning for middle-aged online learners of K-Cyber University has a relationship and structural relationship between the effects of learning immersion and learning interest on learning satisfaction. Through this study, there is significance in research to suggest direction for learning satisfaction based on flip learning. For further studies, if a model of analysis of various factors that can be measured is specified and applied, it can be used as a research background that can maximize learning satisfaction based on flip learning.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.453-458
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare metabolic syndrome (MS) risk factor prevalence by obesity and age in middle-aged women. Method: Two hundred and fifty-one subjects were recruited from the health promotion center of a tertiary care hospital in an urban city. MS was defined by the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults(Adult Treatment Panel III)(ATP III), and obesity was determined by body mass $index(BMI){\geq}25kg/m^2$. Results: The mean blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. The prevalence of MS, hypertension, and impaired fasting glucose were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. In the forties, blood pressure was significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. In the fifties, body fat, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. Conclusions: These results show that the nurse should focus on the obese fifty year old female patients for improvement of the MS risk factors.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.76-90
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to classify women's face types and to analyze the measurement of face types. For study, 180 adult women(aged between 20 and 29) in Pusan and Ulsan area was sampled to be measured for facial types. Data were analyzed by Frequencies, Means, Duncan's Multiple Range Test, Distinction analysis. The major results were as followed. Women's face types were classified by 6 types and there were round shape(29.4%), oblong shape(18.9%), inverted triangle shape(16.1%), square shape(13.9%), egg shape(11.7%), diamond shape(10.0%) in the subject. Phyiognomic facial height was 182.38mm, the upper face length was 59.82mm, the middle face length 60.82mm, the lower face length 61.76mm, and the index of face length to face breadth was 1.35. The face width was 134.90mm, interocular distance 34.75mm, the nose width 33.93mm, and mouth width was 43.87mm. And also, differences from those measurements like forehead breadth, face length/bizygion breadth, forehead slopper, bigonion breadth, bignathion breadth, bignathion slopper.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 1976

Since. its first description by Albrecht in 1904 that hamartoma (Greek. meaning "error" and "tumor")is tumor-like malformation characterized by abnormal mixture of normal constituent in any organ it arises, hamartoma involving the lung has assumed the following clinical features.: 1) all the pulmonary lesions presenting as "coin lesions", it occupies about 8% according to various reports. It also constitutes the most prevalent lesion of all the benign lung tumors, appearing in 0.25% of the general population. 2) Peak incidence of the lesion occurs in the 5th and 6th decade as the carcinoma patient do, and the occasional growing tendency and periperal location as in this presentation renders the differential diagnosis from the malignant disease difficult and surgical intervention inevitable for definite histological diagnosis and treatment. 3) Nearly all the clinical investigations such as history, physical exam, bronchoscopy, culture, and cytological exam of sputum sre likely to futile:the only tool for detecting the presence of the lesion is X-ray, butthat's short of telling the true nature of it. 4) Because of its age of presentation and growing tendency in middle-aged adult, it still controversial whether it is developmental anomaly as Albrecht described, or true neoplasm denovo of fibrous connective tissue origin. This is a case report of surgical experience of pulmonary hamartoma which had nearly all the typical clinical features above mentioned and was reviewed with related literatures.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.367-371
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• 2020

We evaluated the eating pattern, physical activity, and daytime sleepiness level in Chilean shift workers. Fifty, middle-aged adult health workers from a public hospital in Santiago, Chile, were included: a group undergoing shift work (shift workers, including at least one "night shift" and one "long day", n = 33), and day workers under traditional schedule (from 8:00 to 17:00h, n = 17). Body composition, physical activity, and daytime sleepiness levels, and diet characteristics (diet composition, meals' timing, and diet quality) were assessed. Despite similar total energy intake, shift worker showed lower carbohydrate (% of energy) and higher protein intake (both P < 0.01), decreased diet quality, an irregular eating pattern, and delayed meal timing (all P < 0.05). Physical activity and daytime sleepiness levels did not differ between groups. Findings from this first Chilean study in healthcare shift workers support the fact that meal timing and diet quality appear as critical factors for upcoming intervention studies in this group.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.122-131
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to ascertain the effectiveness of forest healing therapy by analyzing researches on forest healing therapy applied to Korean adults and to confirm that forest healing therapy can be used as a therapeutic intervention program for elderly nursing or rehabilitation nursing. Methods: We searched 972 research papers on forest therapy applied to Korean adults. We reviewed appropriate 25 research papers with experimental design among them in the final analysis. Results: Forest healing therapy had physiological and psychosocial effects. First of all, it showed physiological effects to reduce stress index such as heart rate variation. Forest therapy also improved melatonin level in blood of middle-aged women with menopause and increased alpha wave in electroencephalogram and decreased lipid level and superoxide dismutase in blood. Second, forest healing therapy showed psychosocial effects to reduce depression and to improve mental health. But the effects appeared differently depending on the implementing type, period of forest healing therapy, and the professionalism of therapists. Therefore, if forest healing therapy would be applied to nursing, it should be based on its key principle, in other words, its principle of action-interaction-response of forest healing therapy. Conclusion: The results of this study could be used to develop a forest healing program as an intervention of nursing.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.353-361
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of adult the women's satisfaction with their appearance, self-esteem, depression and stress to health related quality of life (HRQOL) across the lifespan. Method: In this study a convenience sample of Korean women aged 20 years and over was used. There were 1152 women and data were collected from November 2007 to February 2008. Results: There was no difference in satisfaction with appearance in all age group. Elderly women reported lowest self esteem and HRQOL and highest depression and stress. There were statistical significances between satisfaction with appearance, self-esteem, depression, stress and HRQOL for all age groups. The most significant predictors of HRQOL in early adulthood women were stress and depression. The most significant predictors of HRQOL in middle adulthood women were stress, disease, depression, self-esteem, and monthly income. The most significant predictors of HRQOL in elderly women were stress, disease, depression, and satisfaction with appearance. Conclusion: The results indicate that HRQOL of Korean women is associated with psychological distress as with stress and depression. When developing programs to enhance health in elderly women, consideration should be given to body image as well as psychological distress and chronic conditions.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.283-287
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• 2006

Although estrogen is known to playa role in fatty acid metabolism, it remains unclear whether fatty acid oxidation in mature female rats differs from fatty acid oxidation in peri-pubertal young rats. In this study, we measured fatty acid metabolism in the skeletal muscles and livers of 5 and 50 weeks old male and female rats. The rate of palmitate oxidation in the liver and gastrocnemius red in the 50-week-old female rats were elevated as compared to the 5-week-old females, whereas there were no differences in the male rats. The rate of palmitate oxidation in the gastrocnemius red was correlated inversely with intra-abdominal fat mass in the 5-week-old male and female rats, whereas the palmitate oxidation rate was positively correlated with fat mass in the liver and gastrocnemius red in the 50-week-old rats. HOMA-IR and plasma insulin levels were positively correlated with intra-abdominal fat mass in the pooled 50-week-old male and female rats, but this correlation was not apparent in 5-week-old rats. In summary, the rate of fatty acid oxidation measured in the middle-aged adult female rats was significantly higher than those measured in the peri-pubertal young female rats. This difference may be attributed to the influence of ovarian hormones.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 2021

This study was conducted on 878 retired women in their 50s and 60s across the country using the 7th data from the National Pension Service's KReiS. We used SPSS WIN 18.0, and the analysis results are as follows. First, there were many highly educated people in their 50s or older and those in their 60s and undereducated. Second, families in their 50s had the largest number of members with more than three, while households in their 60s had the largest number of two. Third, both age groups chose themselves and their spouses as responsibilities for preparing for retirement. In addition, more people in their 60s chose the government as their responsibility for preparing for retirement than in their 50s. Both people in their 50s and 60s say they are "not prepared" to prepare for retirement expenses, raising concerns about elderly poverty. Fourth, economic strength, health, and medical care were important for retirement in both age groups as part of their preparations for retirement, and they chose economic strength, health, medical care and job as the things to do in society. Fifth, both people in their 50s and 60s have very low public and private pension subscription rates, requiring special attention from the government and society to their old age. Judging from the above results, both women in their 50s and 60s have retired, but preparations for retirement are very insufficient. Therefore, the government and society need to strengthen the public pension system and create jobs for the elderly.